keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492859/structural-impact-of-a-new-spike-y170w-mutation-detected-in-early-emerging-sars-cov-2-omicron-variants-in-france
#1
REVIEW
Marie Glenet, Anne-Laure Lebreil, Yohan N'Guyen, Ittah Meyer, Stephanie Baud, Laurent Andreoletti
To assess the genetic characteristics of the early emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains, we retrospectively analyzed a collection of 150 nasopharyngeal samples taken from a series of outpatient cases tested positive by a referenced qRT-PCR assay during the reported period of Omicron variant emergence in December 2021, in northeastern region of France. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike sequences revealed that only 3 (2%) of these detected strains were Omicron variants, while 147 (98%) were identified as previously described delta variants...
March 14, 2024: Virus Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491511/cancer-associated-fibroblast-secreted-fgf7-as-an-ovarian-cancer-progression-promoter
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Songwei Feng, Bo Ding, Zhu Dai, Han Yin, Yue Ding, Sicong Liu, Ke Zhang, Hao Lin, Zhongdang Xiao, Yang Shen
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is distinguished by its aggressive nature and the limited efficacy of current treatment strategies. Recent studies have emphasized the significant role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in OC development and progression. METHODS: Employing sophisticated machine learning techniques on bulk transcriptomic datasets, we identified fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), derived from CAFs, as a potential oncogenic factor. We investigated the relationship between FGF7 expression and various clinical parameters...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491050/clearance-of-persistent-sars-cov-2-associates-with-increased-neutralizing-antibodies-in-advanced-hiv-disease-post-art-initiation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farina Karim, Catherine Riou, Mallory Bernstein, Zesuliwe Jule, Gila Lustig, Strauss van Graan, Roanne S Keeton, Janine-Lee Upton, Yashica Ganga, Khadija Khan, Kajal Reedoy, Matilda Mazibuko, Katya Govender, Kershnee Thambu, Nokuthula Ngcobo, Elizabeth Venter, Zanele Makhado, Willem Hanekom, Anne von Gottberg, Monjurul Hoque, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Salim S Abdool Karim, Nithendra Manickchund, Nombulelo Magula, Bernadett I Gosnell, Richard J Lessells, Penny L Moore, Wendy A Burgers, Tulio de Oliveira, Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa, Alex Sigal
SARS-CoV-2 clearance requires adaptive immunity but the contribution of neutralizing antibodies and T cells in different immune states is unclear. Here we ask which adaptive immune responses associate with clearance of long-term SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-mediated immunosuppression after suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. We assembled a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected people in South Africa (n = 994) including participants with advanced HIV disease characterized by immunosuppression due to T cell depletion...
March 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490580/selective-pressure-mediated-by-influenza-virus-m1-58-66-epitope-specific-cd8-t-cells-promotes-accumulation-of-extra-epitopic-amino-acid-substitutions-associated-with-viral-resistance-to-these-t-cells
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janina M Jansen, Robert Meineke, Antonia Molle, Carolien E van de Sandt, Giulietta Saletti, Guus F Rimmelzwaan
Influenza viruses are notorious for their capacity to evade host immunity. Not only can they evade recognition by virus-neutralizing antibodies, there is also evidence that they accumulate mutations in epitopes recognized by virus-specific CD8+ T cells. In addition, we have shown previously that human influenza A viruses were less well recognized than avian influenza viruses by CD8+ T cells directed to the highly conserved, HLA-A*02:01 restricted M158-66 epitope located in the Matrix 1 (M1) protein. Amino acid differences at residues outside the epitope were responsible for the differential recognition, and it was hypothesized that this reflected immune adaptation of human influenza viruses to selective pressure exerted by M158-66 -specific CD8+ T cells in the human population...
