Hall power

BACKGROUND: Respiration is a crucial determinant of autonomic balance and heart rate variability (HRV). The comparative effect of spontaneous versus paced breathing on HRV has been almost exclusively explored in healthy adults and never been investigated in an injured military cohort. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of spontaneous versus paced breathing on HRV in veterans with combat-related traumatic injury (CRTI). DESIGN: Observational cohort study...

Single-layer half-metal magnets offer exciting scope in spin electronic quantum applications owing to improved spin transport, reduced interfacial resistance and streamlined device fabrication. Herein, we report the emergence of sign-flipping intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) as a result of changes in Berry curvature under an external electric field and half metallicity in a lateral heterostructure composed of centrosymmetric metallic monolayers 1T-NbSe2 and 1T-VSe2 . The metallic monolayers 1T-NbSe2 and 1T-VSe2 laterally interfaced along the zigzag orientation break inversion symmetry at the interface and result in distinctive Berry curvature features...

The recognized importance of microsatellite instability (MSI) in cancer has evolved considerably in the past 30 years. From its beginnings as a molecular predictor for Lynch syndrome, MSI first transitioned to a universal screening test in all colorectal and endometrial cancers, substantially increasing the identification of patients with Lynch syndrome among cancer patients. More recently, MSI has been shown to be a powerful biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy across a diversity of tumor types, and in 2017 was granted Food and Drug Administration approval as the first tumor histology-agnostic biomarker for a cancer therapy...

In a cooling system for radio astronomy receivers, maintaining cold heads and compressors is essential for consistent performance. This project focuses on monitoring the power currents of the cold head's motor to address potential mechanical deterioration, which could jeopardize the overall functionality of the system. Using Hall effect sensors, a microcontroller-based electronic board, and artificial intelligence, the system detects and predicts anomalies. The model operates using an unsupervised approach based on incremental clustering...

Topological boundary modes in electronic and classical-wave systems exhibit fascinating properties. In photonics, topological nature of boundary modes can make them robust and endows them with an additional internal structure-pseudo-spins. Here, we introduce heterogeneous boundary modes, which are based on mixing two of the most widely used topological photonics platforms-the pseudo-spin-Hall-like and valley-Hall photonic topological insulators. We predict and confirm experimentally that transformation between the two, realized by altering the lattice geometry, enables a continuum of boundary states carrying both pseudo-spin and valley degrees of freedom (DoFs)...

We explore the nonlinear interactions of an optomechanical microresonator driven by two external optical signals. Optical whispering-gallery waves are coupled to acoustic surface waves of a fused silica medium in the equatorial plane of a generic microresonator. The system exhibits coexisting attractors whose behaviors include limit cycles, steady states, tori, quasi-chaos, and fully developed chaos with ghost orbits of a known attractor. Bifurcation diagrams demonstrate the existence of self-similarity, periodic windows, and coexisting attractors and show high-density lines within chaos that suggests a potential ghost orbit...

The intrinsic low electrical properties have hindered the enhancement of thermoelectric performance for n-type PbTe over a long period of time, primarily due to the generation of intrinsic Pb vacancies and other defects. In this work, PbTe samples with nonstoichiometric excess Pb atoms were successfully prepared by a melting reaction followed by spark plasma sintering. First, the introduction of precisely controlled excess Pb atoms has effectively eliminated the typical p-n transition phenomenon in PbTe systems by suppressing the generation of Pb vacancies...

Two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) materials are widely used in spin-orbit torque (SOT) devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the low crystal symmetry and large spin Hall conductivity of 2D vdW ZrSe3 , indicating its potential applications in low-power SOT devices. Here, we study the interfacial contribution of SOTs and current-induced magnetization switching in the ZrSe3 /Py (Ni80 Fe20 ) and ZrSe3 /Cu/Py heterostructures. SOT efficiencies of samples are detected by the spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR), and out-of-plane damping-like torque (τB ) is observed...

BACKGROUND: Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia (iMGL) represent an excellent tool in studying microglial function in health and disease. Yet, since differentiation and survival of iMGL are highly reliant on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling, it is difficult to use iMGL to study microglial dysfunction associated with pathogenic defects in CSF1R. METHODS: Serial modifications to an existing iMGL protocol were made, including but not limited to changes in growth factor combination to drive microglial differentiation, until successful derivation of microglia-like cells from an adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) patient carrying a c...

Up-to-date network telemetry is the key enabler for resource optimization by capacity scaling, fault recovery, and network reconfiguration among other means. Reliable optical performance monitoring in general and, specifically, the monitoring of the spectral profile of WDM signals in fixed- and flex- grid architectures across the entire C-band, remains challenging. This article describes a two-stage spectrometer architecture amenable to integration on a single chip that can measure quantitatively the spectrum across the entire C-band with a resolution of ∼ 1...

