keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37008211/a-risk-predictive-model-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianfeng Peng, Shan Yuan, Wenjing Wang, Zhuanyun Li, Ayshat Mussa Jumbe, Yaling Yu, Zhenghao Hu, Ruijie Niu, Xiaorong Wang, Jinnong Zhang
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is increasingly reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our research aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with overlap syndrome (OS) and develop a nomogram for predicting OSA in patients with COPD. METHODS: We retroactively collected data on 330 patients with COPD treated at Wuhan Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) from March 2017 to March 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was used to select predictors applied to develop a simple nomogram...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36998766/beneath-the-label-unsatisfactory-compliance-with-esrb-pegi-and-iarc-industry-self-regulation-requiring-loot-box-presence-warning-labels-by-video-game-companies
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leon Y Xiao
Loot boxes in video games are a form of in-game transactions with randomized elements. Concerns have been raised about loot boxes' similarities with gambling and their potential harms (e.g. overspending). Recognizing players' and parents' concerns, in mid-2020, the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) and PEGI (Pan-European Game Information) announced that games containing loot boxes or any forms of in-game transactions with randomized elements will be marked by a new label stating 'In-Game Purchases (Includes Random Items)'...
March 2023: Royal Society Open Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36967494/the-effects-of-baicalein-alone-and-in-combination-with-losartan-on-dox-induced-nephrotoxicity-in-rats
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziad H Al-Oanzi
The goal of this research was to determine whether the combination of baicalein (BL) and losartan (LT) would provide greater protection against DOX-induced nephrotoxicity. There were five groups of male rats in the experiment: the 1) control, 2) DOX, 3) DOX+LT, 4) DOX+BL and 5) DOX+LT+BL groups. A dose of DOX was administered following two weeks of LT and BL therapy. In the DOX-affected group, serum renal indicators, including creatinine and urea, rose considerably compared to those in the control groups (p<0...
January 2023: Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36927354/a-scoping-review-of-implementation-considerations-for-harm-reduction-vending-machines
#24
REVIEW
Erin Russell, Jessica Johnson, Zach Kosinski, Callie Kaplan, Nicole Barnes, Sean Allen, Emily Haroz
BACKGROUND: Community-based harm reduction vending machines (HRVM) are not new to the field of public health; numerous countries have implemented them in response to the needs of people who use drugs over the last three decades. However, until recently, few existed in the United States. Given the rapidity with which communities are standing up harm reduction vending machines, there is a pressing need for a consolidated examination of implementation evidence. This scoping review summarizes existing literature using multiple implementation science frameworks...
March 16, 2023: Harm Reduction Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36922280/impact-of-cryoanalgesia-use-during-minimally-invasive-pectus-excavatum-repair-on-hospital-days-and-total-hospital-costs-among-pediatric-patients
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brittany N Hegde, Elenir Avritscher, Seyed A Arshad, Elisa I Garcia, Nutan B Hebballi, Maryam Broussard, KuoJen Tsao
INTRODUCTION: Surgical repair of pectus excavatum is a painful procedure requiring multimodal pain control with historically prolonged hospital stay. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cryoanalgesia during minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) on hospital days (HDs), total hospital costs (HCs), and complications. We hypothesized that cryoanalgesia would be associated with reduced HDs and total HCs with no increase in post-operative complications. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent MIRPE from 2011 to 2021...
February 17, 2023: Journal of Pediatric Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36875097/pre-transplant-crp-albumin-ratio-as-a-biomarker-in-patients-receiving-haploidentical-allogeneic-hematopoietic-transplantation-developing-a-novel-drci-based-nomogram
#26
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Kejing Wang, Xing Jian, Ziwei Xu, Huafang Wang
BACKGROUND: In allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), prognostic indicators effectively predict survival. The Disease conditions prior to transplantation dramatically affects the outcome of HSCT. Optimization of the pre-transplant risk assessment is critical for enhancing allo-HSCT decision-making. Inflammation and nutritional status play significant roles in cancer genesis and progression. As a combined inflammatory and nutritional status biomarker, the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) can accurately forecast the prognosis in various malignancies...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36795544/comorbidity-and-severity-in-childhood-apraxia-of-speech-a-retrospective-chart-review
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen V Chenausky, Becky Baas, Ruth Stoeckel, Taylor Brown, Jordan R Green, Cassandra Runke, Lisa Schimmenti, Heather Clark
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate comorbidity prevalence and patterns in childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and their relationship to severity. METHOD: In this retroactive cross-sectional study, medical records for 375 children with CAS ( M age = 4;9 [years;months], SD = 2;9) were examined for comorbid conditions. The total number of comorbid conditions and the number of communication-related comorbidities were regressed on CAS severity as rated by speech-language pathologists during diagnosis...
