keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535591/antifungal-susceptibility-of-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-isolated-from-clinical-specimens
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Górzyńska, Kamila Kondracka, Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal, Urszula Nawrot
(1) Background: Despite being considered a non-pathogenic yeast, recently, a growing occurrence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae infections has been noted. There is little knowledge about the drug susceptibility of this species. Therefore, the objective of this research was to expand it and determine the drug susceptibility profile of a local collection of clinical isolates of this species. (2) Methods: This study contained 55 clinical isolates identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the MALDI-TOF method. The susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tested to 10 antifungals (amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, micafungin, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and itraconazole) using MICRONAUT-AT tests and manogepix, a new drug, using the microdilution method according to EUCAST...
March 14, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483681/pulmonary-surfactant-impacts-in-vitro-activity-of-selected-antifungal-drugs-against-candida-krusei-and-candida-albicans
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll, Peter Matzneller, Sabine Eberl, Markus Zeitlinger
PURPOSE: This study investigates how surfactants affect the in-vitro anti-infective efficacy of micafungin, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and amphotericin B in treating pulmonary mycoses. METHODS: MIC values for antifungal agents were determined against Candida krusei (now Pichia kudriavzevii) ATCC 6258, Candida albicans ATCC 90028, and 18 clinical isolates using the broth microdilution method in RPMI medium, following EUCAST recommendations. MIC assays included testing with and without Curosurf® surfactant at 1 mg/mL for C...
March 14, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444800/three-cases-of-vulvovaginal-candidiasis-due-to-candida-nivariensis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Thi Minh Chau Ngo, Cao Le Chi, Thị Bich Thao Do, Giang Tran Thi, Thị Ngoc Thuy Ha, Phuoc Vinh Nguyen, Minh Tam Le
Candida nivariensis is emerging as a highly resistant species of the Candida glabrata complex causing invasive and mucocutaneous infections. In this study, three cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by C. nivariensis are described and identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-2 sequencing. All isolates were susceptible in vitro to anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin, 5-flucytosine, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and showed dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole. In two patients, three doses of oral fluconazole were effective, while one patient developed clinical fluconazole resistance with a new relapse after 6 months...
March 2024: Medical Mycology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440953/novel-automated-antifungal-susceptibility-testing-system-for-yeasts-based-on-dual-detection-algorithm-of-turbidimetry-and-colorimetry
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingting Shen, Piao Liu, Dongmiao Chen, Duoduo Liu, Juan Fang, Qian Wang, Yinjuan Xu, Chunjuan Tan, Congrong Wang
Introduction. The increasing prevalence and growing resistance of fungi present a significant peril to public health. There are only four classes of antifungal medicines available today, and few candidates are in clinical trials. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Rapid and sensitive diagnostic techniques are lacking for most fungal pathogens, and those that do exist are expensive or hard to obtain. Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a novel automated antifungal susceptibility testing system, Fungus AST, in comparison to the broth microdilution method (BMD) recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438313/fluconazole-resistant-candida-parapsilosis-genotypes-from-hospitals-located-in-five-spanish-cities-and-one-in-italy-description-of-azole-resistance-profiles-associated-with-the-y132f-erg11p-substitution
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aina Mesquida, Eva Alcoceba, Eduardo Padilla, Aída Ramírez, Paloma Merino, Fernando González-Romo, Elena De Carolis, Maurizio Sanguinetti, María de Los Ángeles Mantecón-Vallejo, María Muñoz-Algarra, Teresa Durán-Valle, Ana Pérez-Ayala, Elia Gómez-García-de-la-Pedrosa, María Del Carmen Martínez-Jiménez, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Castellano, Inmaculada Quiles-Melero, María Soledad Cuétara, Aída Sánchez-García, Patricia Muñoz, Pilar Escribano, Jesús Guinea
BACKGROUND: Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis is a matter of concern. OBJECTIVES: To describe fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis genotypes circulating across hospitals in Spain and Rome and to study their azole-resistance profile associated with ERG11p substitutions. PATIENTS/METHODS: We selected fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis isolates (n = 528 from 2019 to 2023; MIC ≥8 mg/L according to EUCAST) from patients admitted to 13 hospitals located in five Spanish cities and Rome...
