keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340875/investigating-distributions-of-inhaled-aerosols-in-the-lungs-of-post-covid-19-clusters-through-a-unified-imaging-and-modeling-approach
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuan Zhang, Frank Li, Prathish K Rajaraman, Alejandro P Comellas, Eric A Hoffman, Ching-Long Lin
BACKGROUND: Recent studies, based on clinical data, have identified sex and age as significant factors associated with an increased risk of long COVID. These two factors align with the two post-COVID-19 clusters identified by a deep learning algorithm in computed tomography (CT) lung scans: Cluster 1 (C1), comprising predominantly females with small airway diseases, and Cluster 2 (C2), characterized by older individuals with fibrotic-like patterns. This study aims to assess the distributions of inhaled aerosols in these clusters...
February 8, 2024: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38301972/a-remodeled-ivermectin-polycaprolactone-based-nanoparticles-for-inhalation-as-a-promising-treatment-of-pulmonary-inflammatory-diseases
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabaa Wafiq Mohammed, Nagia Ahmed El-Megrab, Azza A Hasan, Eman Gomaa
In recent years, ivermectin (IVM), an antiparasitic drug of low water solubility and poor oral bioavailability, has shown a profound effect on inflammatory mediators involved in diseases, such as acute lung injury, lung fibrosis, and COVID-19. In order to maximize drug bioavailability, polymeric nanoparticles can be delivered through nebulizers for pulmonary administration. The aim of this study was to prepare IVM-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) by solvent evaporation method. Box-Benkhen design (BBD) was used to optimize entrapment efficiency (Y1 ), percent drug release after 6 h (Y2 ), particle size (Y3 ), and zeta potential (Y4 )...
January 30, 2024: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291516/targeting-focal-adhesion-kinase-boosts-immune-response-in-kras-lkb1-co-mutated-lung-adenocarcinoma-via-remodeling-the-tumor-microenvironment
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meng Qiao, Fei Zhou, Xinyu Liu, Tao Jiang, Haowei Wang, Xuefei Li, Chao Zhao, Lei Cheng, Xiaoxia Chen, Shengxiang Ren, Zaiqi Wang, Caicun Zhou
BACKGROUND: KRAS mutation is one of the most common oncogenic drivers in NSCLC, however, the response to immunotherapy is heterogeneous owing to the distinct co-occurring genomic alterations. KRAS/LKB1 co-mutated lung adenocarcinoma displays poor response to PD-1 blockade whereas the mechanism remains undetermined. METHODS: We explored the specific characteristics of tumor microenvironment (TME) in KL tumors using syngeneic KRASG12D LKB1-/- (KL) and KRASG12D TP53-/- (KP) lung cancer mouse models...
January 30, 2024: Experimental Hematology & Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38282966/hydrophobic-surface-induced-pro-metastatic-cancer-cells-for-in-vitro-extravasation-models
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minseok Lee, Seunggyu Kim, Sun Young Lee, Jin Gyeong Son, Joonha Park, Seonghyeon Park, Jemin Yeun, Tae Geol Lee, Sung Gap Im, Jessie S Jeon
In vitro vascularized cancer models utilizing microfluidics have emerged as a promising tool for mechanism study and drug screening. However, the lack of consideration and preparation methods for cancer cellular sources that are capable of adequately replicating the metastatic features of circulating tumor cells contributed to low relevancy with in vivo experimental results. Here, we show that the properties of cancer cellular sources have a considerable impact on the validity of the in vitro metastasis model...
April 2024: Bioactive Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38281774/hydroxytyrosol-alleviates-methotrexate-induced-pulmonary-fibrosis-in-rats-involvement-of-tgf-%C3%AE-1-tissue-factor-and-vegf
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed F Manie, Hala M Fawzy, El-Sayed M El-Sayed
Methotrexate (MTX) is an indispensable drug used for the treatment of many autoimmune and cancerous diseases. However, its clinical use is associated with serious side effects, such as lung fibrosis. The main objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that hydroxytyrosol (HT) can mitigate MTX-induced lung fibrosis in rats while synergizing MTX anticancer effects. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in the rats using MTX (14 mg/kg/week, per os (p.o.)). The rats were treated with or without HT (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/d p...