Doping is a crucial strategy to enhance the performance of various organic electronic devices. However, in many cases, the random distribution of dopants in conjugated polymers leads to the disruption of the polymer microstructure, severely constraining the achievable performance of electronic devices. Here, we show that by ion-exchange doping polythiophene-based P[(3HT)1-x -stat-(T)x ] (x = 0 (P1), 0.12 (P2), 0.24 (P3), and 0.36 (P4)), remarkably high electrical conductivity of > 400 S cm-1 and power factor of >16 μW m-1 K-2 were achieved for the random copolymer P3, ranking it among highest ever reported for unaligned P3HT-based films, significantly higher than that of P1(< 40 S cm-1, < 4 μW m-1 K-2 )...

INTRODUCTION: High fluid temperatures have been seen in both in vitro and in vivo studies with laser lithotripsy, yet the thermal distribution within the renal parenchyma has not been well characterized. Additionally, the heat-sink effect of vascular perfusion remains uncertain. Our objectives were twofold: first, to measure renal tissue temperatures in response to laser activation in a calyx, and second, to assess the effect of vascular perfusion on renal tissue temperatures. METHODS: Ureteroscopy was performed in three porcine subjects with a prototype ureteroscope containing a temperature sensor at its tip...

Bismuth sulfide (Bi2 S3 ) exhibits a direct energy bandgap and an exceptional optical absorption capability over a broadband radiation, thus presents a novel class of 2D photodetector material. The field effect transistor (FET) photodetector device is fabricated from 2D Bi2 S3 . An anomalous variation in the transport characteristics of 2D Bi2 S3 is observed with the variation in temperature. The electrical resistance reduces by 99.26% at 10 K compared to the response at 300 K. Defects due to the bismuth and sulfur vacancies play a critical role in the dramatic behavior, which is confirmed using photoluminescence, time-resolved photoluminescence, Hall measurements, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...

The first-generation Molecular Microscope® (MMDx) system for heart transplant endomyocardial biopsies used expression of rejection-associated transcripts (RATs) to diagnose T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) and antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) but also detected acute injury. However, the ideal system should detect rejection without being influenced by injury, to permit analysis of the relationship between rejection and parenchymal injury. To achieve this, we developed a new rejection classification in an expanded cohort of 3230 biopsies: 1641 from INTERHEART (ClinicalTrials...

Physical reservoir computing is a promising way to develop efficient artificial intelligence using physical devices exhibiting nonlinear dynamics. Although magnetic materials have advantages in miniaturization, the need for a magnetic field and large electric current results in high electric power consumption and a complex device structure. To resolve these issues, we propose a redox-based physical reservoir utilizing the planar Hall effect and anisotropic magnetoresistance, which are phenomena described by different nonlinear functions of the magnetization vector that do not need a magnetic field to be applied...

By utilizing Field Programmable Gate Arrays in a configuration similar to that of the Mirror Langmuir Probe, it is possible to bias a single probe at three precise voltages in sequence. These voltages can be dynamically adjusted in real-time based on the measured plasma electron temperature to ensure the transition region is always sampled. The first results have been obtained by employing this method and have generated real-time outputs of electron temperature, ion saturation current, and floating potential on a low temperature pulsed-DC magnetron at 500 kHz...

Although there have been momentous and critical advancements in serious mental illness (SMI) psychology doctoral training models and competencies, there is still much systemic change needed to increase access to evidence-based SMI training for psychologists. In the last decade, there has been little to no growth or expansion of SMI training opportunities in clinical psychology doctoral programs in the United States, and psychologists are underrepresented in serving clients with SMI. As trainees and trainers committed to careers in SMI, the contributors aimed to identify barriers and facilitators throughout each stage of the SMI doctoral training pathway, including pregraduate school, graduate school, and internship to reflect critically on systemic issues that have impeded trainees from accessing the appropriate tools for SMI training...

Aseptic loosening is the dominant failure mechanism in contemporary knee replacement surgery, but diagnostic techniques are poorly sensitive to the early stages of loosening and poorly specific in delineating aseptic cases from infections. Smart implants have been proposed as a solution, but incorporating components for sensing, powering, processing, and communication increases device cost, size, and risk; hence, minimising onboard instrumentation is desirable. In this study, two wireless, battery-free smart implants were developed that used passive biotelemetry to measure fixation at the implant-cement interface of the tibial components...

In this study, we have improved the power factor of conductive polymer nanocomposites by combining layer-by-layer assembly with electrochemical deposition to produce flexible thermoelectric materials based on PEDOT/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-films. To produce films based on CNTs and PEDOT, a dual approach has been employed: (i) the layer-by-layer method has been utilized for constructing the CNTs layer and (ii) electrochemical polymerization has been used in the synthesis of the conducting polymer. Moreover, the thermoelectric properties were optimized by controlling the experimental conditions including the number of deposition cycles and electropolymerizing time...

BACKGROUND: Fathers of children and youth with special healthcare needs (FCYSHCN) are an overlooked population at risk for chronic stress. Mind-body practices offer a patient-centered approach to foster coping and resiliency, yet low engagement from fathers in existing programs suggests adaptation is needed. This multiphase study examines the feasibility of a synchronous, virtual mind-body intervention adapted for FCYSHCN. METHODS: 31 FCYSHCN were recruited online via community partners and recruitment portals in an academic medical center in Boston, MA...