keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539804/nutrigenomics-of-natural-antioxidants-in-broilers
#1
REVIEW
Ioanna Kouvedaki, Athanasios C Pappas, Peter F Surai, Evangelos Zoidis
The broiler industry supplies high-quality animal protein to the world. The ban of antibiotics as growth promoters has opened the way for plenty of phytochemicals and antioxidants to be explored. This study summarizes the use of natural antioxidants in a broiler diet as a way through which to deal with stressors, as well as their effects on the expression of various genes. The transcriptional factors and genes involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis are described and emphasis is placed on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor kappa B...
February 22, 2024: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537696/the-constitutively-active-form-of-a-key-cholesterol-synthesis-enzyme-is-lipid-droplet-localized-and-upregulated-in-endometrial-cancer-tissues
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hudson W Coates, Tina B Nguyen, Ximing Du, Ellen M Olzomer, Rhonda Farrell, Frances L Byrne, Hongyuan Yang, Andrew J Brown
Cholesterol is essential for both normal cell viability and cancer cell proliferation. Aberrant activity of squalene monooxygenase (SM, also known as squalene epoxidase or SQLE), the rate-limiting enzyme of the committed cholesterol synthesis pathway, is accordingly implicated in a growing list of cancers. We previously reported that hypoxia triggers the truncation of SM to a constitutively active form, thus preserving sterol synthesis during oxygen shortfalls. Here, we show SM truncation is upregulated and correlates with the magnitude of hypoxia in endometrial cancer tissues, supporting the in vivo relevance of our earlier work...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534558/the-nitrogen-content-in-the-fruiting-body-and-mycelium-of-pleurotus-ostreatus-and-its-utilization-as-a-medium-component-in-thraustochytrid-fermentation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lina Schütte, Katharina Hausmann, Christoph Schwarz, Franziska Ersoy, Ralf G Berger
Following the idea of a circular bioeconomy, the use of side streams as substitutes for cultivation media (components) in bioprocesses would mean an enormous economic and ecological advantage. Costly compounds in conventional media for the production of the triterpene squalene in thraustochytrids are the main carbon source and complex nitrogen sources. Among other side streams examined, extracts from the spent mycelium of the basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus were best-suited to acting as alternative nitrogen sources in cultivation media for thraustochytrids...
March 16, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532571/biosignatures-of-defective-sebaceous-gland-activity-in-sebum-rich-and-sebum-poor-skin-areas-in-adult-atopic-dermatitis
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessia Cavallo, Emanuela Camera, Grazia Bottillo, Miriam Maiellaro, Mauro Truglio, Federico Marini, Marlène Chavagnac-Bonneville, Aurélie Fauger, Eric Perrier, Flavia Pigliacelli, Mauro Picardo, Antonio Cristaudo, Maria Mariano
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a composite disease presenting disruption of the skin permeability barrier (SPB) in the stratum corneum (SC). Recent evidence supports derangement of the sebaceous gland (SG) activity in the AD pathomechanisms. The objective of this study was to delineate profiles of both sebaceous and epidermal lipids and of aminoacids from SG-rich (SGR) and SG-poor (SGP) areas in AD. Both sebum and SC were sampled from SGR areas, while SC was sampled also from SGP areas in 54 adult patients with AD, consisting of 34 and 20 subjects, respectively with and without clinical involvement of face, and in 44 age and sex-matched controls...
March 2024: Experimental Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526661/molecular-identification-and-phytochemical-analysis-and-bioactivity-assessment-of-catharanthus-roseus%C3%A2-leaf-extract-exploring-antioxidant-potential-and-antimicrobial-activities
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Velusamy Arulvendhan, Periyakali Saravana Bhavan, Rajapandian Rajaganesh
Plants have long been at the main focus of the medical industry's attention due to their extensive list of biological and therapeutic properties and ethnobotanical applications. Catharanthus roseus, sometimes referred to as Nithyakalyani in Tamil, is an Apocynaceae family member used in traditional Indian medicine. It also examines the plant's potential antimicrobial and antioxidant activities as well as its preliminary phytochemical makeup. Leaf material from C. roseus was analyzed and found to include a variety of phytochemicals including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, glycosides, quinones, and steroids...
