#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdelkarim Aydi, Cherifa Ayadi, Kaouther Ghachem, Abdulaal Z Al-Khazaal, Daniel R Delgado, Mohammad Alnaief, Lioua Kolsi
The equilibrium solubility of amygdalin in [ethanol (1) + water (2)] mixtures at 293.15 K to 328.15 K was reported. The thermodynamic properties (standard enthalpy Δsoln H°, standard entropy Δsoln S°, and standard Gibbs energy of solution Δsoln G°) were computed using the generated solubility data via van't Hoff and Gibbs equations. The dissolution process of amygdalin is endothermic and the driving mechanism in all mixtures is entropy. Maximal solubility was achieved in 0.4 mole fraction of ethanol at 328...
November 16, 2020: Pharmaceuticals
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emad H M Hassanein, Fares E M Ali, Magy R Kozman, Omnia A M Abd El-Ghafar
Nephrotoxicity is the most common adverse effect of gentamicin (GNT). This study aimed to investigate the possible nephroprotective effect of umbelliferone (UMB), against GNT-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were allocated into the control group; UMB group (50 mg/kg/day, P.O. for 15 days); GNT group (100 mg/kg/day, i.p., for 8 days); and GNT + UMB group. By the end of the experimental period, serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid as well as urine KIM-1 and urine albumin/creatinine ratio were evaluated to estimate kidney function...
October 30, 2020: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#3
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Yi-Xiao Li, Deng-Lu Long, Jia Liu, Di Qiu, Jingyun Wang, Xin Cheng, Xuesong Yang, Rui-Man Li, Guang Wang
BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) produces numerous problems for maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of GDM are not clear. METHODS: In our study, we randomly assigned 22 pregnant women with fasting glucose concentrations, 1 hour oral glucose tolerance test (1H-OGTT) and 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test (2H-OGTT), different than 28 normal pregnant women from a sample of 107 pregnant women at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University in China...
October 2, 2020: Medicine (Baltimore)
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fenshuang Zheng, Junbo Zhu, Wei Zhang, Yangshan Fu, Zhaoheng Lin
The protective functions of thalidomide in paraquat (PQ)-induced injury have been reported. But the mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this research, a PQ-treated rat model was established and further treated with thalidomide. Oedema and pathological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and cell apoptosis in rat lungs were detected. A PQ-treated RLE-6TN cell model was constructed, and the viability and apoptosis rate of cells were measured. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) after thalidomide administration were screened out...
October 4, 2020: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changrong Zhang, Yongquan Huang, Peiwu Li, Xinlin Chen, Fengbin Liu, Qiuke Hou
BACKGROUND: Ginger or ginger extracts have been used in traditional medicine relieve pain caused by diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), but few data exists about its effectiveness. This present study was to validate the effect of ginger on visceral pain, and to further explore the possible underlying mechanism by which ginger is used to relieve IBS-D intestinal hypersensitivity. METHODS: First, the IBS-D rat model was established by chemical stimulation and acute and chronic pressure stimulation...
September 14, 2020: BMC complementary medicine and therapies
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingying Fan, Jian Wang, Zhihui Feng, Ke Cao, Hao Xu, Jiankang Liu
Pneumonia is a chronic disorder of the respiratory system associated with worsening quality of life and a significant economic burden. Pinitol, a plant cyclic polyol, has been documented for immune-inflammatory potential. The aim of present investigation was to evaluate the potential and possible mechanism of action of pinitol against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pneumonia in the experimental animal model. Pneumonia was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intratracheal administration of LPS (2 mg/kg). Animals were treated with either vehicle or dexamethasone or pinitol (5 or 10 or 20 mg/kg)...
January 2021: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingli Qian, Guoping Li, Xiaosheng Jin, Chunfang Ma, Wanru Cai, Na Jiang, Jisheng Zheng
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effect of emodin on intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury in rats and explore potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10, each group): normal group; saline group; acute intestinal injury model group; model + emodin group; model+NF-κB inhibitor pynolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group. Histopathological changes in intestine/lung tissues were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining...
