keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361453/hyponatremia-in-guillain-barre-syndrome-a-review-of-its-pathophysiology-and-management
#21
REVIEW
Archana B Netto, Niveditha C, Sheril Sk, Arun B Taly
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 16, 2024: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38356316/a-study-on-the-role-of-serum-uric-acid-in-differentiating-acute-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy-from-acute-onset-chronic-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiyun Zhang, Wen Tao, Jun Wang, Ping Nie, Lihui Duan, Lanyun Yan
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Clinical symptoms and laboratory indices for acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, and acute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (A-CIDP) were analyzed to identify factors that could contribute to early differential diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on 44 AIDP and 44 A-CIDP patients looking for any demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations or laboratory parameters that might differentiate AIDP from acutely presenting CIDP...
February 14, 2024: European Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38352138/guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-post-sars-cov-2-vaccine-a-systematic-review-and-data-analysis-on-its-clinical-laboratory-electrophysiological-and-radiological-features
#23
REVIEW
Kawther Hadhiah, Ali Alhashim, Hassan A Al-Dandan, Eman Alhassan, Abdulaziz M Alqarni, Abdullah Adil A Memish, Majed Alabdali
INTRODUCTION: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disease that affects almost 0.8-1.9 cases per 100,000 people worldwide every year. This is the most prevalent cause of subacute flaccid paralyzing illness today. It is a subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy; the typical scenario involves ascending symmetrical flaccid paralysis, but in some circumstances, sensory, autonomic, and cranial neuropathy may also be involved. Several vaccines have been found to have complications since the previous century...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38351491/maternal-and-neonatal-group-b-streptococcus-colonisation-a-systematic-review-and-the-meta-analysis-of-matched-pair-studies
#24
REVIEW
Kai Wei Lee, Sook Fan Yap, Sudaxshina Murdan, Zurina Zainudin, Habibah Abdul Hamid, Mohsen Emamjomeh, Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa, Narcisse Mary Sither Joseph, Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal, Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
AIM: To determine the prevalence of group B Streptococcus (GBS) carriage among parturient women and neonates, and the relative risk of vertical transmission, the relative risk of early and late-onset GBS and the pooled incidence of early-late-onset GBS infection. METHODS: A systematic search of relevant cohort studies from three electronic databases to identify all relevant studies published up to 7 November 2022. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines...
February 13, 2024: Acta Paediatrica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340071/clinical-manifestations-of-dengue-zika-and-chikungunya-in-the-pacific-islands-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#25
REVIEW
Sahil Kharwadkar, Nipun Herath
Dengue, Zika and chikungunya outbreaks pose a significant public health risk to Pacific Island communities. Differential diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping clinical features and limited availability of laboratory diagnostic facilities. There is also insufficient information regarding the complications of these arboviruses, particularly for Zika and chikungunya. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the clinical manifestations of dengue, Zika and chikungunya in the Pacific Islands...
March 2024: Reviews in Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333366/the-safety-and-immunogenicity-of-vaccines-administered-to-pregnant-women-living-with-hiv-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eve Nakabembe, Jo Cooper, Kyle Amaral, Valerie Tusubira, Yingfen Hsia, Bahaa Abu-Raya, Musa Sekikubo, Annettee Nakimuli, Manish Sadarangani, Kirsty Le Doare
BACKGROUND: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have a higher burden of infectious diseases related morbidity and mortality compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU). Immunization of pregnant women living with HIV (PWLWH) could reduce the severity and burden of infectious diseases for HEU in early infancy. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of safety and immunogenicity of vaccines administered to PWLWH and meta-analyses to test the overall effect of immunogenicity comparing pregnant women without HIV (PWWH) to PWLWH...
March 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38316588/oral-probiotic-supplementation-in-pregnancy-to-reduce-group-b-streptococcus-colonisation-opsip-trial-study-protocol-for-a-double-blind-parallel-group-randomised-placebo-trial
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly Hayes, Patricia Janssen, Beth A Payne, Cecilia Jevitt, Will Johnston, Patricia Johnson, Michelle Butler
INTRODUCTION: Group B streptococcus (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae , remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Canadian guidelines advise universal maternal screening for GBS colonisation in pregnancy in conjunction with selective antibiotic therapy. This results in over 1000 pregnant individuals receiving antibiotic therapy to prevent one case of early-onset neonatal GBS disease, and over 20 000 pregnant individuals receiving antibiotic therapy to prevent one neonatal death...