March 2024: Mycoses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397912/antifungal-susceptibility-and-candida-sp-biofilm-production-in-clinical-isolates-of-hiv-positive-brazilian-patients-under-haart-therapy
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anelise Maria Costa Vasconcelos Alves, Érika Helena Salles de Brito, Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo, Juliana Jales de Hollanda Celestino, Ana Caroline Rocha de Melo Leite, Gabriela Silva Cruz, Nuno Filipe Azevedo, Célia Fortuna Rodrigues
The aim of the present study was to characterize biofilms formed by Candida spp. clinical isolates (n = 19), isolated from the oral mucosa of HIV-positive patients. For characterizing the biofilms formed by several Candida sp. strains, isolated from HIV-positive patients, in terms of formed biomass, matrix composition and antifungal susceptibility profile, clinical isolates (n = 19) were collected from oral mucosa and identified. The biofilm of the samples was cultured with fluconazole (1250 mg/L), voriconazole (800 mg/L), anidulafungin (2 mg/L) or amphotericin B (2 mg/L)...
January 29, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361959/onychomycosis-caused-by-dematiaceous-fungi-a-four-year-study-on-agricultural-workers-of-assam-india
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parismita Borgohain, Purnima Barua, Dipika Shaw, Lakhi Ram Saikia, Jagadish Mahanta, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Onychomycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi is rarely reported and the identification is also quite tricky due to poor sporulation. Recent emergence of dematiaceous fungi as a major cause of onychomycosis is a matter of concern in the field of mycology. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the dematiaceous fungi as a possible cause of onychomycosis, especially among agricultural workers. In addition, the evaluation of the antifungal susceptibility patterns led to the idea of an accurate drug that will help to treat and prevent antifungal resistance...
September 2023: Current Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38308518/molecular-epidemiology-and-antimicrobial-resistance-of-vaginal-candida-glabrata-isolates-in-namibia
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cara M Dunaiski, Marleen M Kock, Wai Yin Chan, Arshad Ismail, Remco P H Peters
Candida glabrata is the most common non-albicans Candida species that causes vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Given the intrinsically low susceptibility of C. glabrata to azole drugs, investigations into C. glabrata prevalence, fungal susceptibility profile, and molecular epidemiology are necessary to optimise the treatment of VVC. This molecular epidemiological study was conducted to determine antifungal drug profile, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with phenotypic antifungal resistance and epidemic diversity of C...
February 2, 2024: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38281934/treatment-of-candida-auris-during-extracorporeal-life-support-a-case-report
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul Dobry, Stephanie B Edwin, Tsz Hin Ng, Karey Dutcheshen, Amir Kaki, Theodore L Schreiber
With rates of ECMO utilization on the rise, prevention of nosocomial infections is of paramount importance. Candida auris , an emerging highly pathogenic multidrug resistant fungus, is of particular concern as it is associated with persistent colonization of environmental surfaces, inability to be recognized by many diagnostic platforms, inconsistent laboratory susceptibility results, and high mortality rates. We describe a case of C. auris in a VV-ECMO patient successfully managed with a combination of anidulafungin, amphotericin B, and flucytosine...
January 28, 2024: International Journal of Artificial Organs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276031/associations-between-genomic-variants-and-antifungal-susceptibilities-in-the-archived-global-candida-auris-population
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Wang, Jianping Xu
Candida auris is a recently emerged human fungal pathogen that has posed a significant threat to public health. Since its first identification in 2009, this fungus has caused nosocomial infections in over 47 countries across all inhabited continents. As of May 2023, the whole-genome sequences of over 4000 strains have been reported and a diversity of mutations, including in genes known to be associated with drug resistance in other human fungal pathogens, have been described. Among them, 387 strains contained antifungal-susceptibility information for which different methods might be used depending on the drugs and/or investigators...
January 22, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38271946/-acute-cholangitis-due-to-candida-glabrata-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae
#11
María Vanesa Durán, Romina V Viceconte, Ayelén La Torre
Acute cholangitis is a bile duct infection associated with bile duct obstruction. Bile culture is positive in most cases, and the most frequent etiological agent is Escherichia coli. Candida sp acute cholangitis is a rare finding, which is more common in patients with immunosuppression, use of corticosteroids, prolonged antibiotic treatment or surgical procedures of the bile duct. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman with none of the above-mentioned history who consulted for fever, abdominal pain and jaundice...