September 30, 2020: Bioscience Reports
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhou Pan, Kang Yang, Huibo Wang, Yusha Xiao, Ming Zhang, Xi Yu, Tao Xu, Tao Bai, Hengcheng Zhu
Renal fibrosis, which is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in the renal tubulointerstitium, can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The role of microfiber-associated protein 4 (MFAP4), which is an ECM protein that interacts with elastin and collagen, in renal fibrosis has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the role of MFAP4 in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism using in vivo and in vitro models. The MFAP4-/- mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to elucidate the role of MFAP4 in renal fibrosis in vivo...
September 9, 2020: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander M Gorbushin
The transcriptome of the caenogastropod mollusk Littorina littorea was scanned for the presence of sequences encoding Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and corresponding proteins involved in downstream TLR signaling pathway. In the transcriptomic snapshots of hemocytes and kidney tissues, 45 complete TLRs encoded by 35 genes were identified. Out of the 59 non-TLR molecules involved in a canonical TLR signaling pathway, 35 genes were classified as homologous and could be placed within the TLR-mediated MyD88-and MAPK-dependent circuitries...
August 21, 2020: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang Dai, Yu-Ting Du, Ya-Long Zheng, Bo Zhou
Chronic inflammation mediated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a crucial role in the development of cancer. As part of our continuous efforts placed on investigating anticancer mechanisms of dietary catechols, we further applied catechol-type diphenylbutadiene (3,4-DHB) as a model molecule to probe whether it inhibits inflammation by its pro-oxidative role. Employing lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells as a model of inflammation, we validated that benefiting from its catechol moiety, 3,4-DHB inhibited significantly the LPS-induced formation of NO (11...
September 16, 2020: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed L Alaofi
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a complicated inauspicious outcome of diabetes, like other abnormalities of diabetes the cause of DN is still vague and it may be the result of various pathological conditions leading up to end-stage renal failure. The present study examines the efficacy of sinapic acid (SA) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN nephropathy and the linked pathway. Twenty-four rats were equally divided randomly into four categories: Normal control (NC), STZ, STZ + SA 20 mg/kg bw, and STZ + SA 40 mg/kg bw...
2020: Frontiers in Pharmacology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eugenio Cersosimo, Xiaojing Xu, Tomoko Terasawa, Lily Q Dong
After confirmation of the presence of adiponectin (ADPN) receptors and intra-cellular binding proteins in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (VSMC), we tested the hypotheses that, in acute insulin resistance: (i) the activation/inactivation of metabolic and mitogenic insulin signaling pathways are inversely affected by ADPN and, (ii) changes in VSMC migration/proliferation rates correlate with signal activity/inactivity. In primary cultures of VSMC exposed to high glucose and palmitate plus insulin, the expression of PI-3 kinase (Akt and m-TOR), MAP-Kinase (Erk and p-38) molecules, and inflammatory markers (TLR-4 and IkB-α) were assessed with Western blot, in the absence/presence of AdipoRon (AR)...
September 2020: Molecular Biology Reports
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengri Jin, Xin Li, Hyun Jae Lee, Choong Jae Lee
In this study, diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was investigated for its potential effect on the gene expression and production of airway MUC5AC mucin. The human respiratory epithelial NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with diclofenac for 30 min and stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), for the following 24 h. The effect of diclofenac on PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway was also investigated. Diclofenac suppressed the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucins, induced by PMA through the inhibition of degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IkBα) and NF-kB p65 nuclear translocation...
August 5, 2020: Biomolecules & Therapeutics
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kun-Liu, Jian-Ying Wang, Lei Zhang, Ying-Yi Pan, Xiao-Yun Chen, Ying Yuan
Betulinic acid (BA) inhibits the migration, invasion, and cytoskeletal reorganization of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Here, to further explore the mechanism of action of BA in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, we investigated the pharmacodynamic effects of BA on synovial inflammation in a rat model of type II CIA. After inducing hind paw swelling, the rats were divided into four groups: healthy controls (normal), and rats that underwent CIA and received methotrexate treatment (MTX), BA treatment (BA), or no treatment (CIA)...