March 13, 2024: Virus Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490578/humoral-and-cellular-response-of-two-different-vaccines-against-sars-cov-2-in-a-group-of-healthcare-workers-an-observational-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nejla Stambouli, Khadija Bahrini, Chihebeddine Romdhani, Aicha Rebai, Sana Boughariou, Mohamed Zakraoui, Bilel Arfaoui, Sameh Seyli, Yasmine Boukhalfa, Riadh Battikh, Mohamed Ben Moussa, Iheb Labben, Mustpha Ferjani, Hedi Gharssallah
On March 13, 2021, Tunisia started a widespread immunization program against SARS-CoV-2 utilizing different vaccinations that had been given emergency approval. Herein, we followed prospectively a cohort of participant who received COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer BioNTech and Sputnik-Gameleya V). The goal of this follow-up was to define the humoral and cellular immunological profile after immunization by assessing neutralizing antibodies and IFN- γ release. 26 vaccinated health care workers by Pfizer BioNTech (n = 12) and Sputnik-Gameleya V (n = 14) were enrolled from June to December 2021 in Military hospital of Tunis...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Immunological Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490197/persistent-immune-imprinting-occurs-after-vaccination-with-the-covid-19-xbb-1-5-mrna-booster-in-humans
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Alejandra Tortorici, Amin Addetia, Albert J Seo, Jack Brown, Kaiti Sprouse, Jenni Logue, Erica Clark, Nicholas Franko, Helen Chu, David Veesler
Immune imprinting describes how the first exposure to a virus shapes immunological outcomes of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron breakthrough infections and bivalent COVID-19 vaccination primarily recall cross-reactive memory B cells induced by prior Wuhan-Hu-1 spike mRNA vaccination rather than priming Omicron-specific naive B cells. These findings indicate that immune imprinting occurs after repeated Wuhan-Hu-1 spike exposures, but whether it can be overcome remains unclear...
March 8, 2024: Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489915/the-investigation-of-the-dynamics-of-changes-in-neutralizing-antibody-titers-against-type-5-adenovirus-in-the-context-of-vaccination-against-a-new-coronavirus-infection
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I V Amosova, T A Timoshicheva, R A Kadyrova, Y A Zabrodskaya, V S Vakin, M P Grudinin, V V Dzytseva, M S Khmelevsky, D A Lioznov
This research focuses on analyzing the dynamics of neutralizing antibody (nAbs) titers against type 5 adenovirus (Ad5) in the adult population of Russia following vaccination against the novel coronavirus infection with recombinant adenovirus type-5 COVID-19 vaccine (CanSino Biologics, China). The impact of the Ad5 vector on nAb titers was investigated using 302 blood serum samples from individuals who received a single dose of the Ad5-nCoV vector vaccine. The research revealed that 33.8% of adults in Russia had pre-existing anti-Ad5 nAbs before the pandemic...
March 8, 2024: Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489007/bioactive-materials-from-berberine-treated-human-bone-marrow-mesenchymal-stem-cells-promote-alveolar-bone-regeneration-by-regulating-macrophage-polarization
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziyue Qin, Yanxing Han, Yifei Du, Yixuan Zhang, Yifeng Bian, Ruyu Wang, Haoran Wang, Fanyi Guo, Hua Yuan, Yongchu Pan, Jianliang Jin, Qigang Zhou, Yuli Wang, Feng Han, Yan Xu, Jiandong Jiang
Alveolar bone regeneration has been strongly linked to macrophage polarization. M1 macrophages aggravate alveolar bone loss, whereas M2 macrophages reverse this process. Berberine (BBR), a natural alkaloid isolated and refined from Chinese medicinal plants, has shown therapeutic effects in treating metabolic disorders. In this study, we first discovered that culture supernatant (CS) collected from BBR-treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) ameliorated periodontal alveolar bone loss. CS from the BBR-treated HBMSCs contained bioactive materials that suppressed the M1 polarization and induced the M2 polarization of macrophages in vivo and in vitro...