March 25, 2024: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524776/kilo-scale-gmp-synthesis-of-renewable-semisynthetic-vaccine-grade-squalene
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl J Fisher, Laura Shirtcliff, Greg Buchanan, Andrew W Thompson, Frank X Woolard, Donald H LaMunyon, Jonathan L Marshall, Maya B Baranouskas, Rodger B Voelker, Jason S Lusk, Charles E Wells, Raodoh Mohamath, Robert Kinsey, William R Lykins, Gabi Ramer-Denisoff, Christopher B Fox, Christopher J Paddon, Derek McPhee
Emulsions of the triterpene squalene ((6 E ,10 E ,14 E ,18 E )-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene, CAS 111-02-4) have been used as adjuvants in influenza vaccines since the 1990s. Traditionally sourced from shark liver oil, the overfishing of sharks and concomitant reduction in the oceanic shark population raises sustainability issues for vaccine adjuvant grade squalene. We report a semisynthetic route to squalene meeting current pharmacopeial specifications for use in vaccines that leverages the ready availability of trans -β-farnesene ((6 E )-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene, CAS 18794-84-8), manufactured from sustainable sugarcane via a yeast fermentation process...
December 15, 2023: Organic Process Research & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518620/the-effect-of-extraction-methods-on-the-components-and-quality-of-camellia-oleifera-oil-focusing-on-the-flavor-and-lipidomics
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenquan Zeng, Xudong Liu, Yan Chao, Yiying Wu, Shukun Qiu, Baining Lin, Rukuan Liu, Ruichang Tang, Suxi Wu, Zhihong Xiao, Changzhu Li
The objective of this study was to systematically elucidate the effects of conventional (Cold Pressing, CP; Hot Pressing, HP; Soxhlet Extraction; SE) and novel methods (Microwave-Assisted Extraction, MAE) on the physicochemical properties, bio-active substances, flavor and lipidomics of Camellia oleifera oil (COO). The cold-pressed COO contained the highest contents of squalene (176.38 mg/kg), α-tocopherol (330.52 mg/kg), polyphenols (68.33 mg/kg) and phytosterols (2782.55 mg/kg). Oleic acid was observed as the predominant fatty acid with the content of approximately 80%...
March 18, 2024: Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517948/discovery-of-novel-11-membered-templates-as-squalene-synthase-inhibitors
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noriyasu Haginoya, Masanori Suzuki, Makoto Suzuki, Yutaka Ishigai, Koji Terayama, Akira Kanda, Kazuyuki Sugita
Squalene synthase is one of the most promising pharmaceutical targets to treat hyperlipidemia. Inhibition of the squalene synthase causes a decrease in the hepatic cholesterol concentration. We have already reported the design and synthesis of highly potent benzhydrol-type squalene inhibitors. Although these templates showed unique and potent cyclic active conformations via intramolecular hydrogen bonds, the in vivo cholesterol-lowering efficacy was insufficient. We attempted to improve their potential as an orally active medicine...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517197/age-related-cholesterol-and-colorectal-cancer-progression-validating-squalene-epoxidase-for-high-risk-cases
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soo Young Jun, Hyang Ran Yoon, Ji-Yong Yoon, Jeong-Ju Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Jin-Man Kim, Nam-Soon Kim
As people age, the risk and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), along with cholesterol levels, tend to increase. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies on serum lipids and CRC have produced conflicting results. We previously demonstrated that the reduction of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) due to accumulated cholesterol within cells accelerates CRC progression through the activation of the β-catenin pathway. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which age-related cholesterol accumulation within tissue accelerates CRC progression and to assess the clinical significance of SQLE in older individuals with elevated CRC risk...
March 22, 2024: Aging Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514840/body-odor-samples-from-infants-and-post-pubertal-children-differ-in-their-volatile-profiles
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana Owsienko, Lisa Goppelt, Katharina Hierl, Laura Schäfer, Ilona Croy, Helene M Loos
Body odors change during development, and this change influences the interpersonal communication between parents and their children. The molecular basis for this chemical communication has not been elucidated yet. Here, we show by combining instrumental and sensory analyses that the qualitative odorant composition of body odor samples is similar in infants (0-3 years) and post-pubertal children (14-18 years). The post-pubertal samples are characterized by higher odor dilution factors for carboxylic acids and by the presence of 5α-androst-16-en-3-one and 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol...
