Dental Caries

BACKGROUND: The analysis of dental caries has been a major focus of recent work on modeling dental defect data. While a dental caries focus is of major importance in dental research, the examination of developmental defects which could also contribute at an early stage of dental caries formation, is also of potential interest. This paper proposes a set of methods which address the appearance of different combinations of defects across different tooth regions. In our modeling we assess the linkages between tooth region development and both the type of defect and associations with etiological predictors of the defects which could be influential at different times during the tooth crown development...

AIM: To systematically review the evidence from published literature about the impact of war on oral health among children and adults. METHODOLOGY: The electronic search was carried out in the following databases Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar. In vitro studies, cross-sectional, case control studies, and randomized controlled trials conducted during the war time were included. Cross-sectional and case control studies were assessed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, whereas randomized controlled trials were assessed based on the ROBINS-I tool...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of arginine, with or without sodium fluoride (NaF; 1,450 ppm), on saliva-derived microcosm biofilms and enamel demineralization. METHODS: Saliva-derived biofilms were grown on bovine enamel blocks in 0.2% sucrose-containing modified McBain medium, according to six experimental groups: control (McBain 0.2%); 2.5% arginine; 8% arginine; NaF; 2.5% arginine with NaF; and 8% arginine with NaF. After 5 days of growth, biofilm viability was assessed by colony-forming units counting, laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to determine biofilm vitality and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production, while biofilm metabolism was evaluated using the resazurin assay and lactic acid quantification...

INTRODUCTION: Primary care dentistry is the first point of contact that someone has with the dental system and is predominantly focused on the treatment and prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease. The aim of this paper was to review the Australian primary dental care system. METHODS: This paper reviews the primary dental care system in Australia, drawing on data reporting on the dental workforce, funding sources for dental care, oral health outcome measures and dental visiting patterns...

BACKGROUND: Tooth brushing is a universal recommendation. However, the recommendations related to the time of its execution are conflicting, especially when dealing with patients at risk of erosive tooth wear (ETW) or dental caries. SUMMARY: Our objective was to summarize the evidence on the timing of brushing with fluoridated toothpaste in relation to ETW and cariogenic dietary challenges. We conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist, using three databases searching for in-vivo, in-situ, or in-vitro studies involving human teeth exposed to either a cariogenic or an erosive challenge...

Several inflammatory diseases are characterized by a disruption in the equilibrium between the host and its microbiome. Due to the increase in resistance, the use of antibiotics for the widespread, nonspecific killing of microorganisms is at risk. Pro-microbial approaches focused on stimulating or introducing beneficial species antagonistic toward pathobionts may be a viable alternative for restoring the host-microbiome equilibrium. Unfortunately, not all potential probiotic or synbiotic species and even subspecies (to strain level) are equally effective for the designated pathology, leading to conflicting accounts of their efficacy...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Attention to caries administration has altered toward an early finding of lesions and targeted to noninvasive management with a remineralizing agent. This study compared the remineralization potential of apacider mangosteen adhesive pastes (AMAP), 500-ppm fluoride toothpaste (FT500), and 1000-ppm fluoride toothpaste (FT1000) on artificial caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Artificial caries were generated to enamel of eighty extracted human premolars...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: It is unclear about whether the oral health has impact on physical performance. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between oral health and physical performance in 300 military adults in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral health was assessed by the presence of periodontitis and dental caries. The status of cardiorespiratory and muscular endurance capacity was respectively assessed by tertiles of time for a 3000-m run and 2-min push-up numbers...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The chemo-mechanical caries-removal technique is known to offer advantages of selective dentin caries treatment while leaving healthy dental tissues intact. However, current sodium hypochlorite based reagents usually excessively damage dentin collagen. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a novel chemo-mechanical caries-removal system to preserve the collagen network for subsequent prosthetic restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The calfskin-derived collagen was chosen as a model system to investigate the dissolution behavior of collagen under different operating conditions of chemical-ultrasonic treatment systems...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and also the hierarchy of association if any with malnutrition, anemia, and other risk factors with ECC using machine learning algorithms. METHODS: A hospital-based preventive and interventional study was conducted on SAM children (age = 2 to <6 years) who were admitted to the malnutrition treatment unit (MTU). An oral examination for early childhood caries status was done using the deft index...

