Manual

Healthcare chaplains address broad social and emotional dimensions of care within a pluralistic religious landscape. Although the development and evaluation of chaplaincy interventions has advanced the field, little research has investigated factors influencing the implementation of new chaplain interventions. In this mixed-method study, we examined attitudes about evidence-based interventions held by chaplain residents (n = 39) at the outset of an ACPE-accredited residency program in the southeast United States...

BACKGROUND: Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers an approach to predictive modeling. The model learns to determine specific patterns of undesirable outcomes in a dataset. Therefore, a decision-making algorithm can be built based on these patterns to prevent negative results. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the usefulness of AI in breast reconstruction. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in August 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Multi-disciplinary Meetings (MDM) play a crucial role in complex patient care, involving input from various specialties to formulate evidence-based management plans. However, traditional unidirectional approaches and reliance on manual processes have led to inefficiencies in the MDM pathway. AIMS: This study identified and aimed to improve four critical moments where Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) could enhance the MDM process. Initial referral, information synthesis, meeting presentation and the creation of actionable/auditable items...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate multiphase computed tomography (CT) radiomics-based combined with clinical factors to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected from 114 patients with primary BLCA from February 2016 to February 2018. The regions of interest (ROIs) of the plain, arterial, and venous phase images were manually segmented...

OBJECTIVES: We systematically reviewed the reliability and measurement error of exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) in pain-free adults and in adults with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain. METHODS: We searched EMBASE, PUBMED, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and PSYCINFO from inception to November 2021 (updated in February 2024). In addition, manual searches of the grey literature were conducted in March 2022, September 2023, and February 2024. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adults - pain-free and with MSK pain - a single bout of exercise (any type) combined with experimental pre-post pain tests, and assessment of the reliability and/or measurement error of EIH...

Gaudiani et al. (2022) presented terminal anorexia nervosa (T-AN) as a potential new specifier to the anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis, with criteria including (a) AN diagnosis, (b) age > 30 years, (c) previously participated in high-quality care, and (d) the clear, consistent determination by a patient with decision-making capacity that additional treatment would be futile, knowing death will result. This study's purpose was to empirically examine a subgroup of participants with AN who met the first three criteria of T-AN-and a smaller subset who also met a proxy index of the fourth criterion involving death (TD-AN)-and compare them to an adult "not terminal" anorexia nervosa (NT-AN) group and to a "not terminal" subset 30 years of age or older (NTO-AN)...

BACKGROUND: In newborns, elevated nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) levels can be associated with enhanced erythropoietic stress and might be predictive for adverse outcome. Also, the presence of NRBC in peripheral blood might lead to erroneous enumeration results of white blood cells in automated hematology analyzers. We aimed to assess the comparability of the Sysmex XN 1000 to manual slide reviews and correlation of NRBC with inflammation markers. METHODS: Specimens of 3397 children under 1 year were compared by automated and microscopic NRBC enumeration...

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of Mulligan thoracic sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) techniques and traditional exercises on pain, shoulder function, size of sub-acromial space, and shoulder joint range in patients with sub-acromial impingement syndrome. METHODS: Seventy-four patients with sub-acromial impingement syndrome (25 to 40 years) joined this research and were allocated randomly into two equal groups; experimental group A (Mulligan SNAGS and exercise) and control group B (exercise only)...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the current use and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms for analyzing cataract surgery videos. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature about intra-operative analysis of cataract surgery videos with machine learning techniques was performed. Cataract diagnosis and detection algorithms were excluded. Resulting algorithms were compared, descriptively analyzed, and metrics summarized or visually reported...

Recent regulatory reforms have favored expedited drug marketing and increased reliance on Phase IV clinical trials for safety and efficacy assurance. This study, utilizing ClinicalTrials.gov, assesses the characteristics of Phase IV trials, with at least one site in Canada, examing those funded by industry sponsors and those lacking industry funding. Additionally, it compares the publication status of industry-funded and non-industry-funded trials through a manual review of the medical literature. Between 2000 and 2022, 864 Phase IV trials were completed, with 480 (55...

