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JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Döppner, D A Callahan, O A Hurricane, D E Hinkel, T Ma, H-S Park, L F Berzak Hopkins, D T Casey, P Celliers, E L Dewald, T R Dittrich, S W Haan, A L Kritcher, A MacPhee, S Le Pape, A Pak, P K Patel, P T Springer, J D Salmonson, R Tommasini, L R Benedetti, E Bond, D K Bradley, J Caggiano, J Church, S Dixit, D Edgell, M J Edwards, D N Fittinghoff, J Frenje, M Gatu Johnson, G Grim, R Hatarik, M Havre, H Herrmann, N Izumi, S F Khan, J L Kline, J Knauer, G A Kyrala, O L Landen, F E Merrill, J Moody, A S Moore, A Nikroo, J E Ralph, B A Remington, H F Robey, D Sayre, M Schneider, H Streckert, R Town, D Turnbull, P L Volegov, A Wan, K Widmann, C H Wilde, C Yeamans
We report on the first layered deuterium-tritium (DT) capsule implosions indirectly driven by a "high-foot" laser pulse that were fielded in depleted uranium hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility. Recently, high-foot implosions have demonstrated improved resistance to ablation-front Rayleigh-Taylor instability induced mixing of ablator material into the DT hot spot [Hurricane et al., Nature (London) 506, 343 (2014)]. Uranium hohlraums provide a higher albedo and thus an increased drive equivalent to an additional 25 TW laser power at the peak of the drive compared to standard gold hohlraums leading to higher implosion velocity...
July 31, 2015: Physical Review Letters
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L F Berzak Hopkins, N B Meezan, S Le Pape, L Divol, A J Mackinnon, D D Ho, M Hohenberger, O S Jones, G Kyrala, J L Milovich, A Pak, J E Ralph, J S Ross, L R Benedetti, J Biener, R Bionta, E Bond, D Bradley, J Caggiano, D Callahan, C Cerjan, J Church, D Clark, T Döppner, R Dylla-Spears, M Eckart, D Edgell, J Field, D N Fittinghoff, M Gatu Johnson, G Grim, N Guler, S Haan, A Hamza, E P Hartouni, R Hatarik, H W Herrmann, D Hinkel, D Hoover, H Huang, N Izumi, S Khan, B Kozioziemski, J Kroll, T Ma, A MacPhee, J McNaney, F Merrill, J Moody, A Nikroo, P Patel, H F Robey, J R Rygg, J Sater, D Sayre, M Schneider, S Sepke, M Stadermann, W Stoeffl, C Thomas, R P J Town, P L Volegov, C Wild, C Wilde, E Woerner, C Yeamans, B Yoxall, J Kilkenny, O L Landen, W Hsing, M J Edwards
Recent experiments on the National Ignition Facility [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] demonstrate that utilizing a near-vacuum hohlraum (low pressure gas-filled) is a viable option for high convergence cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) layered capsule implosions. This is made possible by using a dense ablator (high-density carbon), which shortens the drive duration needed to achieve high convergence: a measured 40% higher hohlraum efficiency than typical gas-filled hohlraums, which requires less laser energy going into the hohlraum, and an observed better symmetry control than anticipated by standard hydrodynamics simulations...
May 1, 2015: Physical Review Letters
#23
LETTER
Emilia P Nartshuk, Olavi Kurina
A special survey was undertaken to study the insects living in the sporophores of Basidiomycota in Benin, Africa. Three specimens of Chloropidae, which are described here as a new species of Gaurax Loew, were reared from two fruiting bodies of different species of fungi: Amanita subviscosa Beeli and a species of Boletaceae. The fungi were collected from Miombo woodlands in Central Benin. Fruiting bodies were placed in plastic containers covered with nylon gauze, while sawdust was used as a pupariation substrate...