BACKGROUND: In cariology studies, mitis-salivarius-bacitracin (MSB) agar has been commonly considered as the selective medium for Streptococcusmutans growth. The present study was the part of a funded project (a noninferiority randomized controlled trial) which compared the efficacy of a plant extract-based mouth rinse with that of a fluoride mouth rinse on the S.mutans counts of the children. AIM: This study aimed to identify the frequency of detection of S.mutans and nonstreptococcal bacterial species from the dental plaque of caries active children using a combined technique of anaerobic culture and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry...

CONTEXT: One of the essential components for successful caries management is caries risk assessment (CRA). Among CRA tools (CRATs) published in the literature: Caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) 123 and American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) CRATs are specifically designed for infants and toddlers. AIMS: The aim of this study is to compare readily available internationally accepted CRAT for infants and toddlers and check the usability of these tools in assigning caries risk among the Indian population...

Early childhood caries is a major public health issue in India. The primary reason for poor oral health in children is a lack of awareness about the role of primary teeth and the importance of an early dental visit for infants and toddlers. The primary objectives of an early dental visit are to analyze the child's risk level, provide guidance to parents regarding proper oral hygiene measures, review dietary and eating habits, provide information regarding the infectivity of dental caries, review the risks of traumatic injuries and discuss factors which affect the development of occlusion...

Barodontalgia, barometric pressure-induced dental pain, may occur during hyperbaric oxygen(HBO2 ) therapy due to pressure changes. This case report presents an 8-year-old male patient with barodontalgia. The patient declared a severe toothache during HBO2 therapy. The diving medicine specialist referred the patient to the dental clinician immediately. On clinical examination, the pain was thought to be caused by caries lesions of the deciduous teeth in the left maxillary molar region. Tooth extraction was suggested...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of near-infrared imaging (NIRI) and unaided visual examination (UVE) in detecting proximal caries in permanent dentition in comparison with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Patients who underwent NIRI, UVE, and CBCT imaging within 1 week were enrolled. Using CBCT as the reference test, the positive percent agreement (PPA), negative percent agreement (NPA), and overall percent agreement (OPA) of NIRI, UVE, and a combination of the two for detecting proximal caries at different depths and in different tooth locations were assessed...

Within the realm of dental material innovation, this study pioneers the incorporation of tung oil into polyurea coatings, setting a new precedent for enhancing self-healing functionality and durability. Originating from an ancient practice, tung oil is distinguished by its outstanding water resistance and microbial barrier efficacy. By synergizing it with polyurea, we developed coatings that unite mechanical strength with biological compatibility. The study notably quantifies self-healing efficiency, highlighting the coatings' exceptional capacity to mend physical damages and thwart microbial incursions...

A study in Gran Canaria assessed the oral health of 53 children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 106 without ADHD, aged 6 to 16 years. Clinical data on dental caries, conservative treatments, and periodontal health were recorded. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in children with ADHD and how their habits and behaviors contribute to their oral health status. The results showed that children with ADHD had a significant increase in dental caries, conservative treatments, and gingival bleeding...

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of children's dental care programs on children and adolescents to reduce oral health inequalities. It measured and assessed the improvement effects of children's dental care programs on the oral health of children and adolescents as part of the efforts to decrease oral health disparities in this age group. It included 406 individuals who participated in student and children's dental care program between 2013 and 2019 at screening facilities in Gwangjin-gu, Seoul...

BACKGROUND: Oral health impacts systemic health, individual well-being, and quality of life. It is important to identify conditions that may exacerbate oral disease to aid public health and policy development and promote targeted patient treatment strategies. Developmental defects can increase an individual's risk of dental caries, hypersensitivity, premature tooth wear, erosion, and poor aesthetics. As part of an ongoing study assessing oral health in adults with cystic fibrosis at Cork University Dental School and Hospital, a systematic review of available literature was conducted to assess the prevalence of enamel defects in people with cystic fibrosis...

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