Diabeted melitus

OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery, aortic valve, and descending aorta calcification (CAC, AVC, DAC) are manifestations of atherosclerosis, and cardiac epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) indicates heart adiposity. This study explored the association between cardiac adipose tissue and cardiovascular calcification in participants with long-standing T1D. METHODS: EAT and intra-thoracic adipose tissue (IAT) were measured in 100 T1D subjects with cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans in the EDIC study...

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis based on mathematical modeling is an efficient means of identifying hub proteins, corresponding enzymes and many underlying structures. In this paper, a method for the analysis of PPI is introduced and used to analyze protein interactions of diseases such as Parkinson's, COVID-19 and diabetes melitus. A directed hypergraph is used to represent PPI interactions. A novel directed hypergraph depth-first search algorithm is introduced to find the longest paths. The minor hypergraph reduces the dimension of the directed hypergraph, representing the longest paths and results in the unimodular hypergraph...

Aldose reductase (AR) is an important target in the development of therapeutics against hyper-glycemia-induced health complications such as retinopathy, etc. In this study, we employed a combination of structure-based drug design, molecular simulation, and free energy calculation approaches to identify potential hit molecules against anti-diabetic (anti-hyperglycemic)-induced health complications. The 3D structure of aldoreductase was screened for multiple compound libraries (1,00,000 compounds) and identified as ZINC35671852, ZINC78774792 from the ZINC database, Diamino-di nitro-methyl dioctyl phthalate, and Penta-o-galloyl-glucose from the South African natural compounds database, and Bisindolylmethane thiosemi-carbazides and Bisindolylme-thane-hydrazone from the Inhouse database for this study...

INTRODUCTION: The potential influence of micronutrient status on obesity should be considered. Nevertheless, previous research examining the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity has yielded inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) in a population consisting of persons aged 18 years and older. METHODS: A retrospective case-control research was undertaken on a sample of 1024 individuals aged 18 years and older who were admitted to a tertiary healthcare facility (Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Education and Research Hospital, Rize) for either overweight-related issues or routine check-ups...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) represent two modern diseases of civilization and are closely related. According to the concept of cardio-renal and reno-cardiac syndromes, most patients with CKD are affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD (including HF) is one of the factors not only promoting progression of established CKD but also triggering its onset and development. Treatment of CVD and HF in CKD patients remains challenging since CKD patients are characterized by extremely diverse and strongly expressed risk profiles, and the data from well-designed clinical trials addressing this population are scarce...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:  Diabetes mellitus is one of the most significant public health problems in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of disease duration and disease complications on health-related quality of life among type 2 diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 adult diabetic type 2 patients at a tertiary hospital in the city of Khamis Mushit in Saudi Arabia. The participants were asked to complete a pre-validated health status questionnaire (SF-36) consisting of 36 questions measuring eight domains of health, with each domain providing a score from 0 to 100...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) occurs in the early stages of Diabetic retinopathy (DR), and the study of its metabolic markers will help to prevent DR. Hence, we aimed to establish a risk score based on multiple metabolites through untargeted metabolomic analysis of venous blood from NPDR patients and diabetic non-DR patients. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Untargeted metabolomics of venous blood samples from patients with NPDR, diabetes melitus without DR were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mortality is predominantly due to respiratory failure. However, risk factors and predictive models for disease progression in patients with COVID-19 are not consistent across the globe. In this study, we aimed to assess the risk factors associated with intensive care (ICU) admission and mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Information was retrieved from the database of all patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia between March 2020 and July 2020 at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia...

OBJECTIVE: The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the control of diabetes mellitus in patients are largely unknown. In this study we aimed to analyze the impact of the pandemic and the ensuing lockdown on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 7,321patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (4,501 from the pre-pandemic period, 2,820 from the post-pandemic period) were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: The admission of patients with diabetes melitus (DM) decreased significantly during the pandemic (4,501 pre-pandemic vs...

The current study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and efficacy of a cannabis-based sublingual spray, CBDEX10® (containing 100 µg cannabidiol and 10 µg Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol per puff; CBD/Δ9 -THC 10:1), in improving lipid profile and glycemic state of the diabetic patients. Fifty diabetic patients were randomly allocated to the treatment (n = 25; receiving two puffs of CBDEX10® twice daily) or the control groups (n = 25; receiving two puffs of placebo). The primary endpoint of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the CBDEX10® adjunctive therapy in improving the lipid profile and glycemic state of diabetic patients; the secondary endpoint was to assess the safety profile and tolerability of the spray...