January 2020: International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yandong Zhang, Chengyuan Ma, Chunshui Liu, Wei Wu
BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is an important nuclear transcription factor in cells, involving in a series of processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. In this study, we explored the specific mechanism of NF-κB on the differentiation of osteoclasts. METHODS: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression microarray data GSE105027 related to osteoarthritis was obtained to screen out the differentially expressed miRNA. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) was used to induce THP-1 cells to differentiate into macrophages, followed by induction to osteoclasts using macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)...
October 1, 2020: Life Sciences
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jun Liu, Zhengkun Zhu, Leibo Wang, Jixiang Du, Biao Zhang, Xuequan Feng, Guobin Zhang
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), known as intracranial injury, has been a serious threat to human health. Evidence exists indicating that autophagy and inflammatory responses contribute to secondary brain injury after TBI. Notably, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (Ripk1) exerts an important role in cell autophagy. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of Ripk1 on neuron autophagy and apoptosis in TBI. Initially, blood samples of patients with TBI and healthy persons were collected to detect the expression of Ripk1, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and NF-kB inhibitor α (IKBα)...
September 2020: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seyed Mojtaba Ghiasi, Jakob Bondo Hansen, Dan Ploug Christensen, Björn Tyrberg, Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen
BACKGROUND: Intercellular communication mediated by cationic fluxes through the Connexin family of gap junctions regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta cell defense against inflammatory stress. Rotigaptide (RG, ZP123) is a peptide analog that increases intercellular conductance in cardiac muscle cells by the prevention of dephosphorylation and thereby uncoupling of Connexin-43 (Cx43), possibly via action on unidentified protein phosphatases. For this reason, it is being studied in human arrhythmias...
June 17, 2020: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Luo, Yue Tian, Chunrong Zhao
PURPOSE: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has many adverse effects on offspring, such as abnormal glycolipid metabolism, obesity, insulin resistance, mental retardation, schizophrenia and so on. METHODS: We established a GDM rat model by injecting 1% streptozotocin associated with a high-fat diet one week before pregnancy, and offspring rats were sacrificed at 8 weeks of age to obtain liver tissue for study. We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe liver morphological changes, Tunel staining for hepatocyte apoptosis, transmission electron microscope for liver ultrastructure, and western blot for protein expression in liver tissue...
September 15, 2020: Life Sciences
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xingtang Niu, Xunxun Lin, Xiaoqian Chen, Shuqia Xu, Zhipeng Huang, Qing Tang
One of the main mechanisms of keloid formation is the persistent chronic inflammation, which initiates the activation of keloid-derived fibroblasts (KFs) and boosts the production of extracellular matrix. Meanwhile, 95% of the ultraviolet rays that reach the Earth are long-wave ultraviolet (UVA). However, the effect of UVA on keloids is currently unclear. The objective of our research is to investigate UVA's impact on keloids. Cell viability assay, migration assay and cell cycle analysis were conducted. UVA's impacts on gene expressions were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence...
May 20, 2020: Journal of Burn Care & Research: Official Publication of the American Burn Association
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naif O Al-Harbi, Faisal Imam, Mohammad Matar Alharbi, Mohammad Rashid Khan, Wajhul Qamar, Muhammad Afzal, Mohammad Algahtani, Saad Alobaid, Ali Salim Alfardan, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Thamer H Albekairi, Khalid Saad Alharbi
Rivaroxaban (RIVA) inhibits factor Xa and exhibits antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting several cellular signaling molecules. Sunitinib (SUN) is FDA approved first-line drug for metastatic renal cancers and advanced cancerous states of gastrointestinal tract. Present hypothesis was aimed to examine the nephroprotective potential of RIVA in SUN-induced nephrotoxicity, mediated through the inhibition of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation, via the TNF-α/NFk-B signaling pathways...
August 2020: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis