dumping

Extreme acidosis is a life-threatening physiological state that thwarts resuscitative actions and most frequently ends in mortality. This report describes a case of a successful resuscitation in a patient who presented without vital signs, agonal respirations, dilated, unresponsive pupils, and an initial pH of 6.7. The patient is a 37-year-old man who was ejected from his package delivery vehicle after it was struck by a loaded dump truck. Resuscitative thoracotomy and other ATLS measures were performed to restore spontaneous circulation at 13 minutes after arrival...

INTRODUCTION: Post-bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) is a rare yet disabling clinical condition, mostly reported after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. RYGB is one of the most widely used and effective bariatric procedures. The pathophysiology of PBH remains unclear, and treatment options are limited in effectiveness and/or carry significant side effects. Acarbose slows carbohydrates digestion and absorption and is generally considered first-line pharmacological treatment for PBH but its gastrointestinal side effects limit patient compliance...

BACKGROUND: Within South Africa, many low-income communities lack reliable waste management services. Within these contexts, absorbent hygiene product (AHP) waste, including nappies (diapers), are not recycled, and are often dumped, ending up in watercourses and polluting the local environment. The structural barriers to collection which have been well explored, however the behavioural determinants of safe disposal for AHPs remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to determine the psycho-social factors driving AHP disposal behaviour for caregivers, while identifying potential underlying mechanisms (such as mental health), which may be influencing disposal behaviour, with the intention of informing a future, contextually appropriate and sustainable, collection system...

Mining activities are increasingly recognized for contributing to nitrogen (N) pollution and possibly also to emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2 O) due to undetonated, N-based explosives. A woodchip denitrifying bioreactor, installed to treat nitrate-rich leachate from waste rock dumps in northern Sweden, was monitored for two years to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of microbial communities, including the genetic potential for different N transformation processes, in pore water and woodchips and how this related to reactor N removal capacity...

In Africa, Morocco is the 10th largest producer of plastic. The severity of this plastic has attracted increasing amounts of attention in the Moroccan Atlantic and Mediterranean in recent years. However, at the national level, there is limited knowledge of plastic pollution. To obtain an exhaustive and comprehensive evaluation of plastic pollution levels in Morocco, large-scale monitoring is needed on all the coasts of the country. In this context, this paper examined the composition, abundance, distribution, source and quality of beaches on two Moroccan coasts using four beach quality indices along 29 beaches...

One of the main causes of contaminated groundwater in emerging nations is improper trash disposal in urban areas, which affects the level of groundwater contamination caused by contaminants of municipal solid waste (MSW) origin within the three local government headquarters in Akwa Ibom State, southeastern Nigeria. The main thrust of this research survey is to assess the level of groundwater contaminations and their consequences. The research used statistical data generated from the Electrical Resistivity Survey (ERS) in combination with hydrogeochemical investigations...

Natural stones have been utilized to meet various needs of human civilization since ancient times. The exploitation of any resource is associated with the production of redundant materials called wastes. Sandstone waste (SW) is one such waste obtained during the industrial processing of sandstones. Due to its siliceous composition, extensive yield, and disorganized dumping, noxious conditions related to land and human health are promoted. However, the lack of comprehensive engineering studies, mineralogical analysis, and design methodologies associated with the utilization of sandstone processing wastes restricted their applicability only to fillers or partial substitutes with pozzolans and traditional cement in meager volumes...

The double wedges sliding along the weak layer of the foundation can be observed on the slope of the waste dump and the sliding body is divided into the active wedge and passive wedge by the weak foundation and the failure surfaces of the waste dump. Because the conventional limit equilibrium slice method cannot reflect the polygonal slip surface of the slope of the waste dump with weak foundation, this study proposed a double wedge calculation method for the slope of the waste dump with weak foundation. The limit equilibrium analysis is performed on double wedges by considering the direction and values of the interaction force between double wedges to obtain the safety factor of the slope of the waste dump...

Drosophila has been used as an animal model to study pathogenic mechanism of neurological disorders. Thymidylate kinase (TMPK) is an essential enzyme in dTTP synthesis catalyzing the phosphorylation of dTMP to dTDP. Loss of function mutations in the DTYMK gene, coding for TMPK, cause severe microcephaly in human patients. In this study, Drosophila melanogaster TMPK (DmTMPK) was cloned, expressed, purified and characterized. Unlike human TMPK, DmTMPK phosphorylated not only dTMP and dUMP but also dGMP and dIMP although with low efficiency...