October 16, 2014: Zootaxa
#24
LETTER
Igor Ya Grichanov, Mathias Kaae, Thomas Pape
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 18, 2014: Zootaxa
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T R Dittrich, O A Hurricane, D A Callahan, E L Dewald, T Döppner, D E Hinkel, L F Berzak Hopkins, S Le Pape, T Ma, J L Milovich, J C Moreno, P K Patel, H-S Park, B A Remington, J D Salmonson, J L Kline
The National Ignition Campaign's [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] point design implosion has achieved DT neutron yields of 7.5×10(14) neutrons, inferred stagnation pressures of 103 Gbar, and inferred areal densities (ρR) of 0.90 g/cm2 (shot N111215), values that are lower than 1D expectations by factors of 10×, 3.3×, and 1.5×, respectively. In this Letter, we present the design basis for an inertial confinement fusion capsule using an alternate indirect-drive pulse shape that is less sensitive to issues that may be responsible for this lower than expected performance...
February 7, 2014: Physical Review Letters
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristina Pagliano, Jon Nield, Francesco Marsano, Tillmann Pape, Simone Barera, Guido Saracco, James Barber
In higher plants a variable number of peripheral LHCII trimers can strongly (S), moderately (M) or loosely (L) associate with the dimeric PSII core (C2) complex via monomeric Lhcb proteins to form PSII-LHCII supercomplexes with different structural organizations. By solubilizing isolated stacked pea thylakoid membranes either with the α or β isomeric forms of the detergent n-dodecyl-D-maltoside, followed by sucrose density ultracentrifugation, we previously showed that PSII-LHCII supercomplexes of types C2S2M2 and C2S2, respectively, can be isolated [S...
September 2014: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeepa Dey, Senmiao Zhan, Hiroaki Matsunami
Innate social behaviors like intermale aggression, fear, and mating rituals are important for survival and propagation of a species. In mice, these behaviors have been implicated to be mediated by peptide pheromones that are sensed by a class of G protein-coupled receptors, vomeronasal receptor type 2 (V2Rs), expressed in the pheromone-detecting vomeronasal organ (VNO) (Chamero et al., Nature 450:899-902, 2007; Haga et al., Nature 466:118-122, 2010; Kimoto et al., Curr Biol 17:1879-1884, 2007; Leinders-Zufall et al...
2013: Methods in Molecular Biology
#28
COMMENT
Anders Pape Møller, Timothy Alexander Mousseau
Recent nuclear accidents have prompted renewed interest in the fitness consequences of low-dose radiation. Hiyama et al. provided information on such effects in the Japanese pale grass blue butterfly in a paper that has been viewed more than 300,000 times, prompting a barrage of criticism. These exchanges highlight the role of scrutiny in studies with potential effects on humans, but also raise questions about minimum requirements for demonstrating biological effects.
2013: BMC Biology
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H F Robey, J D Moody, P M Celliers, J S Ross, J Ralph, S Le Pape, L Berzak Hopkins, T Parham, J Sater, E R Mapoles, D M Holunga, C F Walters, B J Haid, B J Kozioziemski, R J Dylla-Spears, K G Krauter, G Frieders, G Ross, M W Bowers, D J Strozzi, B E Yoxall, A V Hamza, B Dzenitis, S D Bhandarkar, B Young, B M Van Wonterghem, L J Atherton, O L Landen, M J Edwards, T R Boehly
The first measurements of multiple, high-pressure shock waves in cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) ice layered capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility have been performed. The strength and relative timing of these shocks must be adjusted to very high precision in order to keep the DT fuel entropy low and compressibility high. All previous measurements of shock timing in inertial confinement fusion implosions [T. R. Boehly et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 195005 (2011), H. F. Robey et al., Phys...
