Hyunjoo Cha-Molstad, Ki Sa Sung, Joonsung Hwang, Kyoung A Kim, Ji Eun Yu, Young Dong Yoo, Jun Min Jang, Dong Hoon Han, Michael Molstad, Jung Gi Kim, Yoon Jee Lee, Adriana Zakrzewska, Su-Hyeon Kim, Sung Tae Kim, Sun Yong Kim, Hee Gu Lee, Nak Kyun Soung, Jong Seog Ahn, Aaron Ciechanover, Bo Yeon Kim, Yong Tae Kwon
We show that ATE1-encoded Arg-transfer RNA transferase (R-transferase) of the N-end rule pathway mediates N-terminal arginylation of multiple endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-residing chaperones, leading to their cytosolic relocalization and turnover. N-terminal arginylation of BiP (also known as GRP78), protein disulphide isomerase and calreticulin is co-induced with autophagy during innate immune responses to cytosolic foreign DNA or proteasomal inhibition, associated with increased ubiquitylation. Arginylated BiP (R-BiP) is induced by and associated with cytosolic misfolded proteins destined for p62 (also known as sequestosome 1, SQSTM1) bodies...
July 2015: Nature Cell Biology