About half the U.S. adult population suffers from chronic neuromusculoskeletal pain. While its evaluation and treatment are widely addressed by therapies using soft tissue manipulation (STM), their efficacy is based upon clinician judgment. Robust biomarkers are needed to quantify the effects of STM on patient outcomes. Among noninvasive methods to quantify the mechanics of myofascial tissue, most are limited to small (<10 mm2 ), localized regions of interest. In contrast, we develop an approach to optically simultaneously measure a larger (~100 cm2 ) field of deformation at the skin surface...

BACKGROUND:  Early identification of patients at higher risk of death and hospital admission is an important problem in Emergency Departments (ED). Most triage scales were developed before current electronic healthcare records were developed. The implementation of a national Emergency Care Data Set (ECDS) allows for the standardised recording of presenting complaints and the use of Electronic Patient Records (EPR) offers the potential for automated triage. The mortality risk and need for hospital admission associated with the different presenting complaints in a standardised national data set has not been previously reported...

This scoping review investigated the evidence on the three-dimensional analysis of a posed smile in adults to discover any research gaps in this research area. Electronic searches of articles written in English were performed using the four databases of Embase, PubMed, Springer, and Web of Science with publications from 2010 to 2023. Reference lists were also manually searched to identify additional studies. The results showed that 13 cross-sectional descriptive studies from Asia, Europe, North and South America met our inclusion criteria...

In this work, we present a pair of tools to improve the fiducial tracking and reconstruction quality of cryo-scanning transmission electron tomography (STET) datasets. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of these two tools on experimental cryo-STET data. The first tool, GoldDigger, improves the tracking of fiducials in cryo-STET by accommodating the changed appearance of highly defocussed fiducial markers. Since defocus effects are much stronger in scanning transmission electron microscopy than in conventional transmission electron microscopy, existing alignment tools do not perform well without manual intervention...

BACKGROUND: Insects represent one of the most diverse groups in the organism world with extremely rich species and morphological diversity, playing important roles in natural and city ecosystems. Regional compilation of insect species lists helps to clarify the richness of insect species in a region, enhances our understanding the structure and function of a local ecosystem and promotes the protection and development of insect resources. Moreover, it also serves as a valuable reference for cities with small area, large population and high urbanisation like Macao...

This study aimed to establish the relationship between the appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI), assessed from anthropometric variables, and the physical function of older people. Seventy-six older people participated in this study (72.03 ± 7.03 years). The participants underwent evaluations to determine their AMMI using anthropometry (weight, calf circumference, hip circumference, and knee height) and manual grip strength. Additionally, their physical function was evaluated using the 5-chair stand test, the 3-meter walk test, and the timed up and go test (TUG) to determine the strength of the lower limbs, the gait speed, and the dynamic balance, respectively...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at culturally adapting, validating, and standardizing the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3) by implementing a nation-wide cross-sectional methodological study in order to provide a valid and reliable tool for determining the developmental status of Iranian children. MATERIALS & METHODS: This cross-sectional and methodological study was conducted on Iranian children between 1-66 months. The ASQ-3 tool was translated; following that, its face and content validity, as well as the cross-cultural adaptation were assessed by 51 specialists and experts in the field of pediatrics and child development...

OBJECTIVES: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obesity are major pediatric public health problems. The present study aimed to examine the association between these two health parties in our pediatric populations. MATERIALS & METHODS: This study is a single group retrospective cohort study about Body Mass Index (BMI) changes in 149 children and adolescents between 3-18 years old with a diagnosis of ADHD based on one child and adolescent psychiatrist interview according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition criteria (DSM-IV-TR)...

BACKGROUND: The developmental size of the cervical spinal canal varies considerably. Neural compression and injury are more likely with a developmentally small spinal canal. This study was designed to develop a population reference range for developmental cervical spinal canal size for the Hong Kong population. METHODS: Prospective study of 522 ambulatory patients (256 males, 266 females, mean age 55±18 years; range, 20-89 years) who underwent computed tomography (CT) neck examinations...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of prospectively accrued data. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a large, prospective, multicentre dataset of surgically-treated DCM cases on the contemporary risk of C5 palsy with surgical approach. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The influence of surgical technique on postoperative C5 palsy after decompression for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is intensely debated. Comprehensive analyses are needed using contemporary data and accounting for covariates...