August 9, 2013: Physical Review Letters
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H F Robey, P M Celliers, J L Kline, A J Mackinnon, T R Boehly, O L Landen, J H Eggert, D Hicks, S Le Pape, D R Farley, M W Bowers, K G Krauter, D H Munro, O S Jones, J L Milovich, D Clark, B K Spears, R P J Town, S W Haan, S Dixit, M B Schneider, E L Dewald, K Widmann, J D Moody, T D Döppner, H B Radousky, A Nikroo, J J Kroll, A V Hamza, J B Horner, S D Bhandarkar, E Dzenitis, E Alger, E Giraldez, C Castro, K Moreno, C Haynam, K N LaFortune, C Widmayer, M Shaw, K Jancaitis, T Parham, D M Holunga, C F Walters, B Haid, T Malsbury, D Trummer, K R Coffee, B Burr, L V Berzins, C Choate, S J Brereton, S Azevedo, H Chandrasekaran, S Glenzer, J A Caggiano, J P Knauer, J A Frenje, D T Casey, M Gatu Johnson, F H Séguin, B K Young, M J Edwards, B M Van Wonterghem, J Kilkenny, B J MacGowan, J Atherton, J D Lindl, D D Meyerhofer, E Moses
Ignition implosions on the National Ignition Facility [J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 339 (2004)] are underway with the goal of compressing deuterium-tritium fuel to a sufficiently high areal density (ρR) to sustain a self-propagating burn wave required for fusion power gain greater than unity. These implosions are driven with a very carefully tailored sequence of four shock waves that must be timed to very high precision to keep the fuel entropy and adiabat low and ρR high. The first series of precision tuning experiments on the National Ignition Facility, which use optical diagnostics to directly measure the strength and timing of all four shocks inside a hohlraum-driven, cryogenic liquid-deuterium-filled capsule interior have now been performed...
May 25, 2012: Physical Review Letters
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A B Zylstra, C K Li, H G Rinderknecht, F H Séguin, R D Petrasso, C Stoeckl, D D Meyerhofer, P Nilson, T C Sangster, S Le Pape, A Mackinnon, P Patel
The recent development of petawatt-class lasers with kilojoule-picosecond pulses, such as OMEGA EP [L. Waxer et al., Opt. Photonics News 16, 30 (2005)], provides a new diagnostic capability to study inertial-confinement-fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density (HED) plasmas. Specifically, petawatt OMEGA EP pulses have been used to backlight OMEGA implosions with energetic proton beams generated through the target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) mechanism. This allows time-resolved studies of the mass distribution and electromagnetic field structures in ICF and HED plasmas...
January 2012: Review of Scientific Instruments
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati, Anders Pape Møller, Geir Rudolfsen, Nicola Saino, Manuela Caprioli, Shanna Ostermiller, Timothy A Mousseau
Sperm are highly susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage sperm DNA and structure, resulting in reduced fertilizing capacity. Exposure to radioactive contamination can also impair sperm swimming behavior and fertilizing ability, both through a reduction of sperm DNA integrity and via an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the relationship between individual oxidative status and sperm swimming behavior has never been investigated in any wild population of animals exposed to radioactive contamination...
June 2011: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W J Pape, U Pfannenbecker, H Argembeaux, M Bracher, D J Esdaile, S Hagino, Y Kasai, R W Lewis
The red blood cell test (RBC test) is part of the COLIPA Validation Project on Alternatives to Draize Eye Irritation. It shows good intra- and interlaboratory reproducibility (reliability) and represents one of the promising in vitro alternatives of this project with a good fit to prediction models (relevance) for the assessment of acute ocular irritancy caused by certain classes of chemicals (mainly surfactants) and formulations. Results obtained during the period of test development, prevalidation, and validation are summarized...
April 1999: Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P G Brantom, L H Bruner, M Chamberlain, O De Silva, J Dupuis, L K Earl, D P Lovell, W J Pape, M Uttley, D M Bagley, F W Baker, M Bracher, P Courtellemont, L Declercq, S Freeman, W Steiling, A P Walker, G J Carr, N Dami, G Thomas, J Harbell, P A Jones, U Pfannenbecker, J A Southee, M Tcheng, H Argembeaux, D Castelli, R Clothier, D J Esdaile, H Itigaki, K Jung, Y Kasai, H Kojima, U Kristen, M Larnicol, R W Lewis, K Marenus, O Moreno, A Peterson, E S Rasmussen, C Robles, M Stern
The principal goal of this study was to determine whether the results from a set of selected currently available alternative methods as used by cosmetics companies are valid for predicting the eye irritation potential of cosmetics formulations and ingredients and, as a consequence, could be valid replacements for the Draize eye irritation test. For the first time in a validation study, prediction models (PMs) that convert the in vitro data from an assay to a prediction of eye irritation were developed for each alternative method before the study began...
