keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534948/biomarker-turnaround-times-and-impact-on-treatment-decisions-in-patients-with-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-at-a-large-canadian-community-hospital-with-an-affiliated-regional-cancer-centre
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelyn E Fleming, Ava Hupel, Hamid Mithoowani, Tea Lulic-Kuryllo, Mario Valdes
Background : Timely reporting of molecular biomarkers is critical in guiding optimal treatment decisions in patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Any delays along the tissue or treatment pathway may be associated with suboptimal treatment/outcomes and a reduced quality of life. For many centres, biomarkers are tested off-site. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 123 patients with advanced NSCLC seen between 1 June 2021 and 30 June 2022 was conducted. With a focus on core biomarkers (PD L1, EGFR, and ALK), the outcome variables were as follows: total turnaround time (total TAT), divided into pre-laboratory, laboratory, and post-laboratory time intervals, as well as time to treatment decision (TOTD) and time to optimal systemic therapy decision (TOTSD)...
March 14, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534939/-177-lu-psma-617-in-metastatic-castration-resistant-prostate-cancer-a-review-of-the-evidence-and-implications-for-canadian-clinical-practice
#22
REVIEW
Kim N Chi, Steven M Yip, Glenn Bauman, Stephan Probst, Urban Emmenegger, Christian K Kollmannsberger, Patrick Martineau, Tamim Niazi, Frédéric Pouliot, Ricardo Rendon, Sebastien J Hotte, David T Laidley, Fred Saad
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed in prostate cancer and a therapeutic target. Lutetium-177 (177 Lu)-PSMA-617 is the first radioligand therapy to be approved in Canada for use in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). As this treatment represents a new therapeutic class, guidance regarding how to integrate it into clinical practice is needed. This article aims to review the evidence from prospective phase 2 and 3 clinical trials and meta-analyses of observational studies on the use of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 in prostate cancer and discuss how Canadian clinicians might best apply these data in practice...
March 7, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534931/real-world-analysis-of-the-clinical-and-economic-impact-of-the-21-gene-recurrence-score-rs-in-invasive-lobular-early-stage-breast-carcinoma-in-ireland
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lynda M McSorley, Mehala Tharmabala, Fathiya Al Rahbi, Fergus Keane, Denis Evoy, James G Geraghty, Jane Rothwell, Damian P McCartan, Megan Greally, Miriam O'Connor, Deirdre O'Mahony, Maccon Keane, Michael John Kennedy, Seamus O'Reilly, Steve J Millen, John P Crown, Catherine M Kelly, Ruth S Prichard, Cecily M Quinn, Janice M Walshe
Background: This study, using real-world data, assesses the impact of RS testing on treatment pathways and the associated economic consequences of such testing. This paper pertains to lobular breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was undertaken between 2011 and 2019 on a cross-section of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative, lymph node-negative, early-stage breast cancer patients. All patients had ILC and had RS testing in Ireland. The patient population is representative of the national population...
March 1, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534928/adapting-an-adolescent-and-young-adult-program-housed-in-a-quaternary-cancer-centre-to-a-regional-cancer-centre-creating-equitable-access-to-developmentally-tailored-support
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marlie Smith, Simone Kurup, Kaviya Devaraja, Shaayini Shanawaz, Lorrie Reynolds, Jill Ross, Andrea Bezjak, Abha A Gupta, Alisha Kassam
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer, representing those between 15 and 39 years of age, face distinctive challenges balancing their life stage with the physical, emotional, and social impacts of a cancer diagnosis. These challenges include fertility concerns, disruptions to educational and occupational pursuits, issues related to body image and sexual health, and the need for age-appropriate psychosocial support within their communities. The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM), a quaternary care center, established a specialized AYA program in 2014, offering holistic and developmentally tailored psychosocial support and currently, efforts are underway to expand this to other regions in the province to address the need for equitable access...