March 12, 2024: Science China. Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488511/potent-hpiv3-neutralizing-ighv5-51-antibodies-identified-from-multiple-individuals-show-l-chain-and-cdrh3-promiscuity
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra A Abu-Shmais, Rose J Miller, Alexis K Janke, Rachael M Wolters, Clinton M Holt, Nagarajan Raju, Robert H Carnahan, James E Crowe, Jarrod J Mousa, Ivelin S Georgiev
Human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3) is a widespread pathogen causing severe and lethal respiratory illness in at-risk populations. Effective countermeasures are in various stages of development; however, licensed therapeutic and prophylactic options are not available. The fusion glycoprotein (HPIV3 F), responsible for facilitating viral entry into host cells, is a major target of neutralizing Abs that inhibit infection. Although several neutralizing Abs against a small number of HPIV3 F epitopes have been identified to date, relatively little is known about the Ab response to HPIV3 compared with other pathogens, such as influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487996/a-bivalent-adenovirus-vectored-vaccine-induces-a-robust-humoral-response-but-does-not-protect-cynomolgus-macaques-against-a-lethal-challenge-with-sudan-virus
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah van Tol, Paige Fletcher, Friederike Feldmann, Reshma K Mukesh, Julia R Port, Shane Gallogly, Jonathan E Schulz, Joseph F Rhoderick, Rebecca Makinson, Aaron Carmody, Lara Myers, Jamie Lovaglio, Brian J Smith, Atsushi Okumura, Carl Shaia, Greg Saturday, Andrea Marzi, Teresa Lambe, Vincent J Munster, Neeltje van Doremalen
The most recent Sudan virus (SUDV) outbreak in Uganda was first detected in September 2022 and resulted in 164 laboratory-confirmed cases and 77 deaths. There are no approved vaccines against SUDV. Here, we investigated the protective efficacy of ChAdOx1-biEBOV in cynomolgus macaques using a prime or a prime-boost regimen. ChAdOx1-biEBOV is a replication-deficient simian adenovirus vector encoding SUDV and Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoproteins (GPs). Intramuscular vaccination induced SUDV and EBOV GP-specific IgG responses and neutralizing antibodies...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487530/fcry-is-a-key-molecule-controlling-maternal-blood-igy-transfer-to-yolks-during-egg-development-in-avian-species
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mayuko Okamoto, Ryo Sasaki, Koki Ikeda, Kasumi Doi, Fumiya Tatsumi, Kenzi Oshima, Takaaki Kojima, Shusei Mizushima, Keisuke Ikegami, Takashi Yoshimura, Kyohei Furukawa, Misato Kobayashi, Fumihiko Horio, Atsushi Murai
Maternal immunoglobulin transfer plays a key role in conferring passive immunity to neonates. Maternal blood immunoglobulin Y (IgY) in avian species is transported to newly-hatched chicks in two steps: 1) IgY is transported from the maternal circulation to the yolk of maturing oocytes, 2) the IgY deposited in yolk is transported to the circulation of the embryo via the yolk sac membrane. An IgY-Fc receptor, FcRY, is involved in the second step, but the mechanism of the first step is still unclear. We determined whether FcRY was also the basis for maternal blood IgY transfer to the yolk in the first step during egg development...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486776/beta-variant-recombinant-booster-vaccine-elicits-broad-cross-reactive-neutralization-of-sars-cov-2-including-omicron-variants
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Delphine Planas, Lin Peng, Lingyi Zheng, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Françoise Porrot, Timothée Bruel, Jinal N Bhiman, Matthew Bonaparte, Stephen Savarino, Guy de Bruyn, Roman M Chicz, Penny L Moore, Olivier Schwartz, Saranya Sridhar
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage contains variants with multiple sequence mutations relative to the ancestral strain particularly in the viral spike gene. These mutations are associated inter alia with loss of neutralization sensitivity to sera generated by immunization with vaccines targeting ancestral strains or prior infection with circulating (non-Omicron) variants. Here we present a comparison of vaccine formulation elicited cross neutralization responses using two different assay readouts from a subpopulation of a Phase II/III clinical trial...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486124/strategies-for-targeting-cytokines-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#13
REVIEW
Markus F Neurath
Cytokines produced by immune cells contribute to the development and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, by regulating various aspects of the inflammatory response. Pro-inflammatory cytokines trigger chronic intestinal inflammation, tissue damage, carcinogenesis and perpetuation of disease and suppress the resolution of inflammation in IBD. The clinical success of antibodies that neutralize tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and the cytokine IL-12p40 in individuals with IBD has underscored this concept...