2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38232343/species-distribution-and-antifungal-susceptibility-profiles-of-clinical-and-environmental-fusarium-isolates-from-mexico-a-multicenter-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra M Montoya, Joan E Rodríguez-Grimaldo, Luis Esaú López-Jácome, Alexandro Bonifaz, Erika Enríquez-Domínguez, Laura R Castañón-Olivares, Claudia Lisette Charles-Niño, Armando Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Rogelio de J Treviño-Rangel, Olga C Rojas, Gloria M González
Fusarium spp. has emerged as an opportunistic etiological agent with clinical manifestations varying from localized infections to deep-seated systemic disease. It is also a phytopathogen of economic impact. There are few reports on the species diversity of this genus, and no comprehensive studies on the epidemiology nor the antifungal susceptibility of Fusarium in Mexico. The present multicentric study aims to shed light on the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of 116 strains of Fusarium isolated from clinical and environmental samples...
January 17, 2024: Mycologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38206004/-in-vitro-activity-of-ibrexafungerp-against-clinically-relevant-echinocandin-resistant-candida-strains
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Maximilian Aldejohann, Carolina Menner, Nadja Thielemann, Ronny Martin, Grit Walther, Oliver Kurzai
Invasive candidiasis is a major hospital-acquired infection. Usually, echinocandins are considered first-line treatment. However, resistant phenotypes have emerged. Ibrexafungerp (IBX) is a new antifungal substance with potent anti- Candida activity. We challenged IBX with a library of 192 pheno-/genotypically echinocandin-resistant Candida isolates, focusing on the substance susceptibility, its activity on certain FKS hotspot (HS) mutated strains, and applying WTULs (wild-type upper limits). Therefore, a 9-year-old strain and patient data collection provided by the German National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections were analyzed...
January 11, 2024: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38196099/infection-and-prophylaxis-during-normothermic-liver-perfusion-audit-of-incidence-and-pharmacokinetics-of-antimicrobial-therapy
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saeed Qureshi, Heather Elliott, Alan Noel, Lisa Swift, Corrina Fear, Rachel Webster, Nicholas M Brown, Rohit Gaurav, Andrew J Butler, Christopher J E Watson
BACKGROUND: Ex situ normothermic liver perfusion (NMP) in a blood-based perfusate is associated with a risk of microbe growth, resulting in life-threatening posttransplant sepsis. Antibiotics are widely used, but the pharmacokinetics of these agents are unknown as is their efficacy. We wished to assess the perfusate concentrations of the meropenem and fluconazole that we use and to audit the incidence of infection with this antimicrobial therapy. METHODS: Fluconazole and meropenem (100 mg each) were added to the perfusate before NMP began, and serial samples were taken and assayed for drug concentrations...
January 10, 2024: Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38193333/a-self-assembling-peptide-inhibits-the-growth-and-function-of-fungi-via-a-wrapping-strategy
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gao-Feng Qi, Xin Cui, Xue-Feng Gong, Xu Cui, Huan-Ge Xu, Qi-Lin Liang, Kuo Zhang, Xiao-Ling Sha, Litao Li, Gui-Yuan Wang, Hong-Wen Liang, Lei Wang
Fungal infections contribute substantially to human morbidity and mortality. A particular concern is the high rate of mortality associated with invasive fungal infections, which often exceeds 50.0% despite the availability of several antifungal drugs. Herein, we show a self-assembling antifungal peptide (AFP), which is able to bind to chitin on the fungal cell wall and in situ form AFP nanofibers, wrapping fungi. As a result, AFP limits the proliferation of fungi, slows down the morphological transformation of biphasic fungi, and inhibits the adhesion of fungi to host cells and the formation of biofilms...
January 9, 2024: Biomaterials Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38174985/anidulafungin-levels-in-breast-milk-after-cessation-of-treatment-a-case-report
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Job F H Eijsink, André Wieringa, Marie-Therese L M Vries-Koenjer, Peter G J Ter Horst
Background: Anidulafungin has poor oral bioavailability, with hardly any available information on how it affects breast milk, oral absorption, or gastrointestinal side effects in the infant. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman who recently gave birth to a healthy infant was treated for a period of 14 days for a C andida glabrata with 100 mg anidulafungin once a day. The department of clinical pharmacy was consulted to provide advice on how long the patient had to wait after ceasing anidulafungin before it was safe to start breastfeeding, with regard to preventing possible side effects of the drug to the infant, such as diarrhea or cholestasis and increase in liver enzyme values...
