keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38141196/lipoprotein-a-as-a-biomarker-for-cardiovascular-diseases-and-potential-new-therapies-to-mitigate-risk
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Debabrata Mukherjee, Steven E Nissen
BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a molecule that induces inflammation of the blood vessels, atherogenesis, valvular calcification, and thrombosis. METHODS: We review the available evidence that suggests that high Lp(a) levels are associated with a persisting risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases despite optimization of established risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. OBSERVATIONS: Approximately a quarter of the world population have Lp(a) levels of >50 mg/dL (125 nmol/L), a level associated with elevated cardiovascular risk...
December 20, 2023: Current Vascular Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38095804/inhibition-of-angiopoietin-like-protein-3-or-3-8-complex-and-apoc-iii-in-severe-hypertriglyceridemia
#22
REVIEW
Miriam Larouche, Etienne Khoury, Diane Brisson, Daniel Gaudet
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The role of the inhibition of ANGPTL3 in severe or refractory hypercholesterolemia is well documented, less in severe hyperTG. This review focuses on the preclinical and clinical development of ApoC-III inhibitors and ANGPTL3, 4, and 3/8 complex inhibitors for the treatment of severe or refractory forms of hypertriglyceridemia to prevent cardiovascular disease or other morbidities. RECENT FINDINGS: APOC3 and ANGPTL3 became targets for drug development following the identification of naturally occurring loss of function variants in families with a favorable lipid profile and low cardiovascular risk...
December 14, 2023: Current Atherosclerosis Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38090817/therapeutic-potential-of-natural-antisense-transcripts-and-various-mechanisms-involved-for-clinical-applications-and-disease-prevention
#23
REVIEW
Ashiq Ali, Aisha Khatoon, Chenran Shao, Bilal Murtaza, Qaisar Tanveer, Zhongjing Su
Antisense transcription, a prevalent occurrence in mammalian genomes, gives rise to natural antisense transcripts (NATs) as RNA molecules. These NATs serve as agents of diverse transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, playing crucial roles in various biological processes vital for cell function and immune response. However, when their normal functions are disrupted, they can contribute to human diseases. This comprehensive review aims to establish the molecular foundation linking NATs to the development of disorders like cancer, neurodegenerative conditions, and cardiovascular ailments...
January 2024: RNA Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38086068/lncrna-malat1-targeting-antisense-oligonucleotide-ameliorates-the-angii-induced-vascular-smooth-muscle-cell-proliferation-and-migration-via-nrf2-gpx4-antioxidant-pathway
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zili Liao, Zhonghan Ni, Jun Cao, Jin Liao, Hengqing Zhu, Xiutong Zhong, Gang Cao, Ling Huang, Xiaoyue Li, Guojun Jiang, Fang Pei
The high level of oxidative stress induced by angiotensin II (AngII) is the main pathophysiological process that promotes the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and induces vascular remodeling. LncRNA Metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been determined to play an important role in the modulation of oxidative stress and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the function and underlying mechanism of MALAT1 in restenosis induced by hypertensive angioplasty remain unclear...
December 12, 2023: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38039351/exploring-apolipoprotein-c-iii-pathophysiological-and-pharmacological-relevance
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chris J Packard, Angela Pirillo, Sotirios Tsimikas, Brian A Ference, Alberico L Catapano
The availability of pharmacological approaches able to effectively reduce circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has led to a substantial reduction in the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease. However, a residual cardiovascular risk persists in treated individuals with optimal levels of LDL-C. Additional risk factors beyond LDL-C are involved and among these, elevated levels of triglycerides (TG) and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are causally associated with an increased cardiovascular risk...
December 1, 2023: Cardiovascular Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003736/distinct-hand2-hand2-as1-expression-levels-may-fine-tune-mesenchymal-and-epithelial-cell-plasticity-of-human-mesenchymal-stem-cells
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel Vazana-Netzarim, Yishay Elmalem, Shachar Sofer, Hod Bruck, Naama Danino, Udi Sarig
We previously developed several successful decellularization strategies that yielded porcine cardiac extracellular matrices (pcECMs) exhibiting tissue-specific bioactivity and bioinductive capacity when cultured with various pluripotent and multipotent stem cells. Here, we study the tissue-specific effects of the pcECM on seeded human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) phenotypes using reverse transcribed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) arrays for cardiovascular related gene expression. We further corroborated interesting findings at the protein level (flow cytometry and immunological stains) as well as bioinformatically using several mRNA sequencing and protein databases of normal and pathologic adult and embryonic (organogenesis stage) tissue expression...
November 20, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003316/analysis-of-anril-isoforms-and-key-genes-in-patients-with-severe-coronary-artery-disease
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón, Laura B Torres-Mata, Sara E Cazorla-Rivero, Jaime A Serna Gómez, Jesús M González Martín, Ángeles Cánovas-Molina, José A Medina-Suárez, Ayose N González-Hernández, Lidia Estupiñán-Quintana, María C Bartolomé-Durán, José C Rodríguez-Pérez, Bernardino Clavo Varas
ANRIL (Antisense Noncoding RNA in the INK4 Locus), also named CDKN2B-AS1, is a long non-coding RNA with outstanding functions that regulates genes involved in atherosclerosis development. ANRIL genotypes and the expression of linear and circular isoforms have been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The CDKN2A and the CDKN2B genes at the CDKN2A/B locus encode the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase inhibitor protein (CDKI) p16INK4a and the p53 regulatory protein p14ARF, which are involved in cell cycle regulation, aging, senescence, and apoptosis...