2024: Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38245791/chalcone-derivative-l6h21-attenuates-the-ova-induced-asthma-by-targeting-md2
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangting Ge, Tingting Xu, Meiyan Wang, Lijiao Gao, Yue Tang, Ningjie Zhang, Rui Zheng, Weimin Zeng, Gaozhi Chen, Bing Zhang, Yuanrong Dai, Yali Zhang
Asthma represents a significant global challenge that affects individuals across all age groups and imposes substantial social and economic burden. Due to heterogeneity of the disease, not all patients obtain benefit with current treatments. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of MD2 on the progression of asthma using L6H21, a novel MD2 inhibitor, to identify potential targets and drug candidates for asthma treatment. To establish an asthma-related murine model and evaluate the effects of L6H21, ovalbumin (OVA) was used to sensitize and challenge mice...
January 20, 2024: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38237513/salvia-miltiorrhiza-bunge-extract-and-przewalskin-ameliorate-bleomycin-induced-pulmonary-fibrosis-by-inhibition-of-apoptosis-oxidative-stress-and-collagen-deposition-via-the-tgf-%C3%AE-1-pathway
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengnan Zeng, Aozi Feng, Yingjie Ren, Qinqin Zhang, Ru Wang, Beibei Zhang, Meng Liu, Pengli Guo, Yuhan Zhang, Jun Lyu, Xiaoke Zheng
BACKGROUND: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae) (DS) is a key part of the traditional Chinese medicine, whose roots are used to remove blood stasis, relieve pain, eliminate carbuncle and calm the nerves. Our research team found that the DS extract could significantly reverse LPS-induced lung injury, and five new diterpenoid quinones in DS extract with excellent lung protective activity for the first time. However, the material basis and mechanism of DS on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) needs to be explored in depth...
January 14, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38237032/practical-considerations-in-dose-extrapolation-from-animals-to-humans
#28
REVIEW
Anthony J Hickey, Sara E Maloney, Phillip J Kuehl, Jonathan E Phillips, Ronald K Wolff
Animal studies are an important component of drug product development and the regulatory review process since modern practices have been in place, for almost a century. A variety of experimental systems are available to generate aerosols for delivery to animals in both liquid and solid forms. The extrapolation of deposited dose in the lungs from laboratory animals to humans is challenging because of genetic, anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, and other biological differences between species. Inhaled drug delivery extrapolation requires scrutiny as the aerodynamic behavior, and its role in lung deposition is influenced not only by the properties of the drug aerosol but also by the anatomy and pulmonary function of the species in which it is being evaluated...
January 17, 2024: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38230787/platycodin-d-ameliorates-ammonia-induced-pulmonary-fibrosis-by-repressing-tgf-%C3%AE-1-mediated-extracellular-matrix-remodeling
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenqi Lian, Shihao Ge, Quanhai Pang
Ammonia can induce pulmonary fibrosis in humans and animals. Platycodin D (PLD) possesses various bioactive activities including anti-fibrotic properties. In this study, we aimed to explore the activity and mechanism of PLD in pulmonary fibrosis induced by ammonia. The mouse model of ammonia-induced lung fibrosis was established, and the role of PLD was assessed by H&E and Masson's trichrome staining. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA-seq and subjected to GO and KEGG pathway analyses...