February 27, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534922/unlocking-the-potential-of-therapy-induced-cytokine-responses-illuminating-new-pathways-in-cancer-precision-medicine
#25
REVIEW
Dilip R Gunturu, Mohammed Hassan, Deepa Bedi, Pran Datta, Upender Manne, Temesgen Samuel
Precision cancer medicine primarily aims to identify individual patient genomic variations and exploit vulnerabilities in cancer cells to select suitable patients for specific drugs. These genomic features are commonly determined by gene sequencing prior to therapy, to identify individuals who would be most responsive. This precision approach in cancer therapeutics remains a powerful tool that benefits a smaller pool of patients, sparing others from unnecessary treatments. A limitation of this approach is that proteins, not genes, are the ultimate effectors of biological functions, and therefore the targets of therapeutics...
February 23, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534887/navigating-lymphomas-through-bcr-signaling-and-double-hit-insights-overview
#26
REVIEW
Antonella Argentiero, Alessandro Andriano, Donatello Marziliano, Vanessa Desantis
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating from B, T, or NK lymphocytes. They represent approximately 4-5% of new cancer cases and are classified according to the revised WHO system based on cell lineage, morphology, immunophenotype, and genetics. Diagnosis requires adequate biopsy material, though integrated approaches are used for leukemic presentations. Molecular profiling is improving classification and identifying prognostic markers. Indolent NHLs, such as follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma, typically pursue a non-aggressive clinical course with long survival...
March 21, 2024: Hematology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534772/5-aza-upregulates-socs3-and-ptpn6-shp1-inhibiting-stat3-and-potentiating-the-effects-of-ag490-against-primary-effusion-lymphoma-cells
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Di Crosta, Andrea Arena, Rossella Benedetti, Maria Saveria Gilardini Montani, Mara Cirone
Epigenetic modifications, including aberrant DNA methylation occurring at the promoters of oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes and histone modifications, can contribute to carcinogenesis. Aberrant methylation mediated by histone methylatransferases, alongside histones, can affect methylation of proteins involved in the regulation of pro-survival pathways such as JAK/STAT and contribute to their activation. In this study, we used DNA or histone demethylating agents, 5-Azacytidine (5-AZA) or DS-3201 (valemetostat), respectively, to treat primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells, alone or in combination with AG490, a Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor...
March 14, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534770/the-combination-of-oolonghomobisflavan-b-and-diallyl-disulfide-induces-apoptotic-cell-death-via-67-kda-laminin-receptor-cyclic-guanosine-monophosphate-in-acute-myeloid-leukemia-cells
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaehoon Bae, Su-Jin Park
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a well-known principal functional component derived from garlic ( Allium sativum ) that has various health benefits. Previously, we identified a 67-kDa laminin receptor, a receptor for oolong tea polyphenol oolonghomobisflavan B (OHBFB). However, its molecular mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that DADS synergistically enhanced the effect of the oolong tea polyphenol oolonghomobisflavan B (OHBFB), which induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cancer cells without affecting normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)...
March 14, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534761/genetic-signatures-for-distinguishing-chemo-sensitive-from-chemo-resistant-responders-in-prostate-cancer-patients
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lemohang Gumenku, Mamello Sekhoacha, Beynon Abrahams, Samson Mashele, Aubrey Shoko, Ochuko L Erukainure
Prostate cancer remains a significant public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly impacting South Africa with high mortality rates. Despite many years of extensive research and significant financial expenditure, there has yet to be a definitive solution to prostate cancer. It is not just individuals who vary in their response to treatment, but even different nodules within the same tumor exhibit unique transcriptome patterns. These distinctions extend beyond mere differences in gene expression levels to encompass the control and networking of individual genes...
March 11, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534742/ultraviolet-radiation-biological-and-medical-implications
#30
REVIEW
Tarek Al-Sadek, Nabiha Yusuf
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a crucial role in the development of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The types of UV radiation are differentiated by wavelength: UVA (315 to 400 nm), UVB (280 to 320 nm), and UVC (100 to 280 nm). UV radiation can cause direct DNA damage in the forms of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs). In addition, UV radiation can also cause DNA damage indirectly through photosensitization reactions caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which manifest as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG)...