January 4, 2024: Breastfeeding Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38161046/the-impact-of-extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation-on-antifungal-pharmacokinetics-a-systematic-review
#17
REVIEW
Ali Jendoubi, Claire Pressiat, Quentin De Roux, Anne Hulin, Bijan Ghaleh, Renaud Tissier, Matthias Kohlhauer, Nicolas Mongardon
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a cardiocirculatory or respiratory support has tremendously increased in critically ill patients. In the setting of ECMO support, invasive fungal infections are a severe cause of morbidity and mortality. This vulnerable population is at risk of suboptimal antifungal exposure due to an increased volume of distribution (Vd), drug sequestration and decreased clearance. Here, we aimed to summarize ex-vivo and clinical studies on the potential impact of ECMO on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antifungal agents and dosing requirements...
December 29, 2023: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38092562/trends-in-antifungal-resistance-in-candida-from-a-multicenter-study-conducted-in-madrid-candimad-study-fluconazole-resistant-c-parapsilosis-spreading-has-gained-traction-in-2022
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Judith Díaz-García, Marina Machado, Luis Alcalá, Elena Reigadas, Ana Pérez-Ayala, Elia Gómez-García de la Pedrosa, Fernando Gónzalez-Romo, María Soledad Cuétara, Coral García-Esteban, Inmaculada Quiles-Melero, Nelly Daniela Zurita, María Muñoz-Algarra, María Teresa Durán-Valle, Aida Sánchez-García, Patricia Muñoz, Pilar Escribano, Jesus Guinea
We previously conducted a multicenter surveillance study on Candida epidemiology and antifungal resistance in Madrid (CANDIMAD study; 2019-2021), detecting an increase in fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis . We here present data on isolates collected in 2022. Furthermore, we report the epidemiology and antifungal resistance trends during the entire period, including an analysis per ward of admission. Candida spp. incident isolates from blood cultures and intra-abdominal samples from patients cared for at 16 hospitals in Madrid, Spain, were tested with the EUCAST E...
November 15, 2023: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37998390/molecular-mechanisms-associated-with-antifungal-resistance-in-pathogenic-candida-species
#19
REVIEW
Karolina M Czajka, Krishnan Venkataraman, Danielle Brabant-Kirwan, Stacey A Santi, Chris Verschoor, Vasu D Appanna, Ravi Singh, Deborah P Saunders, Sujeenthar Tharmalingam
Candidiasis is a highly pervasive infection posing major health risks, especially for immunocompromised populations. Pathogenic Candida species have evolved intrinsic and acquired resistance to a variety of antifungal medications. The primary goal of this literature review is to summarize the molecular mechanisms associated with antifungal resistance in Candida species. Resistance can be conferred via gain-of-function mutations in target pathway genes or their transcriptional regulators. Therefore, an overview of the known gene mutations is presented for the following antifungals: azoles (fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole), echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin and micafungin), polyenes (amphotericin B and nystatin) and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC)...
November 19, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37974063/whole-genome-analysis-of-echinocandin-non-susceptible-candida-glabrata-clinical-isolates-a-multi-center-study-in-china
#20
MULTICENTER STUDY
Yi Li, Xin Hou, Ruoyu Li, Kang Liao, Ling Ma, Xiaoming Wang, Ping Ji, Haishen Kong, Yun Xia, Hui Ding, Wei Kang, Ge Zhang, Jin Li, Meng Xiao, Yingxing Li, Yingchun Xu
BACKGROUND: Candida glabrata is an important cause of invasive candidiasis. Echinocandins are the first-line treatment of invasive candidiasis caused by C. glabrata. The epidemiological echinocandin sensitivity requires long-term surveillance and the understanding about whole genome characteristics of echinocandin non-susceptible isolates was limited. RESULTS: The present study investigated the echinocandin susceptibility of 1650 C. glabrata clinical isolates in China from August 2014 to July 2019...
November 16, 2023: BMC Microbiology
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