January 2024: Chemical Biology & Drug Design
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219648/a-critical-analysis-of-the-cfd-dem-simulation-of-pharmaceutical-aerosols-deposition-in-upper-intra-thoracic-airways-considerations-on-air-flow
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G H Spasov, R Rossi, A Vanossi, C Cottini, A Benassi
A well-corroborated numerical methodology ensuring reproducibility in the modeling of pharmaceutical aerosols deposition in the respiratory system via CFD-DEM simulations within the RANS framework is currently missing. Often, inadequately clarified assumptions and approximations and the lack of evidences on their quantitative impact on the simulated deposition phenomenology, make a direct comparison among the different theoretical studies and the limited number of experiments a very challenging task. Here, with the ultimate goal of providing a critical analysis of some crucial computational aspects of aerosols deposition, we address the issues of velocity fluctuations propagation in the upper intra-thoracic airways and of the persistence of secondary flows using the SimInhale reference benchmark...
January 2, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38215955/nsf-evaluation-of-gadolinium-biodistribution-in-renally-impaired-rats-using-novel-metabolic-gd2o3-nanoparticles-coated-with-%C3%AE-cyclodextrin-gd2o3-pcd-in-mr-molecular-imaging
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanieh Ashouri, Nader Riyahi Alam, Mehdi Khoobi, Soheila Haghgoo, Zahra Rasouli, Mahdi Gholami
The use of conventional gadolinium(Gd)-based contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) poses a significant risk of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) syndrome in patients with impaired renal function (grades 4 and 5). To address this issue, a new study has introduced a novel metabolic Gadolinium oxide nanoparticle (Gd2O3 NPs) coated with β-cyclodextrin (βCD). The study aims to investigate NSF syndrome by quantifying tissue Gd deposition biodistribution in renal impairment rats using MR molecular imaging...
January 10, 2024: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38211884/therapeutic-effect-of-phycocyanin-on-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-in-mice
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Li, Qi Wang, Runze Liu, Jianing Lu, Wenju Lu, Song Qin
INTRODUCTION: The prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is closely tied to anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. Phycocyanin (PC) have numerous pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and so on. But it remains unclear whether PC can play a therapeutic role in COPD. OBJECTIVE: As inflammation and oxidative stress can aggravate the COPD, this study is to explore the effect of PC on COPD mice and its mechanisms...
January 9, 2024: Journal of Advanced Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38197850/aerosolizable-pyrazinamide-loaded-biodegradable-nanoparticles-for-the-management-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Komal Parmar, Swati Sondarva
Background: Pyrazinamide is a Biopharmaceutical Classification System class III antibiotic indicated for active tuberculosis. Methods: In the present work, pyrazinamide-loaded biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) based dry powder inhaler were developed using the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and optimized using design of experiments to provide direct pulmonary administration with minimal side effects. Batches were characterized for various physicochemical and aerosol performance properties...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38194194/aerosol-plumes-of-inhalers-used-in-copd
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Herbert Wachtel, Rachel Emerson-Stadler, Peter Langguth, Jens M Hohlfeld, Jill Ohar
INTRODUCTION: The selection of inhaler device is of critical importance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as the interaction between a patient's inhalation profile and the aerosol characteristics of an inhaler can affect drug delivery and lung deposition. This study assessed the in vitro aerosol characteristics of inhaler devices approved for the treatment of COPD, including a soft mist inhaler (SMI), pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), and dry powder inhalers (DPIs)...
January 9, 2024: Pulmonary Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38184016/aerosol-delivery-and-spatiotemporal-tissue-distribution-of-hydroxychloroquine-in-rat-lung
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenhao Xia, Aditya R Kolli, Arkadiusz K Kuczaj, Justyna Szostak, Sharon Lam, Wei Wen Toh, Asef Purwanti, Wei Teck Tan, Raymond Ng, Blaine Phillips, Manuel C Peitsch, Julia Hoeng
Inhalation enables the delivery of drugs directly to the lung, increasing the retention for prolonged exposure and maximizing the therapeutic index. However, the differential regional lung exposure kinetics and systemic pharmacokinetics are not fully known, and their estimation is critical for pulmonary drug delivery. The study evaluates the pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine in different regions of the respiratory tract for multiple routes of administration. We also evaluated the influence of different inhaled formulations on systemic and lung pharmacokinetics by identifying suitable nebulizers followed by early characterization of emitted aerosol physicochemical properties...
