Infective

BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis poses a critical healthcare concern, as multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) infections are on the rise. Understanding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and underlying resistance mechanism is crucial for effective treatment. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of K. pneumoniae strains responsible for neonatal sepsis using in silico tools. We sought to identify trends and explore reasons for varying resistance levels, particularly for β-lactams and fluoroquinolone...

BACKGROUND: Herbaspirillum species are nonfermenting, aerobic, helical or curved, Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the class Betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales. To date, only a few studies have reported on the epidemiology, clinical symptoms, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, treatment and outcomes of Herbaspirillum huttiense-related infections in pediatric patients. METHODS: The aim of this study was to present 3 years of H.Huntiense data, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, systemic antibiotics and antibiotic lock therapy (ALT) options and clinical outcomes...

With their unusually large genome and particle sizes, giant viruses (GVs) defy the conventional definition of viruses. Although most GVs isolated infect unicellular protozoans, such as amoeba, studies in the last decade have established their much wider prevalence infecting most eukaryotic supergroups and some giant viral families with the potential to be human pathogens. Their complexity, almost autonomous life cycle, and enigmatic evolution necessitate the study of GVs. The accurate assessment of GV proteome is a veritable challenge...

Background: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic protozoan infection which is endemic in parts of Europe. Dogs are commonly affected by Leishmania infantum and are regarded as the main reservoir for humans' infection. Sporadic human cases are reported annually, mainly from the endemic south part of Bulgaria. However, no recent data on canine leishmaniasis geographical distribution in Bulgaria have been published. The aim of this study was to investigate the current seroprevalence rate of L. infantum in stray dogs from areas where this infection was not previously reported...

As the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to spread and mutate, it remains important to focus not only on preventing spread through vaccination but also on treating infection with direct-acting antivirals (DAA). The approval of Paxlovid, a SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro ) DAA, has been significant for treatment of patients. A limitation of this DAA, however, is that the antiviral component, nirmatrelvir, is rapidly metabolized and requires inclusion of a CYP450 3A4 metabolic inhibitor, ritonavir, to boost levels of the active drug...

Background Patients presenting with dental pain are common in general practice, despite dental infections being most appropriately managed with dental treatment to address the cause of the infection. Although antibiotics are not appropriate for the management of localised toothache without signs of systemic spread, general practitioners (GPs) often prescribe antibiotics and analgesics for the management of dental pain. The aim of this study was to explore GPs' perceptions and management of dental presentations in Australia...

The neurological manifestations and complications of the acute phase of COVID-19 are numerous. They mainly concern the central nervous system in the frequent forms of encephalopathy, encephalitis and neurovascular pathologies. Peripheral neurological manifestations mainly include acute polyneuropathies such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and intensive care neuromyopathies. Most of these manifestations were described during the first wave of the pandemic. The epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects are addressed in this general review of the literature published from 2020 to early 2023...

The ongoing global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as COVID-19, has disrupted public health, businesses, and economies worldwide due to its widespread transmission. While previous research has suggested a possible link between environmental factors and increased COVID-19 cases, the evidence regarding this connection remains inconclusive. The purpose of this research is to determine whether or not there is a connection between the presence of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and meteorological conditions and COVID-19 infection rates in Bangkok, Thailand...

The spread of COVID-19 greatly restricted physical and economic activities in global cities due to growing fears of infection and lockdown policies. Accordingly, the transfer of shopping activities from traditional markets to e-commerce has accelerated. Urban retail has substantially declined by competing with these disrupting factors, but resilience capabilities are known to vary by scale and regional characteristics. This study identifies which types of retail clusters were more resilient to the economic shock caused by the pandemic...

Despite the fact that the WHO recommends that adults over the age of 18 have to receive a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The willingness and intention to accept a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine remain major issues among the general population, particularly patients with comorbid disease conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the patterns regarding COVID-19 infection and vaccination, along with the intention and hesitancy to receive a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with comorbid disease conditions in Istanbul, Türkiye...

BACKGROUND: Maternal infection by SARS-CoV-2 may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and causes pathological changes in the placenta. However, consensus regarding characteristic pathological features is lacking. Researchof the placental histopathology in a cohort of women from Mizoram, India, was conducted to relate the SARS-CoV-2 infection's effectswith pregnancy and its outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The characteristics of 72 pregnant women diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2 who eventually delivered at Zoram Medical College Hospital, Mizoram, neonates' well-being, and histopathological features of placentas were studied...

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The spread of respiratory diseases has gained significant attention since the detection and rapid global spread of COVID-19. Respiratory viruses are commonly transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes onto a surface, infecting persons who subsequently contact this surface. For this reason, developing surfaces with inherent antipathogenic properties is crucially needed for controlling the spread of deadly pathogens. Recent studies have established the antipathogenic potential of hydrothermally synthesised titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanostructured surfaces against bacteria strains (Gram-positive and negative) and several respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, HRV-16 and HCoV-NL63...

With the outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2, many countries have faced problems because of their available hospital capacity. Health systems must be prepared to restructure their facilities and meet the requirements of the pandemic while keeping their services and specialties active. This process, known as hospital reconversion, contributes to minimizing the risk of contagion between hospital staff and patients and optimizing the efficient treatment and disposal of healthcare wastes that represent a risk of nosocomial infection contagion...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predilection for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors allows its entrance and replication; however, they are not biochemically required for viral fusion into the cell membrane. Testicular tissue has abundant ACE2 receptors, making it a target for the COVID-19 virus. Seminal fluid parameters are measures of male fertility. Changes in semen parameters have been caused by coronavirus disease and vaccines. Some attribute that effect to direct hematogenic spread to the testis; others propose that the excessive immunological response triggered by the infection causes a deleterious effect...

With the emergence of new mutant corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) strains such as Delta and Omicron, the number of infected people in various countries has reached a new high. Accurate prediction of the number of infected people is of far-reaching sig Nificance to epidemiological prevention in all countries of the world. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of COVID-19 daily new case data, a new hybrid prediction model of COVID-19 is proposed, which consists of four modules: decomposition, complexity judgment, prediction and error correction...

BACKGROUND: : During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) have faced a heightened risk of infection. Preventative measures are critical to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and protect HCWs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been recommended to prevent and treat COVID-19 in China. We conducted this survey to investigate the use of infection control behaviors, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among HCWs during the surge of Omicron variant infections to explore the association of preventative measures with outcomes and to investigate the factors influencing the adoption of TCM as a preventative measure...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which was first discovered in Wuhan, China. The disease has grown into a global pandemic causing mild to moderate symptoms in most people. The disease can also exhibit serious illnesses, especially for patients with other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer. In such cases of severe illness, high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) has been used to provide oxygenation to COVID-19 patients...

STUDY DESIGN: Interrupted time series analysis of a retrospective, electronic health record cohort. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between the implementation of Medicare's sepsis reporting measure (SEP-1) and sepsis diagnosis rates as assessed in clinical documentation. BACKGROUND: The role of health policy in the effort to improve sepsis diagnosis remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adult patients hospitalized with suspected infection and organ dysfunction within 6 hours of presentation to the emergency department, admitted to one of 11 hospitals in a multi-hospital health system from January 2013 to December 2017...

The COVID-19 green certificates were introduced in many countries in 2021 to encourage vaccine uptake against the COVID-19 virus in order to reduce the spread of severe infection among the population, ensure the safety of cross-border movements, and facilitate the resumption of social life and economic activities. This study uses a single-group interrupted time series approach to examine the effect of the green certificate announcement on the first doses of the COVID-19 vaccine in 20 Italian and 18 French regions during the summer of 2021...