February 29, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534736/unraveling-the-multifaceted-role-of-the-mir-17-92-cluster-in-colorectal-cancer-from-mechanisms-to-biomarker-potential
#31
REVIEW
Hakeemah H Al-Nakhle
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease driven by intricate mechanisms, making it challenging to understand and manage. The miR-17-92 cluster has gained significant attention in CRC research due to its diverse functions and crucial role in various aspects of the disease. This cluster, consisting of multiple individual miRNAs, influences critical processes like tumor initiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Beyond its roles in tumorigenesis and progression, miR-17-92's dysregulation in CRC has substantial implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, including chemotherapy responsiveness...
February 28, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534733/in-silico-approach-to-molecular-profiling-of-the-transition-from-ovarian-epithelial-cells-to-low-grade-serous-ovarian-tumors-for-targeted-therapeutic-insights
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asim Leblebici, Ceren Sancar, Bahar Tercan, Zerrin Isik, Mehmet Emin Arayici, Ender Berat Ellidokuz, Yasemin Basbinar, Nuri Yildirim
This paper aims to elucidate the differentially coexpressed genes, their potential mechanisms, and possible drug targets in low-grade invasive serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSC) in terms of the biologic continuity of normal, borderline, and malignant LGSC. We performed a bioinformatics analysis, integrating datasets generated using the GPL570 platform from different studies from the GEO database to identify changes in this transition, gene expression, drug targets, and their relationships with tumor microenvironmental characteristics...
February 26, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534727/targeting-cdk9-in-cancer-an-integrated-approach-of-combining-in-silico-screening-with-experimental-validation-for-novel-degraders
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahesh Koirala, Mario DiPaola
The persistent threat of cancer remains a significant hurdle for global health, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches in the quest for successful therapeutic interventions. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), a central player in transcription regulation and cell cycle progression, has emerged as a promising target to combat cancer. Its pivotal role in oncogenic pathways and the pressing need for novel cancer treatments has propelled CDK9 into the spotlight of drug discovery efforts. This article presents a comprehensive study that connects a multidisciplinary approach, combining computational methodologies, experimental validation, and the transformative Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology...
February 22, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534460/-ptch1-gene-variants-mrna-expression-and-bioinformatics-insights-in-mexican-cutaneous-squamous-cell-carcinoma-patients
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marianela Zambrano-Román, Jorge R Padilla-Gutiérrez, Yeminia Valle, José Francisco Muñoz-Valle, Elizabeth Guevara-Gutiérrez, Patricia Aidé López-Olmos, Laura Cristina Sepúlveda-Loza, Luis Alberto Bautista-Herrera, Emmanuel Valdés-Alvarado
BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) constitutes 20% of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) cases. PTCH1 , a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, plays a crucial role in neoplastic processes. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study, encompassing 211 cSCC patients and 290 individuals in a control group (CG), was performed. A subgroup of samples was considered for the relative expression analysis, and the results were obtained using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) with TaqMan® probes...
March 16, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534388/grafted-sertoli-cells-exert-immunomodulatory-non-immunosuppressive-effects-in-preclinical-models-of-infection-and-cancer
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Chiappalupi, Laura Salvadori, Monica Borghi, Francesca Mancuso, Marilena Pariano, Francesca Riuzzi, Giovanni Luca, Luigina Romani, Iva Arato, Guglielmo Sorci
The Sertoli cells (SeCs) of the seminiferous tubules secrete a multitude of immunoregulatory and trophic factors to provide immune protection and assist in the orderly development of germ cells. Grafts of naked or encapsulated SeCs have been proved to represent an interesting therapeutic option in a plethora of experimental models of diseases. However, whether SeCs have immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory effects, which is imperative for their clinical translatability, has not been demonstrated. We directly assessed the immunopotential of intraperitoneally grafted microencapsulated porcine SeCs (MC-SeCs) in murine models of fungal infection ( Aspergillus fumigatus or Candida albicans ) or cancer (Lewis lung carcinoma/LLC or B16 melanoma cells)...