March 21, 2024: Communications Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509904/phytochemical-analysis-gc-ms-characterization-and-antioxidant-activity-of-hordeum-vulgare-seed-extracts
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saman Shahab Farooqi, Safila Naveed, Fatima Qamar, Aisha Sana, Shahab H Farooqi, Neelam Sabir, Asra Mansoor, Halima Sadia
Barley scientifically known as Hordeum vulgare (HV) is a major grain crop. Over the course of time, great interest has been developed in the usage of barley, because of its various pharmacological activities. Current study is designed to determine the chemical constituents of Hordeum vulgare (HV) seed extract by GC-MS technique, and Invitro antioxidant assays i.e. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) and 2-azino-bis(3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods. GC-MS identified 16 non-polar compounds in the hexane extract of HV plant, which includes carboxylic acid (6...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507185/engineered-poplar-for-bioproduction-of-the-triterpene-squalene
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob D Bibik, Abira Sahu, Boeun Kim, Faride Unda, Trine B Andersen, Shawn D Mansfield, Christos T Maravelias, Thomas D Sharkey, Björn R Hamberger
Building sustainable platforms to produce biofuels and specialty chemicals has become an increasingly important strategy to supplement and replace fossil fuels and petrochemical-derived products. Terpenoids are the most diverse class of natural products that have many commercial roles as specialty chemicals. Poplar is a fast growing, biomassdense bioenergy crop with many species known to produce large amounts of the hemiterpene isoprene, suggesting an inherent capacity to produce significant quantities of other terpenes...
March 20, 2024: Plant Biotechnology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487037/the-effect-of-hydroxychloroquine-on-cholesterol-synthesis-depends-on-the-profile-of-cholesterol-metabolism-a-controlled-clinical-study
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piia Simonen, Lotta Ulander, Kari K Eklund, Mikko Niemi, Janne T Backman, Helena Gylling, Juha Sinisalo
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has a variable effect on cholesterol synthesis. To clarify this, we assessed the effect of HCQ on the cholesterol-synthesis pathway in individuals with low and high cholesterol absorption efficiency. METHOD: A total of 53 acute myocardial infarction patients with a constant statin dose randomized to receive HCQ or placebo for six months in a double-blind manner, were classified further into low (n = 26) and high (n = 27) cholesterol absorbers based on the median baseline serum cholestanol level...
March 2024: Atheroscler Plus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483637/resistance-profile-terbinafine-resistance-screening-and-maldi-tof-ms-identification-of-the-emerging-pathogen-trichophyton-indotineae
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roelke De Paepe, Anne-Cécile Normand, Silke Uhrlaß, Pietro Nenoff, Renaud Piarroux, Ann Packeu
The emerging pathogen Trichophyton indotineae, often resistant to terbinafine (TRB), is known to cause severe dermatophytoses such as tinea corporis and tinea cruris. In order to achieve successful treatment for these infections, insight in the resistance profile of T. indotineae strains and rapid, reliable identification is necessary. In this research, a screening medium was tested on T. indotineae strains (n = 20) as an indication tool of TRB resistance. The obtained results were confirmed by antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) for TRB following the in vitro broth microdilution reference method...
March 14, 2024: Mycopathologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478307/eco-friendly-extraction-of-antibacterial-compounds-from-enriched-olive-pomace-a-design-of-experiments-approach-to-sustainability
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marwa Ben Amor, Najla Trabelsi, Kais Djebali, Marwa Abdallah, Mejdi Hammami, Asma Mejri, Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui, Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan, Sami Rtimi
The increasing interest in utilizing olive pomace bioactive molecules to advance functional elements and produce antioxidant and antimicrobial additives underscores the need for eco-friendly extraction and purification methods. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly extraction method to evaluate the effect of extraction parameters on the recovery of bioactive molecules from enriched olive pomace. The effects were identified based on total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity, employing a design of experimental methodology...
