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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johnathan Walker, Alexandria F Sowers, Robert A Kaya, M Kati Lear, Ryan M Kozina, Joshua D Clapp
OBJECTIVE: Chronic childhood trauma is consistently linked to negative mental health outcomes in adulthood, but research exploring specific paths of risk remains limited. The aims of the current study were to examine trauma cognitions as intervening variables in the relation of chronic victimization with perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, variables implicated in transdiagnostic risk for psychopathology. METHOD: Semistructured interviews were used to identify university students reporting exposure to systematic physical and/or sexual violence prior to age 18 ( n = 101) versus those experiencing other Criterion-A events ( n = 254)...
August 10, 2023: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dooman Arefan, Matthew Pease, Shawn R Eagle, David O Okonkwo, Shandong Wu
OBJECTIVE: An estimated 1.5 million people die every year worldwide from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Physicians are relatively poor at predicting long-term outcomes early in patients with severe TBI. Machine learning (ML) has shown promise at improving prediction models across a variety of neurological diseases. The authors sought to explore the following: 1) how various ML models performed compared to standard logistic regression techniques, and 2) if properly calibrated ML models could accurately predict outcomes up to 2 years posttrauma...
June 2023: Neurosurgical Focus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Westley A Youngren, Nancy A Hamilton, Kristopher J Preacher, Garrett R Baber
OBJECTIVE: Posttrauma nightmares are recurring nightmares that begin after a traumatic experience. Research has only recently begun to identify variables that predict posttrauma nightmare occurrences. Research has identified presleep arousal-cognitive (PSA-C) and presleep arousal physiological (PSA-PHYS), sleep onset latency (SOL), and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) as potential predictors of posttrauma nightmares. However, previous research includes methodological limitations, such as a lack of physiological measures and a homogeneous sample...
July 31, 2023: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Fuchs, Eric Zwemer, Amanda Gillespie, Paul Zarick, Molly Berkoff
OBJECTIVES: Pediatric patients hospitalized for physical injury and trauma are at increased risk of developing acute stress disorder. Routine identification and referral for treatment of patients with psychological sequelae of traumatic injury were added to the accreditation requirements of the American College of Surgeons for pediatric trauma centers in 2022. We aimed to use quality improvement methodology with iterative interventions to increase psychological screening consults for admitted pediatric trauma patients to 80% in 6 months...
July 19, 2023: Hospital Pediatrics
#25
REVIEW
Zoe M F Brier, Johanna E Hidalgo, Hannah C Espeleta, Tatiana Davidson, Kenneth J Ruggiero, Matthew Price
A substantial majority of adults in the United States will experience a potentially traumatic event (PTE) in their lifetime. A considerable proportion of those individuals will go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Distinguishing between those who will develop PTSD and those who will recover, however, remains as a challenge to the field. Recent work has pointed to the increased potential of identifying individuals at greatest risk for PTSD through repeated assessment during the acute posttrauma period, the 30-day period after the PTE...
July 2023: Focus: Journal of Life Long Learning in Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusuke Sawada, Yuta Isshiki, Yumi Ichikawa, Kazunori Fukushima, Yuto Aramaki, Kei Kawano, Mizuki Mori, Kiyohiro Oshima
Purpose Elderly trauma patients have a higher risk of severe disability and death, and this outcome burden in elderly trauma patients must be addressed in countries in which the population is aging. The clarification of the unique clinical features of elderly people who have experienced trauma is important. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of the treatment for elderly severe trauma patients based on the prognosis and total hospital cost. Methods Trauma patients transferred to our emergency department (ED) and admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) directly or through emergency surgery between January 2013 and December 2019 were examined...
May 2023: Curēus
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia M Ocasio-Rodríguez, Anabel Puig-Ramos, Ricardo García-De Jesús
OBJECTIVE: There is no consensus on the use of decompressive craniectomy (DC) to manage severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). We evaluated the profile of pediatric patients admitted with sTBI and assessed functional outcomes, 6 months posttrauma, in patients who had a DC and in those who had not, and the functional outcomes of early versus late DCs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case-control observational study evaluated pediatric patients admitted for sTBI in Puerto Rico (June 2016-October 2018); we included patients admitted within 24 hours of injury and had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 8 or lower...