This study is a comprehensive assessment of the waste management system in Besisahar municipality. Information and some data have been collected from the municipality of Besisahar, followed by interviews with municipal officials responsible for waste management, stakeholders, waste workers, and residents. A total of 230 households, 20 schools, 10 government and private offices, 10 financial institutions, 60 commercial hotels, restaurants, and shops, and 20 medical shops and healthcare institutions, were selected in this study by random sampling...

Long-term occupation of coal gangue dumping sites (CGDS) may destroy ecological environment of nearby area. However, how the CGDS affects the distribution pattern of soil seed banks and vegetation in the nearby area is not clear. In this study, we investigated soil seed bank and vegetation at different distances from the second CGDS of Yangchangwan in Ningdong mining area, Lingwu, Ningxia. The results showed that soil seed bank was mainly distributed in 0-10 cm layer and decreased with increasing soil depth...

Same-sex sexual behavior occurs in diverse animal taxa, yet its evolutionary maintenance is poorly understood as such behavior seems to be costly and does not directly increase reproductive success. We used male Tribolium castaneum beetles, which frequently engage in same-sex copulations, to test if same-sex sexual behavior influences future male mating behavior and reproductive success of males. Furthermore, we tested whether same-sex sexual behavior has benefits via indirect sperm translocation. We conducted a series of mating trials demonstrating that males exposed to same-sex behavior did not sire less offspring compared to control males that did not engage in same-sex behavior...

Open dumping is the prevailing municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal technique in India. Unsanitary landfill releases leachate that contaminates valuable groundwater. Hence, the present study was carried out in the vicinity of the Saduperi open dumpsite, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, to explore the key factors that influences groundwater contamination. A total of 216 groundwater samples were collected between May 2021 and April 2022. These samples were categorised into four different seasons such as summer, southwest monsoon (SWM), northeast monsoon (NEM), and winter...

We investigated the polarity dependence of a capacitive energy management circuit in a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) power system. In a half-wave rectifying circuit, the Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis and analytical models show that the charge dump to the load varied depending on the polarity of the rectifying circuit even with the same charge output from TENG. Depending on the polarity of the rectifying circuit, a fast saturation of the direct current (DC) output voltage or a high DC output voltage was obtained...

In India, majority of the generated municipal solid waste (MSW) was dumped in poorly managed landfills and dumpsites over the past decades and is an environmental and health hazard. Landfill mining is a promising solution to reclaim these sites along with the recovery of resources (materials and energy). During landfill mining operations, the combustible fraction is one of the major components recovered and needs proper management for maximizing resource recovery. For the identification of appropriate resource recovery options, knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics is required...

Metal mining in the Extremadura region was very important in the 19th and 20th centuries. However, due to different reasons the great majority of mines ceased operations, leading to plenty of abandoned mining sites, most of them with on-site waste dumps. Although metal extraction is not radioactive per se, it is considered a NORM activity. In this study, three former mining sites, in which Pb-V-Zn-Ag, Pb-Ag, and Pb-Zn were extracted, were selected to assess the radiological impact on the population and the environment...

Objective: This review explores the ethico-cultural and implementation challenges associated with the individual-based informed consent (IC) model in the relatively collectivistic African context and examines suggested approaches to manage them. Methods: We searched four databases for peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2000 to 2023 that examined the ethico-cultural and implementation challenges associated with the IC model in Africa. Results: Findings suggest that the individual-based IC model largely misaligns with certain African social values and ethos and subverts the authority and functions of community gatekeepers...

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Microplastic (MP) pollution is a significant worldwide environmental and health challenge. Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be an important source of MPs in the environment if treated and disposed of inappropriately, causing potential ecological risks. MSW treatment and disposal methods have been gradually shifting from landfilling/dumping to more sustainable approaches, such as incineration or composting. However, previous studies on MP characteristics in different MSW treatment and disposal systems have mainly focused either on landfills/dumpsites or composts...

Advances in industrial and technological innovations have led to significant socio-economic benefits, but with overwhelming negative impacts on the environment. These impacts include the infiltration of organic contaminants into soil, water, and air, posing a threat to the environment and public health. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are increasingly released as waste, endangering the environment. In countries like Ghana, where regulations are weakly enforced, industrial waste is released uncontrollably, posing threats to public health, environmental integrity, and food systems...