February 1997: Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
#35
COMMENT
Ivan Rodriguez
Rodents exhibit an innate fear-like behavior when they sense the chemical traces of predators. In this issue, Papes et al. (2010) report that the major urinary proteins (Mups) released by predators are detected by sensory neurons in the mouse vomeronasal organ (which also detects pheromones involved in aggression), triggering a fear response.
May 14, 2010: Cell
#36
COMMENT
David Tarlinton, Andrew Lew
The participation of B and T cells in an immune response requires their separate activation by different forms of the target antigen. In this issue of Immunity, Pape et al. (2007) describe antigen entry into the B cell areas in the lymph node without degradation or cellular assistance.
April 2007: Immunity
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gonzalo Pizarro, Eduardo Ríos
In skeletal muscle, the waveform of Ca(2+) release under clamp depolarization exhibits an early peak. Its decay reflects an inactivation, which locally corresponds to the termination of Ca(2+) sparks, and is crucial for rapid control. In cardiac muscle, both the frequency of spontaneous sparks (i.e., their activation) and their termination appear to be strongly dependent on the Ca(2+) content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In skeletal muscle, no such role is established. Seeking a robust measurement of Ca(2+) release and a way to reliably modify the SR content, we combined in the same cells the "EGTA/phenol red" method (Pape et al...
September 2004: Journal of General Physiology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arne Wagner, Wolfgang Krach, Kurt Schicho, Gerhard Undt, Oliver Ploder, Rolf Ewers
OBJECTIVE: The condylar region is one of the most frequent sites for mandibular fractures, with direct application of miniplates being the most commonly used open-fixation technique today. Yet, anatomic and biomechanical limitations continue to make this application technically challenging with a considerable complication rate. We sought to analyze such incongruencies with respect to the complex biomechanical behavior of the mandible. STUDY DESIGN: Individual human mandible geometry, the specific bone density distribution, and the position and orientation of the masticatory muscles were evaluated by performing computed tomography scans and a sequential dissection of the cadaver mandible...
December 2002: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
#39
Horst Spielmann, Manfred Liebsch, Beate Döring, Ferdinand Moldenhauer
In a joint project six laboratories from the European cosmetics industry (COLIPA) as well as from FRAME (England) and ZEBET (Germany) are validating in vitro methods to be incorporated into new international guidelines for photoirritancy testing. During the first stage of the study it was attempted to select the most promising in vitro photoirritancy tests for further validation. Twenty chemicals with known photoirritation properties (12 phototoxins (PT), 4 non-PTs and 4 UV absorbing non-PTs) were tested under identical UV exposure conditions (5 J/cm2, UV-A sun simulator) in a standardized cytotoxicty assay using 3T3 fibroblasts (endpoint): Neutral red uptake, NRU)...
1994: ALTEX
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T J Rea, R B DeMattos, R Homan, R S Newton, M E Pape
A partial rabbit cDNA clone (14b) for ACAT has been characterized and used to demonstrate that hepatic and aortic ACAT mRNA14b abundance increased 2-3-fold in rabbits receiving a high fat/high cholesterol-diet compared to chow fed animals (Pape et al. (1995) J. Lipid Res. 36, 823-838). Because of those data we hypothesized that increased hepatic cholesteryl ester mass and synthesis rates in rabbit liver cells are associated with an increase in ACAT mRNA14b levels. To test this hypothesis we altered cellular cholesteryl ester mass and synthesis rates in primary parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells using various extracellular agents and measured the accumulated mass of ACAT mRNA14b...
January 5, 1996: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
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