June 2023: Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ateka A Contractor, Brett Messman, Preston Gould, Danica C Slavish, Nicole H Weiss
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evidence indicates that positive memory processes play a role in the etiology and maintenance of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and related posttrauma health indicators. To extend this research, the current pilot study examined if repeated retrieval of positive vs. neutral memories was associated with (1) less PTSS and depression severity; and (2) improved affect and cognitions (fewer posttrauma cognitions, more positively-valenced affect, less negatively-valenced affect, less negative affect interference, less anhedonia, retrieval of more positive specific memories, retrieval of fewer negative specific memories)...
June 14, 2023: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Kate Webb, Sydney C Timmer-Murillo, Ashley A Huggins, Carissa W Tomas, Terri A deRoon-Cassini, Christine L Larson
Individuals who have experienced more trauma throughout their life have a heightened risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following injury. Although trauma history cannot be retroactively modified, identifying the mechanism(s) by which preinjury life events influence future PTSD symptoms may help clinicians mitigate the detrimental effects of past adversity. The current study proposed attributional negativity bias, the tendency to perceive stimuli/events as negative, as a potential intermediary in PTSD development...
June 20, 2023: Journal of Traumatic Stress
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cecilia A Hinojosa, Amanda Liew, Xinming An, Jennifer S Stevens, Archana Basu, Sanne J H van Rooij, Stacey L House, Francesca L Beaudoin, Donglin Zeng, Thomas C Neylan, Gari D Clifford, Tanja Jovanovic, Sarah D Linnstaedt, Laura T Germine, Scott L Rauch, John P Haran, Alan B Storrow, Christopher Lewandowski, Paul I Musey, Phyllis L Hendry, Sophia Sheikh, Christopher W Jones, Brittany E Punches, Michael C Kurz, Robert A Swor, Lauren A Hudak, Jose L Pascual, Mark J Seamon, Elizabeth M Datner, Anna M Chang, Claire Pearson, David A Peak, Roland C Merchant, Robert M Domeier, Niels K Rathlev, Paulina Sergot, Leon D Sanchez, Steven E Bruce, Mark W Miller, Robert H Pietrzak, Jutta Joormann, Diego A Pizzagalli, John F Sheridan, Steven E Harte, James M Elliott, Ronald C Kessler, Karestan C Koenen, Samuel A McLean, Kerry J Ressler, Negar Fani
BACKGROUND: Several hypotheses may explain the association between substance use, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. However, few studies have utilized a large multisite dataset to understand this complex relationship. Our study assessed the relationship between alcohol and cannabis use trajectories and PTSD and depression symptoms across 3 months in recently trauma-exposed civilians. METHODS: In total, 1618 (1037 female) participants provided self-report data on past 30-day alcohol and cannabis use and PTSD and depression symptoms during their emergency department (baseline) visit...
June 13, 2023: Psychological Medicine
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mir N, Maqbool M, Sagar R, Sagar S
Amputation is the surgical removal of all or part of a body part. It demands an adjustment in almost every sphere of a person's life in addition to physical disability. An amputee faces problems in almost every psychosocial sphere.1, 2 Along with physical pain in the stump, patients may experience phantom sensations.3-5 Patients may also grieve, feel depressed, and anxious3, 6, 4, 7 or have posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.8, 9 They may be apprehensive about their future plans and inconclusive regarding life challenges...
May 2023: Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guan-Jie Luo, Pang-Yun Chou, Chih-Hao Chen
BACKGROUND: Geriatric maxillofacial trauma has become an increasingly pressing clinical issue in Taiwan because of increased life expectancy. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to investigate the anthropometric changes and the posttrauma outcomes in the aging population and to optimize the management strategies for geriatric facial fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2015 to 2020, a total of 30 patients 65 years or older were identified to have suffered from maxillofacial fractures and presented at the emergency department of the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH)...
April 1, 2023: Annals of Plastic Surgery
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heather Littleton, Bernard Ricca, Ashley Batts Allen, Charles Benight
Self-regulation shift theory (SRST) argues that most individuals are able to successfully recover from trauma via engagement in self-regulation processes as well as the effective utilization of internal and environmental resources. However, a minority of individuals may instead experience a self-determination violation as a result of their self-regulatory capacity being overwhelmed. This self-determination violation is marked by chaotic and shifting adjustment, maladaptive regulation attempts, and, ultimately, a shift to an impaired self-state and the development of persistent psychopathology, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)...