March 13, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475458/nutraceutical-content-and-biological-properties-of-lipophilic-and-hydrophilic-fractions-of-the-phytocomplex-from-pistacia-atlantica-desf-buds-roots-and-fruits
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nabila Belyagoubi-Benhammou, Larbi Belyagoubi, Assia Benmahieddine, Asma El Zerey-Belaskri, Gabriele Di Marco, Alessia D'Agostino, Antonella Canini, Angelo Gismondi
The aim of the present investigation was to obtain 12 aqueous extracts and 1 oil from Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica specimens. The samples differed for processed plant organs (i.e., roots, buds, and fruits), gender and geographical station of the collected trees. Total phenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were determined, revealing that bud extracts exhibited the highest phenolic content (386.785 ± 16.227 mg GAE/g DM), followed by fruit and root preparations. Similar results were detected for flavonoids and tannins, whose quantitation ranged from 0...
February 23, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474053/a-novel-method-for-the-determination-of-squalene-cholesterol-and-their-oxidation-products-in-food-of-animal-origin-by-gc-tof-ms
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Małgorzata Czerwonka, Agnieszka Białek, Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
Cholesterol present in food of animal origin is a precursor of oxysterols (COPs), whose high intake through diet can be associated with health implications. Evaluation of the content of these contaminants in food is associated with many analytical problems. This work presents a GC-TOF/MS method for the simultaneous determination of squalene, cholesterol and seven COPs (7-ketocholesterol, 7α-hydroxycholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, 5,6α-epoxycholesterol, 5,6β-epoxycholesterol, cholestanetriol)...
February 28, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472545/development-of-betulin-loaded-nanostructured-lipid-carriers-for-the-management-of-imiquimod-induced-psoriasis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prativa Biswasroy, Deepak Pradhan, Dilip Kumar Pradhan, Goutam Ghosh, Goutam Rath
Psoriasis is a complex and persistent autoimmune skin disease. The present research focused on the therapeutic evaluation of betulin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (BE-NLCs) towards managing psoriasis. The BE-NLCs were synthesized using the emulsification cum solidification method, exhibiting a spherical shape with a particle size of 183.5±1.82nm and a narrow size distribution window (PDI: 0.142±0.05). A high zeta potential -38.64±0.05mV signifies the relative stability of the nano-dispersion system...
March 12, 2024: AAPS PharmSciTech
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465928/cationic-nanoemulsion-encapsulated-retinoic-acid-as-an-adjuvant-to-promote-ova-specific-systemic-and-mucosal-responses
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guo-Cheng Li, Hui-Fang Li, Zhe Jin, Rang Feng, Yan Deng, Hao Cheng, Hai-Bo Li
Cationic nanostructures have emerged as an adjuvant and antigen delivery system that enhances dendritic cell maturation, ROS generation, and antigen uptake and then promotes antigen-specific immune responses. In recent years, retinoic acid (RA) has received increasing attention due to its effect in activating the mucosal immune response; however, in order to use RA as a mucosal adjuvant, it is necessary to solve the problem of its dissolution, loading, and delivery. Here, we describe a cationic nanoemulsion-encapsulated retinoic acid (CNE-RA) delivery system composed of the cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOTAP), retinoic acid, squalene as the oil phase, polysorbate 80 as surfactant, and sorbitan trioleate 85 as co-surfactant...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463791/a-comparative-transcriptomics-analysis-reveals-ethylene-glycol-derivatives-of-squalene-ameliorate-excessive-lipogenesis-and-inflammatory-response-in-3t3-l1-preadipocytes
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Cheng, Farhana Ferdousi, Bryan Angelo Foronda, Tran Ngoc Linh, Munkhzul Ganbold, Akira Yada, Takashi Arimura, Hiroko Isoda
Squalene (SQ) is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidant effects, but due to its low solubility, its biological properties have been greatly underestimated. This study aims to explore the differences in gene expression patterns of four newly synthesized amphipathic ethylene glycol (EG) derivatives of SQ by whole-genome transcriptomics analysis using DNA microarray to examine the mRNA expression profile of adipocytes differentiated from 3T3-L1 cells treated with SQ and its EG derivatives...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
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