November 9, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37997792/the-10-essential-questions-regarding-lipoprotein-a
#28
REVIEW
Karam M Kostner, Gerhard M Kostner
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lp(a) is one of the most atherogenic lipoproteins, and significant progress has been made to understand its pathophysiology over the last 20 years. There are now selective therapies in late-stage clinical trials to lower Lp(a). Yet there are many outstanding questions about Lp(a). This review outlines 10 of the most burning questions and tries to answer some of them. RECENT FINDINGS: Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment is currently the most advanced therapy to lower plasma Lp(a) by 60-80%...
March 1, 2024: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37984676/ugt1a1-morpholino-antisense-oligonucleotides-produce-mild-unconjugated-hyperbilirubinemia-in-cyclosprin-a-induced-cardiovascular-disorders-in-blc57-mice
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Basma H Marghani, Ahmed I Ateya, Basma H Othman, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Mohamed El-Adl
This study aimed to investigate the induction of mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in hepatic UGT1A1 inhibition by Morpholinos antisense in CsA-treated BLC57 mice in comparison with the efficacy of chitosan (CH) as an anti-hypolipidemic natural product. Antisense morpholino oligonucleotides were injected intravenously into CsA-treated mice for 14 days thrice a week. Serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant status, and gene expression analysis of eNOS, PPAR-α, NF-kB, cFn, AT1-R, and ETA-R were determined in cardiac tissues with confirmation by histopathology...
November 18, 2023: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37979722/traditional-and-novel-non-statin-lipid-lowering-drugs
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peeyush Jain
Non-statin drugs find utility in the management of dyslipidaemia in mixed dyslipidaemia, patients with statin intolerance, and when guidelines directed low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target cannot be achieved despite maximally tolerated statin. The most definite indication of fenofibrate monotherapy is fasting serum triglyceride >500 mg/dl to reduce the risk of acute pancreatitis It offers a modest reduction in cardiovascular events. The statin-ezetimibe combination is commonly used for lipid lowering particularly after ACS...
November 17, 2023: Indian Heart Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37887316/lipoprotein-a-60-years-later-what-do-we-know
#31
REVIEW
Anna Pasławska, Przemysław J Tomasik
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) molecule includes two protein components: apolipoprotein(a) and apoB100. The molecule is the main transporter of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) in plasma. The concentration of this strongly atherogenic lipoprotein is predominantly regulated by the LPA gene expression. Lp(a) is regarded as a risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases. Numerous epidemiological, clinical and in vitro studies showed a strong association between increased Lp(a) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), calcific aortic valve disease/aortic stenosis (CAVD/AS), stroke, heart failure or peripheral arterial disease (PAD)...
October 17, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37848630/oxidized-phospholipids-in-cardiovascular-disease
#32
REVIEW
Sotirios Tsimikas, Joseph L Witztum
Prolonged or excessive exposure to oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) generates chronic inflammation. OxPLs are present in atherosclerotic lesions and can be detected in plasma on apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins. When initially conceptualized, OxPL-apoB measurement in plasma was expected to reflect the concentration of minimally oxidized LDL, but, surprisingly, it correlated more strongly with plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels. Indeed, experimental and clinical studies show that Lp(a) particles carry the largest fraction of OxPLs among apoB-containing lipoproteins...
October 17, 2023: Nature Reviews. Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37845117/residual-cardiovascular-risk-when-should-we-treat-it
#33
REVIEW
Francisco Gomez-Delgado, Manuel Raya-Cruz, Niki Katsiki, Javier Delgado-Lista, Pablo Perez-Martinez
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) still being the most common cause of death in worldwide. In spite of development of new lipid-lowering therapies which optimize low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, recurrence of CVD events implies addressing factors related with residual cardiovascular (CV) risk. The key determinants of residual CV risk include triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and remnant cholesterol (RC), lipoprotein(a; Lpa) and inflammation including its biochemical markers such as high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP)...
October 14, 2023: European Journal of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37834387/lp-a-in-the-pathogenesis-of-aortic-stenosis-and-approach-to-therapy-with-antisense-oligonucleotides-or-short-interfering-rna
#34
REVIEW
Assunta Di Costanzo, Ciro Indolfi, Anna Franzone, Giovanni Esposito, Carmen Anna Maria Spaccarotella
To date, no medical therapy can slow the progression of aortic stenosis. Fibrocalcific stenosis is the most frequent form in the general population and affects about 6% of the elderly population. Over the years, diagnosis has evolved thanks to echocardiography and computed tomography assessments. The application of artificial intelligence to electrocardiography could further implement early diagnosis. Patients with severe aortic stenosis, especially symptomatic patients, have valve repair as their only therapeutic option by surgical or percutaneous technique (TAVI)...