PURPOSE: Type 2 diabetes and sedentary behavior pose serious health risks in stroke survivors. Using a co-creation framework, this study aimed to develop an intervention in collaboration with stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes, relatives, and cross-sectoral health care professionals to reduce sedentary behavior and increase physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative explorative study used a co-creation framework consisting of a workshop and focus group interviews with stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes ( n  = 3), relative ( n  = 1), and health care professionals ( n  = 10) to develop the intervention...

The pancreatic duodenum homeobox-1 ( PDX-1 ) is a transcription factor encoded by a Hox-like homeodomain gene that plays a crucial role in pancreatic development, β-cell differentiation, and the maintenance of mature β-cell functions. Research on the relationship between PDX-1 and diabetes has gained much attention because of the increasing prevalence of diabetes melitus (DM). Recent studies have shown that the overexpression of PDX-1 regulates pancreatic development and promotes β-cell differentiation and insulin secretion...

Oats are widely distributed worldwide and oat β-glucan has positive effects on human health. Particularly, oat β-glucan is reported to be beneficial in the management of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oat β-glucan and its possible underlying mechanisms on diabetes in type 2 diabetic mice that was induced by streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). The data indicated that oat β-glucan significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose, improved glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity...

β-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas secrete insulin in response to the glucose concentration in the blood. When these pancreatic β-cells are damaged, diabetes develops through glucose intolerance caused by insufficient insulin secretion. High molecular weight polysaccharides, such as heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans, and HS-degrading enzymes, such as heparinase, participate in the protection, maintenance, and enhancement of the functions of pancreatic islets and β-cells, and the demand for studies on glycobiology within the field of diabetes research has increased...

Neonatal platelet hemostasis, although it has been well described over the recent years, remains elusive in specific patient populations, including neonates from high-risk pregnancies, such as those complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We aimed at evaluating the platelet function of neonates born to mothers with GDM using the platelet function analyzer (PFA-100). Cord blood samples were drawn from each subject and tested with two different agonists to provide two closure time (CT) values (collagen with epinephrine (COL/EPI) and collagen with adenosine diphosphate (COL/ADP))...

INTRODUCTION: The study investigated the effect of 12 weeks of pilates training on the hemodynamic responses of older women with type-2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: 22 individuals with T2D were randomly allocated into two groups: CONTROL (n = 11; 67.5 ± 6.3 years; 154.7 ± 6.1 cm; 73.5 ± 6.1 kg; calorie intake: 1487.5 ± 360.6 kcal/day) and PILATES (n = 11; 65.5 ± 5.5 years; 155.0 ± 4.5 cm; 66.2 ± 5.4 kg; calorie intake: 1289.3 ± 385.0 kcal/day)...

OBJECTIVES: To compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic neuropathy (DN) (D+N) with patients with DM without DN (D-DN) and healthy participants. To evaluate factors associated with poor HRQoL in patients with DN. METHODS: This study included 306 participants residing in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Patients with DM were screened for DN using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument. Neuropathy severity, disability and HRQoL were determined using the Neuropathy Severity Scale (NSS), the Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS), and the Norfolk Quality of Life-Diabetic Neuropathy (QOL-DN) tool, respectively...

Hyperglycemia occurs due to a defect in insulin secretion or impaired biological functions, or both. The long‑term hyperglycemia during diabetes causes chronic damage and dysfunction of various tissues. Whole body vibration (WBV) has significant effects on lipid and glucose metabolism and endocrine and motor systems. In order to explore the effects of WBV on skeletal muscle, mice trained for 12 weeks with WBV (15 Hz, 30 min) were used as experimental subjects and their skeletal muscle morphology under the pathological state of diabetes was observed...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Results of conventional nerve conduction studies may be within normal limits in early diabetic neuropathy. Previous studies demonstrated that F-wave latency should be used to detect this early neuropathic process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of lower/upper extremity F latency ratios in detecting the early neuropathy in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain. METHODS: 44 patients with diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) and 44 control subjects whose both conventional nerve conduction studies and F-wave latencies were within normal limits were included to the study...

We studied laboratory parameters of patients with COVID-19 against the background of chronic pathologies (cardiovascular pathologies, obesity, type 2 diabetes melitus, and cardiovascular pathologies with allergy to statins). A decrease in pH and a shift in the electrolyte balance of blood plasma were revealed in all studied groups and were most pronounced in patients with cardiovascular pathologies with allergy to statin. It was found that low pH promotes destruction of lipid components of the erythrocyte membranes in patients with chronic pathologies, which was seen from a decrease in Na+ /K+ -ATPase activity and significant hyponatrenemia...