February 5, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313939/patients-dreams-and-unreal-experiences-during-intensive-care-unit-icu-hospitalization
#28
REVIEW
Konstantina Dimou, Agapi L Batiridou, Fotios Tatsis, Spiros Georgakis, Zoe Konstanti, Georgios Papathanakos, Stefanos Mantzoukas, Elena Dragioti, Mary Gouva, Vasilios Koulouras
In the intensive care unit (ICU), patients often experience fragmented memories, primarily comprising dreams and illusions. These experiences can impact psychosocial well-being, correlating with post-traumatic stress symptoms and heightened anxiety. Understanding these phenomena is crucial for holistic care. To systematically explore patients' perspectives concerning the recollection of dreams and unreal encounters during their stay in the ICU, considering pertinent clinical conditions and potential influencing factors, we conducted a comprehensive search in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until November 20, 2023, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38308937/the-pathophysiological-role-of-endoneurial-inflammatory-edema-in-early-classical-guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome
#29
REVIEW
José Berciano
The objective of this review was to analyze the pathophysiological role of endoneurial inflammatory edema in initial stages of classic Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), arbitrarily divided into very early GBS (≤ 4 days after symptom onset) and early GBS (≤ 10 days). Classic GBS, with variable degree of flaccid and areflexic tetraparesis, encompasses demyelinating and axonal forms. Initial autopsy studies in early GBS have demonstrated that endoneurial inflammatory edema of proximal nerve trunks, particularly spinal nerves, is the outstanding lesion...
January 23, 2024: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296778/neonatal-group-b-streptococcus-disease
#30
REVIEW
Sarah A Coggins, Karen M Puopolo
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of neonatal sepsis in term and preterm infants. Because GBS colonizes human genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts, a significant focus of neonatal GBS disease prevention is to interrupt vertical transmission of GBS from mother to infant during parturition. Routine antepartum GBS screening in pregnant women, as well as widespread use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, have aided in overall reductions in neonatal GBS disease during the past 3 decades. However, neonatal GBS disease persists and may cause mortality and significant short- and long-term morbidity among survivors...
February 1, 2024: Pediatrics in Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38295535/evaluating-yield-and-utilization-of-ganglioside-antibody-testing-in-clinical-practice
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cathy Meng Fei Li, Yiu-Chia Chang, Liju Yang, Adrian Budhram
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ganglioside antibodies can help diagnose distinct acute and chronic inflammatory neuropathies including axonal variants of Guillain-Barre syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS), multifocal motor neuropathy, and chronic sensory ataxic neuropathies. Because ganglioside antibody testing may be routinely ordered in patients with suspected inflammatory neuropathy, we sought to evaluate its yield and utilization in clinical practice. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients at London Health Sciences Centre who underwent ganglioside antibody testing between April 2019 and August 2023...
February 15, 2024: Journal of the Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275049/a-systematic-review-of-the-covid-vaccine-s-impact-on-the-nervous-system
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viswarupachari Tanguturi Yella, Sumit Pareek, Bhumika Meena, K S B S Krishna Sasanka, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Sree Sudha T Y
AIMS & OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of research pertaining to the COVID-19 vaccine and its association with neurological complications. METHOD: We performed a comprehensive search of the literature using Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI databases from December 2021 to December 2022. For Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI databases we used the following key search terms: "neurological adverse effects", "COVID-19 vaccination", "SARS-CoV-2", CNS complications, and CNS adverse effects...
January 24, 2024: Current Drug Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38253417/peripheral-nervous-system-pns-myelin-diseases
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven S Scherer, John Svaren
This is a review of inherited and acquired causes of human demyelinating neuropathies and a subset of disorders that affect axon-Schwann cell interactions. Nearly all inherited demyelinating neuropathies are caused by mutations in genes that are expressed by myelinating Schwann cells, affecting diverse functions in a cell-autonomous manner. The most common acquired demyelinating neuropathies are Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic, inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, both of which are immune-mediated...
January 22, 2024: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38247655/toxic-shock-syndrome-a-literature-review
#34
REVIEW
Enora Atchade, Christian De Tymowski, Nathalie Grall, Sébastien Tanaka, Philippe Montravers
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare, life-threatening, toxin-mediated infectious process linked, in the vast majority of cases, to toxin-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes . The pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, microbiological features, management and outcome of TSS are described in this review. Bacterial superantigenic exotoxins induces unconventional polyclonal lymphocyte activation, which leads to rapid shock, multiple organ failure syndrome, and death...