March 14, 2024: Nature Reviews. Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486104/in-vivo-affinity-maturation-of-mouse-b-cells-reprogrammed-to-express-human-antibodies
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiming Yin, Yan Guo, Yuxuan Jiang, Brian Quinlan, Haiyong Peng, Gogce Crynen, Wenhui He, Lizhou Zhang, Tianling Ou, Charles C Bailey, Michael Farzan
Mice adoptively transferred with mouse B cells edited via CRISPR to express human antibody variable chains could help evaluate candidate vaccines and develop better antibody therapies. However, current editing strategies disrupt the heavy-chain locus, resulting in inefficient somatic hypermutation without functional affinity maturation. Here we show that these key B-cell functions can be preserved by directly and simultaneously replacing recombined mouse heavy and kappa chains with those of human antibodies, using a single Cas12a-mediated cut at each locus and 5' homology arms complementary to distal V segments...
March 14, 2024: Nature Biomedical Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485924/harnessing-whole-human-liver-ex-situ-normothermic-perfusion-for-preclinical-aav-vector-evaluation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marti Cabanes-Creus, Sophia H Y Liao, Renina Gale Navarro, Maddison Knight, Deborah Nazareth, Ngee-Soon Lau, Mark Ly, Erhua Zhu, Ramon Roca-Pinilla, Ricardo Bugallo Delgado, Ana F Vicente, Grober Baltazar, Adrian Westhaus, Jessica Merjane, Michael Crawford, Geoffrey W McCaughan, Carmen Unzu, Gloria González-Aseguinolaza, Ian E Alexander, Carlo Pulitano, Leszek Lisowski
Developing clinically predictive model systems for evaluating gene transfer and gene editing technologies has become increasingly important in the era of personalized medicine. Liver-directed gene therapies present a unique challenge due to the complexity of the human liver. In this work, we describe the application of whole human liver explants in an ex situ normothermic perfusion system to evaluate a set of fourteen natural and bioengineered adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors directly in human liver, in the presence and absence of neutralizing human sera...
March 14, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485298/expression-of-concern-human-cobra-2-vaccine-contains-two-major-epitopes-that-are-responsible-for-eliciting-neutralizing-antibody-responses-against-heterologous-clades-of-viruses-vaccine-volume-38-issue-4-22-january-2020-pages-830-839
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484812/self-assembled-ferritin-based-nanoparticles-elicit-a-robust-broad-spectrum-protective-immune-response-against-sars-cov-2-variants
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiqi Wang, Xianyong Meng, Huan Cui, Cheng Zhang, Shen Wang, Na Feng, Yongkun Zhao, Tiecheng Wang, Feihu Yan, Xianzhu Xia
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants has resulted in global economic losses and posed a threat to human health. The pandemic highlights the urgent need for an efficient, easily producible, and broad-spectrum vaccine. Here, we present a potentially universal strategy for the rapid and general design of vaccines, focusing on the design and testing of omicron BA.5 RBD-conjugated self-assembling ferritin nanoparticles (NPs)...