March 7, 2023: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36744521/age-related-differences-in-overcoming-interference-when-selectively-remembering-important-information
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel
We examined the effects of interference on value-based memory in younger and older adults by presenting participants with lists of words paired with point values counting toward their score if recalled. In Experiment 1, we created a situation where there was a buildup of interference such that participants could recall words from any studied list to earn points. However, to increase participants' motivation to combat interference, we told participants that if they recalled words from previously studied lists, those words would be worth double the original point value of the word...
February 6, 2023: Experimental Aging Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36728399/using-the-lassi-l-to-detect-robust-interference-effects-in-premanifest-huntington-disease
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis A Sierra, Clementina J Ullman, Samuel A Frank, Simon Laganiere
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of manifest Huntington disease (HD) is based primarily on motor symptoms, but premanifest HD (preHD) is often associated with subtle cognitive decline. The Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) is a validated verbal learning test that can be used to detect early cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of the LASSI-L for detecting early cognitive decline in individuals with preHD and to compare the results of the LASSI-L with those of commonly used neuropsychological tests in HD...
January 10, 2023: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Official Journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36540442/percutaneous-retrograde-technique-using-intramedullary-headless-compression-screws-for-metacarpal-fractures-under-wide-awake-local-anaesthesia-no-tourniquet
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naufal Ahmed, Rory Norris, Aghna Faiaz, Anirudh Sharma, Santosh Bindumadhavan
Background The common modality of treatment of metacarpal fractures is nonsurgical. There are, however, a subset of patients and fracture types that require surgical correction, but surgery comes with its own problems like stiffness and scarring. Therefore, surgical operations must be minimally invasive barring complications of anaesthesia and the procedure. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess patient outcomes following treatment with percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation via the wide-awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) approach for unstable metacarpal fractures...
November 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36536206/internal-attention-is-the-only-retroactive-mechanism-for-controlling-precision-in-working-memory
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatih Serin, Eren Günseli
Recent research has suggested that humans can assert control over the precision of working memory (WM) items. However, the mechanisms that enable this control are unclear. While some studies suggest that internal attention improves precision, it may not be the only factor, as previous work also demonstrated that WM storage is disentangled from attention. To test whether there is a precision control mechanism beyond internal attention, we contrasted internal attention and precision requirements within the same trial in three experiments...
December 19, 2022: Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36472938/identifying-listeners-whose-speech-intelligibility-depends-on-a-quiet-extra-moment-after-a-sentence
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven P Gianakas, Matthew B Fitzgerald, Matthew B Winn
PURPOSE: An extra moment after a sentence is spoken may be important for listeners with hearing loss to mentally repair misperceptions during listening. The current audiologic test battery cannot distinguish between a listener who repaired a misperception versus a listener who heard the speech accurately with no need for repair. This study aims to develop a behavioral method to identify individuals who are at risk for relying on a quiet moment after a sentence. METHOD: Forty-three individuals with hearing loss (32 cochlear implant users, 11 hearing aid users) heard sentences that were followed by either 2 s of silence or 2 s of babble noise...
December 6, 2022: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36341490/sex-does-not-sell-the-effect-of-sexual-content-on-advertisement-effectiveness-and-interference-with-memory-for-program-information
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta-Maria Ciuvat, Adrian Furnham, Alastair McClelland
Does increasing the sexual content of advertisements lead, though memory processes, to greater sales? By employing a between-participants design, we aimed to explore how sexual advertising affects explicit and implicit memory, and whether it impairs memory for information preceding the commercials (retroactive interference) or following the commercials (proactive interference). We randomly assigned 182 young participants in the UK to one of two groups who watched the same TV program containing an advertisement break during which either sexual or nonsexual advertisements were shown, while brands were held constant across conditions...
November 6, 2022: Perceptual and Motor Skills
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36243696/unintended-medication-discrepancies-and-associated-factors-upon-patient-admission-to-the-internal-medicine-wards-identified-through-medication-reconciliation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tilaye Arega Moges, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Faisel Dula Sema
BACKGROUND: Medication reconciliation (MedRec) is a widely accepted tool for the identification and resolution of unintended medication discrepancies (UMD). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at assessing the magnitude and associated factors of UMD identified through medication reconciliation upon patient admission to the internal medicine wards. METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the internal medicine wards of Felege Hiwot and Tibebe Ghion comprehensive specialized hospitals in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, from May 01 to July 30, 2021...