March 19, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534385/ezh2-myc-hallmark-in-oncovirus-cytomegalovirus-infections-and-cytomegalovirus-resemblance-to-oncoviruses
#36
REVIEW
Ranim El Baba, Georges Herbein
Approximately 15-20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections. Oncoviruses employ various molecular strategies to enhance replication and persistence. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), acting as an initiator or promoter, enables immune evasion, supporting tumor growth. HCMV activates pro-oncogenic pathways within infected cells and direct cellular transformation. Thus, HCMV demonstrates characteristics reminiscent of oncoviruses. Cumulative evidence emphasizes the crucial roles of EZH2 and Myc in oncogenesis and stemness...
March 19, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534365/tnf-related-apoptosis-inducing-ligand-non-apoptotic-signalling
#37
REVIEW
Abderrahmane Guerrache, Olivier Micheau
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL or Apo2 or TNFSF10) belongs to the TNF superfamily. When bound to its agonistic receptors, TRAIL can induce apoptosis in tumour cells, while sparing healthy cells. Over the last three decades, this tumour selectivity has prompted many studies aiming at evaluating the anti-tumoral potential of TRAIL or its derivatives. Although most of these attempts have failed, so far, novel formulations are still being evaluated. However, emerging evidence indicates that TRAIL can also trigger a non-canonical signal transduction pathway that is likely to be detrimental for its use in oncology...
March 16, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534354/the-potential-of-mushroom-extracts-to-improve-chemotherapy-efficacy-in-cancer-cells-a-systematic-review
#38
REVIEW
Jéssica Fonseca, Josiana A Vaz, Sara Ricardo
Chemoresistance is a challenge in cancer treatment, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Mushroom extracts have shown potential as treatments for cancer therapies, offering a possible solution to overcome chemoresistance. This systematic review aimed to explore the role of mushroom extracts in enhancing chemotherapy and reversing chemoresistance in cancer cells. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the PRISMA guidelines, and registered on PROSPERO. The extracts acted by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, as well as enhancing the effect of chemotherapy...
March 14, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534324/functional-selectivity-of-cannabinoid-type-1-g-protein-coupled-receptor-agonists-in-transactivating-glycosylated-receptors-on-cancer-cells-to-induce-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-metastatic-phenotype
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David A Bunsick, Jenna Matsukubo, Rashelle Aldbai, Leili Baghaie, Myron R Szewczuk
Understanding the role of biased G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonism in receptor signaling may provide novel insights into the opposing effects mediated by cannabinoids, particularly in cancer and cancer metastasis. GPCRs can have more than one active state, a phenomenon called either 'biased agonism', 'functional selectivity', or 'ligand-directed signaling'. However, there are increasing arrays of cannabinoid allosteric ligands with different degrees of modulation, called 'biased modulation', that can vary dramatically in a probe- and pathway-specific manner, not from simple differences in orthosteric ligand efficacy or stimulus-response coupling...
March 8, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534315/cisplatin-and-starvation-differently-sensitize-autophagy-in-renal-carcinoma-a-potential-therapeutic-pathway-to-target-variegated-drugs-resistant-cancerous-cells
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ankita Dutta, Subarna Thakur, Debasish Kumar Dey, Anoop Kumar
Cisplatin, a powerful chemotherapy medication, has long been a cornerstone in the fight against cancer due to chemotherapeutic failure. The mechanism of cisplatin resistance/failure is a multifaceted and complex issue that consists mainly of apoptosis inhibition through autophagy sensitization. Currently, researchers are exploring ways to regulate autophagy in order to tip the balance in favor of effective chemotherapy. Based on this notion, the current study primarily identifies the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cisplatin-treated autophagic ACHN cells through the Illumina Hi-seq platform...
March 7, 2024: Cells
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