March 12, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484577/characterization-of-in-vitro-viral-neutralization-targets-of-highly-pathogenic-porcine-reproductive-and-respiratory-syndrome-virus-hp-prrsv-in-alveolar-macrophage-and-evaluation-of-protection-potential-against-hp-prrsv-challenged-based-on-combination-of-hp
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bing Liu, Xu Zheng, Xiangyu Sun, Bingjie Wan, Jianhui Dong, Zhaobin Zhou, Yuchen Nan, Chunyan Wu
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a significant threat to the global pork industry, resulting in substantial economic losses. Current control measures rely on modified live virus (MLV) vaccines with safety concerns. However, the lack of consensus on protective PRRSV antigens is impeding the development of effective and safety subunit vaccines. In this study, we conducted in vitro virus neutralization (VN) assays in MARC-145 and CRL-2843CD163/CD169 cell lines and primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) to systemically identify PRRSV structural proteins (SPs) recognized by virus-neutralizing antibodies in hyperimmune serum collected from piglets infected with highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV)...
March 5, 2024: Veterinary Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484558/hif-1%C3%AE-mediates-immunosuppression-and-chemoresistance-in-colorectal-cancer-by-inhibiting-cxcl9-10-and-11
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yixi Su, Jiaqi Liu, Yu Tian, Haiyan Dong, Mengchen Shi, Jingdan Zhang, Weiqian Li, Qiang Huang, Nanlin Xiang, Chen Wang, Jun Liu, Lingyuan He, Limei Hu, Ann M Haberman, Huanliang Liu, Xiangling Yang
Uncertainty exists regarding the mechanisms by which hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control CD8+ T-cell migration into tumor microenvironments. Here, we found that HIF-1α knockdown or overexpression resulted in increased or decreased CXCL9, -10, and -11 expression in vitro, respectively. Gene Set Variation Analysis revealed that elevated HIF-1α levels correlated with a poor prognosis, severe pathological stage, and an absence of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients...
March 13, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484018/cryptic-circulation-of-chikungunya-virus-in-s%C3%A3-o-jose-do-rio-preto-brazil-2015-2019
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathalia Zini, Matheus Henrique Tavares Ávila, Natalia Morbi Cezarotti, Maisa Carla Pereira Parra, Cecília Artico Banho, Livia Sacchetto, Andreia Francesli Negri, Emerson Araújo, Cintia Bittar, Bruno Henrique Gonçalves de Aguiar Milhin, Victor Miranda Hernandes, Karina Rocha Dutra, Leonardo Agopian Trigo, Leonardo Cecílio da Rocha, Rafael Alves da Silva, Gislaine Celestino Dutra da Silva, Tamires Fernanda Pereira Dos Santos, Beatriz de Carvalho Marques, Andresa Lopes Dos Santos, Marcos Tayar Augusto, Natalia Franco Bueno Mistrão, Milene Rocha Ribeiro, Tauyne Menegaldo Pinheiro, Thayza Maria Izabel Lopes Dos Santos, Clarita Maria Secco Avilla, Victoria Bernardi, Caroline Freitas, Flora de Andrade Gandolfi, Hélio Correa Ferraz Júnior, Gabriela Camilotti Perim, Mirella Cezare Gomes, Pedro Henrique Carrilho Garcia, Rodrigo Sborghi Rocha, Tayna Manfrin Galvão, Eliane Aparecida Fávaro, Samuel Noah Scamardi, Karen Sanmartin Rogovski, Renan Luiz Peixoto, Luiza Benfatti, Leonardo Teixeira Cruz, Paula Patricia de Freitas Chama, Mânlio Tasso Oliveira, Aripuanã Sakurada Aranha Watanabe, Ana Carolina Bernardes Terzian, Alice de Freitas Versiani, Margareth Regina Dibo, Francisco Chiaravalotti-Neto, Scott Cameron Weaver, Cassia Fernanda Estofolete, Nikos Vasilakis, Mauricio Lacerda Nogueira
BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has spread across Brazil with varying incidence rates depending on the affected areas. Due to cocirculation of arboviruses and overlapping disease symptoms, CHIKV infection may be underdiagnosed. To understand the lack of CHIKV epidemics in São José do Rio Preto (SJdRP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil, we evaluated viral circulation by investigating anti-CHIKV IgG seroconversion in a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals and detecting anti-CHIKV IgM in individuals suspected of dengue infection, as well as CHIKV presence in Aedes mosquitoes...
March 14, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
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