January 18, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38233678/guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-and-covid-19-vaccination-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#35
REVIEW
Stefano Censi, Giandomenico Bisaccia, Sabina Gallina, Valentina Tomassini, Antonino Uncini
BACKGROUND: Case-reports/series and cohorts of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with COVID-19 vaccination have been reported. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies of GBS after COVID-19 vaccination was carried out. Incidence and incidence rate ratio for a number of vaccine doses and risk of GBS, also considering the specific vaccine technology, were calculated in a random-effects model. RESULTS: Of 554 citations retrieved, 518 were discarded as irrelevant...
January 17, 2024: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38227318/sars-cov-2-vaccination-and-neuroimmunological-disease-a-review
#36
REVIEW
Alice Grizzel Willison, Marc Pawlitzki, Michael Peter Lunn, Hugh John Willison, Hans-Peter Hartung, Sven Günther Meuth
IMPORTANCE: The temporal association between the occurrence of neurological diseases, many autoimmune diseases, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has been topically interesting and remains hotly debated both in the medical literature and the clinic. Given the very low incidences of these events both naturally occurring and in relation to vaccination, it is challenging to determine with certainty whether there is any causative association and most certainly what the pathophysiology of that causation could be...
February 1, 2024: JAMA Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38216265/the-role-of-probiotics-in-women-s-health-an-update-narrative-review
#37
REVIEW
Ling-Ying Wu, Tsai-Hwa Yang, Yu-Che Ou, Hao Lin
Probiotics, live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts, have gained considerable attention for their potential role in maintaining women's health. This overview summarizes key clinical findings on the beneficial effects of probiotics in various aspects of women's health. Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus species, contribute to vaginal health by promoting a balanced vaginal microbiome to prevent infections and maintain an acidic environment. In gynecologic conditions, probiotics show potential in preventing and managing bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and sexually transmitted infections...
January 2024: Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38192053/a-review-on-zika-vaccine-development
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhe-Yu Peng, Song Yang, Hong-Zhen Lu, Lin-Min Wang, Ni Li, Hai-Ting Zhang, Si-Yu Xing, Yi-Nan Du, Sheng-Qun Deng
Zika virus (ZIKV), which belongs to the Flavivirus family, is mainly transmitted via the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. In newborns, ZIKV infection can cause severe symptoms such as microcephaly, while in adults, it can lead to Guillain‒Barré syndrome (GBS). Due to the lack of specific therapeutic methods against ZIKV, the development of a safe and effective vaccine is extremely important. Several potential ZIKV vaccines, such as live attenuated, inactivated, nucleic acid, viral vector, and recombinant subunit vaccines, have demonstrated promising outcomes in clinical trials involving human participants...
January 8, 2024: Pathogens and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38170231/a-6-year-review-of-acute-post-streptococcal-glomerulonephritis-at-a-public-children-s-hospital-in-cape-town-south-africa
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khadija Abugrain, Mignon I McCulloch, Rudzani Muloiwa, Valerie A Luyckx, Heloise Buys
BACKGROUND: Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is the most common cause of acute nephritis in children globally and, in some cases, may be associated with progressive kidney injury and failure, cumulating in the need for long-term dialysis and/or kidney transplantation. METHODS: Our retrospective study describes the occurrence of APSGN among children (< 14 years) admitted to a tertiary children's hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, from January 2015 to December 2020...
January 3, 2024: Pediatric Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38156127/a-saudi-hospital-s-experience-in-the-management-of-well-appearing-neonates-at-increased-risk-for-early-onset-bacterial-sepsis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sameer Y Al-Abdi, Abbas M Al-Omran, Naglaa I Moustafa, Zakyia S Al-Qoweri, Shaimaa A El-Nokbasy
BACKGROUND: Early-onset neonatal bacterial sepsis (EOS) is a serious medical condition where pathogenic bacterial species are isolated from the blood of newborns within the first 72 hours of life. Neonatal healthcare providers face challenges in managing well-appearing newborns born at 35 weeks gestational age or more who are at an increased risk of developing EOS. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has recommended three approaches for managing EOS. One of these approaches includes enhanced observation to observe the progression of the newborn's clinical condition within the first 48 hours after birth...
November 2023: Curēus
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