January 4, 2024: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38178132/vegf-and-egfr-signaling-pathways-are-involved-in-the-baicalein-attenuation-of-ova-induced-airway-inflammation-and-airway-remodeling-in-mice
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wang Peng, Qinxuan Xia, Yue Zhang, Danfeng Cao, Xiangrong Zheng
BACKGROUND: Although Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for treating asthma for centuries, the understanding of its mechanism of action is still limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the possible therapeutic effects, and underlying mechanism of baicalein in the treatment of asthma. METHODS: Freely availabled atabases (e.g. OMIM, TTD, Genecards, BATMAN-TCM, STITCH 5.0, SEA, SwissTargetPrediction) and software (e.g. Ligplot 2.2.5 and PyMoL) were used for disease drug target prediction and molecular docking by network pharmacology...
January 4, 2024: Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167826/targeted-liposomes-for-macrophages-mediated-pulmonary-fibrosis-therapy
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujie Wang, Fang Zhao, Xiangyu Wang, Haojie Zuo, Yiming Ru, Xi Cao, Yang Wang
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a horrible lung disease that causes pulmonary ventilation dysfunction and respiratory failure, severely impacting sufferers' physical and mental health. Existing drugs can only partially control the condition and are prone to toxic side effects. Anti-inflammatory treatment is the committed step to alleviate PF. Celastrol (CLT) has significant anti-inflammatory effects and can reverse M1-type transformation of macrophages. In this study, we have developed liposomes loaded with CLT, modified with folate (FA), designated FA-CLT-Lips, which facilitate drug delivery by targeting macrophages...
January 2, 2024: Drug Delivery and Translational Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38164804/utility-of-peak-inspiratory-flow-measurement-for-dry-powder-inhaler-use-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chee Hong Loh, Jill A Ohar
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Every type of dry powder inhaler (DPI) device has its own intrinsic resistance. A patient's inspiratory effort produces a pressure drop that determines the inspiratory flow, depending on the inhaler's specific internal resistance. Optimal peak inspiratory flow (PIF) is needed for effective release of dry powder, disaggregation of drug-carrier agglomerates, and optimal deposition of respirable drug particles, particularly generation of a high fine-particle fraction to reach the small airways of the lungs...
December 27, 2023: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38164243/development-of-an-effective-two-equation-turbulence-modeling-approach-for-simulating-aerosol-deposition-across-a-range-of-turbulence-levels
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hasan Jubaer, Morgan Thomas, Dale Farkas, Arun V Kolanjiyil, Mohammad A M Momin, Michael Hindle, Worth Longest
Pharmaceutical aerosol systems present a significant challenge to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling based on the need to capture multiple levels of turbulence, frequent transition between laminar and turbulent flows, anisotropic turbulent particle dispersion, and near-wall particle transport phenomena often within geometrically complex systems over multiple time scales. Two-equation turbulence models, such as the <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mi>ω</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> family of approximations, offer a computationally efficient solution approach, but are known to require the use of near-wall (NW) corrections and eddy interaction model (EIM) modifications for accurate predictions of aerosol deposition...
January 2024: Journal of Aerosol Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38143689/the-efficacy-and-safety-of-intravenous-colistin-plus-aerosolized-colistin-versus-intravenous-colistin-alone-in-critically-ill-trauma-patients-with-multi-drug-resistant-gram-negative-bacilli-infection
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loveleen Maan, Neelesh Anand, Ghanshyam Yadav, Manjaree Mishra, Munesh K Gupta
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) with potential multiple drug resistance (MDR) have emerged as a major group of organisms causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Higher concentrations are deposited directly in the lungs when antibiotics are given via inhalation, minimizing systemic side effects. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous plus aerosolized colistin versus intravenous (IV) colistin alone in critically ill trauma patients who reported MDR-GNB infection on endotracheal aspirate culture...
November 2023: Curēus
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