October 6, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830159/spotlight-on-hox-cluster%C3%A2-embedded-antisense-lncrnas-in-cardiovascular-diseases-review
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Zhou, Qiang Wu
Atherosclerosis is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease driven by multiple pathophysiological processes that are responsible for diverse cardiovascular events. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, despite substantial triumphs in primary and secondary prevention, remains a dominant epidemic that impairs human health. Therefore, deciphering the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis will provide a real‑world translational understanding. Homeobox cluster‑embedded antisense long non‑coding RNAs (HOX‑lncRNAs), a nascent class of lncRNA molecules with versatile roles in cancer, can also orchestrate various cell functions in cardiovascular disorders and have thus captured the attention of many researchers...
December 2023: International Journal of Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37801489/transcriptomics-provides-novel-insights-into-the-regulatory-mechanism-of-incrna-hif1-a-as1-on-vascular-smooth-muscle-cells
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Yang, Zhiqiang Gong, Junjie Dong, Haotian Li, Bing Wang, Kaili Du, Chunqiang Zhang, Lingqiang Chen
INTRODUCTION: Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a potentially fatal disease with a strong genetic contribution. The dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to the formation of this aneurysm. Although previous studies suggested that long non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) hypoxia inducible factor 1 α-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) exerted a vital role in the progression and pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm, we managed to find a new regulatory mechanism of HIF1A-AS1 in VSMCs via transcriptomics...
October 6, 2023: Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37776642/the-role-of-cdr1as-cirs-7-in-cardio-cerebrovascular-diseases
#37
REVIEW
Yingchun Shao, Jiazhen Xu, Bing Liang, Shuangshuang Zhang, Wujun Chen, Yanhong Wang, Dongming Xing
Cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 antisense RNA (CDR1as), also known as ciRS-7, is a circular natural antisense transcript of CDR1. It is a widely studied and powerful representative of circular RNAs. Based on its widely reported role in cancer, CDR1as is considered one of the most promising biomarkers for diagnosing and treating tumours. However, some recent studies have extensively focused on its regulatory role in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases instead of in tumours. Studies have shown that CDR1as plays a unique role in the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases; thus, it may be a potential target for preventing and treating cardio-cerebrovascular diseases...
November 2023: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37754581/lipoprotein-a-as-a-risk-factor-for-cardiovascular-diseases-pathophysiology-and-treatment-perspectives
#38
REVIEW
Pierandrea Vinci, Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo, Emiliano Panizon, Letizia Maria Tosoni, Carla Cerrato, Federica Pellicori, Nicola Altamura, Alessia Pirulli, Michele Zaccari, Chiara Biasinutto, Chiara Roni, Nicola Fiotti, Paolo Schincariol, Alessandro Mangogna, Gianni Biolo
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, despite all the progress achieved as regards to both prevention and treatment. Having high levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that operates independently. It can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease even when LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are within the recommended range, which is referred to as residual cardiovascular risk. Lp(a) is an LDL-like particle present in human plasma, in which a large plasminogen-like glycoprotein, apolipoprotein(a) [Apo(a)], is covalently bound to Apo B100 via one disulfide bridge...
September 6, 2023: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37754229/targeted-expression-to-liver-of-an-antimir-33-sponge-as-a-gene-therapy-strategy-against-hypercholesterolemia-in-vitro-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariela Montaño-Samaniego, Jorge Sánchez-Cedillo, Amellalli Lucas-González, Diana M Bravo-Estupiñan, Ernesto Alarcón-Hernández, Sandra Rivera-Gutiérrez, José Abraham Balderas-López, Miguel Ibáñez-Hernández
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases in Mexico and worldwide. The membrane transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 are involved in the reverse transport of cholesterol and stimulate the HDL synthesis in hepatocytes, therefore the deficiency of these transporters promotes the acceleration of atherosclerosis. MicroRNA-33 (miR-33) plays an important role in lipid metabolism and exerts a negative regulation on the transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. It is known that by inhibiting the function of miR-33 with antisense RNA, HDL levels increase and atherogenic risk decreases...
August 24, 2023: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37748649/hypoxic-regulation-of-hypoxia-inducible-factor-1-alpha-via-antisense-transcription
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas Downes, Henri Niskanen, Vanesa Tomas-Bosch, Mari Taipale, Mehvash Godiwala, Mari-Anna Väänänen, Tiia A Turunen, Einari Aavik, Nihay Laham-Karam, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Minna U Kaikkonen
Impaired oxygen homeostasis is a frequently encountered pathophysiological factor in multiple complex diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. While the canonical hypoxia response pathway is well characterised, less is known about the role of non-coding RNAs in this process. Here, we investigated the nascent and steady-state non-coding transcriptional responses in endothelial cells and their potential roles in regulating the hypoxic response. Notably, we identify a novel antisense long non-coding RNA that convergently overlaps the majority of the HIF1A locus, which is expressed across several cell types and elevated in atherosclerotic lesions...
September 23, 2023: Journal of Biological Chemistry
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