October 15, 2022: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36147975/expectations-how-and-when-do-they-contribute-to-placebo-analgesia
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie Rosenkjær, Sigrid Juhl Lunde, Irving Kirsch, Lene Vase
In placebo research, expectations are highlighted as one of the most influential subjective factors. While some studies have shown a relationship between expectations and pain relief, others have not. However, little is known about how methods of assessment of expectations may affect these conclusions. One of the fundamental considerations is that participants in placebo trials rate their expectations when prompted to rate them on scales in advance, but are less likely to report their prior expectations, when asked to report their experience retroactively in an unprompted manner, often expressing, for example, prior hope or wishes of recovery...
2022: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36038572/probabilistic-atlas-for-the-language-network-based-on-precision-fmri-data-from-800-individuals
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Lipkin, Greta Tuckute, Josef Affourtit, Hannah Small, Zachary Mineroff, Hope Kean, Olessia Jouravlev, Lara Rakocevic, Brianna Pritchett, Matthew Siegelman, Caitlyn Hoeflin, Alvincé Pongos, Idan A Blank, Melissa Kline Struhl, Anna Ivanova, Steven Shannon, Aalok Sathe, Malte Hoffmann, Alfonso Nieto-Castañón, Evelina Fedorenko
Two analytic traditions characterize fMRI language research. One relies on averaging activations across individuals. This approach has limitations: because of inter-individual variability in the locations of language areas, any given voxel/vertex in a common brain space is part of the language network in some individuals but in others, may belong to a distinct network. An alternative approach relies on identifying language areas in each individual using a functional 'localizer'. Because of its greater sensitivity, functional resolution, and interpretability, functional localization is gaining popularity, but it is not always feasible, and cannot be applied retroactively to past studies...
August 29, 2022: Scientific Data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35977915/development-and-usability-testing-of-a-system-to-detect-adverse-events-and-medical-mistakes
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin Abu-Rish Blakeney, Todd Dardas, Brenda K Zierler, Seth Wolpin
Many inpatient hospital visits result in adverse events, and a disproportionate number of adverse events are thought to occur among vulnerable populations. The personal and financial costs of these events are significant at the individual, care team, and system levels. Existing methods for identifying adverse events, such as the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Global Trigger Tool, typically involve retroactive chart review to identify risks or triggers and then detailed review to determine whether and what type of harm occurred...
August 17, 2022: Computers, Informatics, Nursing: CIN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35948839/dynamic-branching-in-a-neural-network-model-for-probabilistic-prediction-of-sequences
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elif Köksal Ersöz, Pascal Chossat, Martin Krupa, Frédéric Lavigne
An important function of the brain is to predict which stimulus is likely to occur based on the perceived cues. The present research studied the branching behavior of a computational network model of populations of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, both analytically and through simulations. Results show how synaptic efficacy, retroactive inhibition and short-term synaptic depression determine the dynamics of selection between different branches predicting sequences of stimuli of different probabilities. Further results show that changes in the probability of the different predictions depend on variations of neuronal gain...
August 10, 2022: Journal of Computational Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35842373/tag-and-capture-how-salient-experiences-target-and-rescue-nearby-events-in-memory
#39
REVIEW
Joseph E Dunsmoor, Vishnu P Murty, David Clewett, Elizabeth A Phelps, Lila Davachi
The long-term fate of a memory is not exclusively determined by the events occurring at the moment of encoding. Research at the cellular, circuit, and behavioral levels is beginning to reveal how neurochemical activations in the moments surrounding an event can retroactively and proactively rescue weak memory for seemingly mundane experiences. We review emerging evidence showing enhancement of weakly formed memories encoded minutes to hours before or after a related motivationally relevant experience. We discuss proposed neurobiological mechanisms for strengthening weak memories formed in temporal proximity to a strong event, and how this knowledge could be leveraged to improve memory for information that is prone to forgetting...
September 2022: Trends in Cognitive Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35834404/episodic-memory-updating-among-older-adults-moderating-role-of-prior-knowledge
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Li, Jing-Xuan Cheng, Jing Yu
Memory updating is an adaptive function that requires people's registry of changes of episodes. However, the research on the role of prior knowledge on memory updating among older adults is scant. We instructed young and older adults to learn two sets of pairs with overlapping scene (A) on Day 1 (A-B) and Day 2 (A-C) and tested the competing memories on Day 3. We further manipulated the schema-congruency between item (B/C) and scene (A). Young adults performed comparatively well in the A-B and A-C memory tests, and showed no difference under different congruency conditions...
July 14, 2022: Memory
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