March 30, 2023: Journal of Traumatic Stress
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruonan Jia, Lital Ruderman, Robert H Pietrzak, Charles Gordon, Daniel Ehrlich, Mark Horvath, Serena Mirchandani, Clara DeFontes, Steven Southwick, John H Krystal, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, Ifat Levy
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with changes in fear learning and decision-making, suggesting involvement of the brain's valuation system. Here we investigate the neural mechanisms of subjective valuation of rewards and punishments in combat veterans. In a functional MRI study, male combat veterans with a wide range of posttrauma symptoms (N = 48, Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, CAPS-IV) made a series of choices between sure and uncertain monetary gains and losses. Activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) during valuation of uncertain options was associated with PTSD symptoms, an effect which was consistent for gains and losses, and specifically driven by numbing symptoms...
March 28, 2023: Translational Psychiatry
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Jen Su
OBJECTIVE: Burn injuries can be traumatic and increase the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression (MDD). The current study examined the incremental contribution of established predictors of PTSD and theory-derived cognitive predictors to PTSD and depression early after burn. METHODS: Participants were 118 adult burn patients consecutively admitted to the largest burn center in Taiwan who completed a baseline assessment, of which 101 (85...
March 14, 2023: General Hospital Psychiatry
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chintan Shah, Pradhnya Sen, Salma Tabani, Kailash Prasad, Parimal Peeush, Elesh Jain
PURPOSE: To assess the clinical presentation of pediatric patients having early traumatic glaucoma and to analyze early predictors for the need of filtration surgery. METHODS: Patients with early traumatic glaucoma after close globe injury (CGI) from January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical features, treatment provided (medical and surgical), and visual outcomes were documented. Patients were divided into two groups based on the management required: group A- trabeculectomy and group B- medication + minor surgery...
March 2023: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adi Rosenthal, Tejas Srinivas, Kerry Gagnon, Julia Dmitrieva, Anne DePrince
OBJECTIVE: Trauma survivors often endorse some level of posttraumatic growth (PTG), referring to positive outcomes after trauma related to meaning-making and strengthened perceptions of the self. While extant research points to cognitive processes at the root of PTG, posttrauma cognitions such as shame, fear, and self-blame have thus far only been linked to negative outcomes of trauma exposure. The current study examines the association between posttrauma appraisals and PTG among victims of interpersonal violence...
March 2, 2023: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan Bailey, Richard Meiser-Stedman, Rachel Hiller, Katharina Haag, Sarah Lobo, Sarah L Halligan
Parent-child agreement on measures of child posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is moderate at best, and understanding of this discrepancy is limited. To address this, we conducted an item-level investigation of parent-child symptom agreement to examine the potential influence of parental posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) on parents' reports of their child's PTSS. We also examined heart rate (HR) indices as possible independent indicators of child PTSD, examining patterns of association with parent versus child report...
February 14, 2023: Journal of Traumatic Stress
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwaku Duah-Asante, Murtaza Kadhum, Ankur Khajuria, Charles Nduka, Isao Koshima, Ruben Y Kannan
UNLABELLED: Supermicrosurgery has allowed the replantation/revascularization of the pulp, but how does this currently compare with more proximal digit replantation/revascularization? METHODS: In a retrospective case study over a 5-year period at our institute, a total of 21 patients (n = 21) had either finger or pulp replantation-revascularization posttrauma. All pulp replants had a single-vessel anastomosis viz., "artery-to-artery" or "artery-to-vein" only, with venous outflow dependent on the skin-shave technique, while more proximal replants had both arterial and venous anastomoses...
January 2023: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziv Ben-Zion, Tobias R Spiller, Jackob N Keynan, Roee Admon, Ifat Levy, Israel Liberzon, Arieh Y Shalev, Talma Hendler, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem
OBJECTIVE: The weak link between subjective symptom-based diagnostic methods for posttraumatic psychopathology and objectively measured neurobiological indices forms a barrier to the development of effective personalized treatments. To overcome this problem, recent studies have aimed to stratify psychiatric disorders by identifying consistent subgroups based on objective neural markers. Along these lines, a promising 2021 study by Stevens et al. identified distinct brain-based biotypes associated with different longitudinal patterns of posttraumatic symptoms...
February 1, 2023: American Journal of Psychiatry
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