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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gerard W Dougherty, Lawrence E Ostrowski, Tabea Nöthe-Menchen, Johanna Raidt, Andre Schramm, Heike Olbrich, Weining Yin, Patrick R Sears, Hong Dang, Amanda J Smith, Achim G Beule, Rim Hjeij, Niels Rutjies, Eric G Haarman, Saskia M Maas, Thomas W Ferkol, Peadar G Noone, Kenneth N Olivier, Diana C Bracht, Pascal Barbry, Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi, Morgane Fierville, Sabine Kliesch, Kai Wohlgemuth, Julia König, Sebastian George, Niki T Loges, Agathe Ceppe, Matthew R Markovetz, Hong Luo, Ting Guo, Hoda Rizk, Tarek Eldesoky, Katrin Dahlke, Karsten Boldt, Marius Ueffing, David B Hill, Yuan-Ping Pang, Michael R Knowles, Maimoona A Zariwala, Heymut Omran
RATIONALE: Bronchiectasis is a pathological dilatation of the bronchi in the respiratory airways associated with environmental or genetic causes (e.g., cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia and primary immunodeficiency disorders), but most cases remain idiopathic. OBJECTIVES: To identify novel genetic defects in unsolved cases of bronchiectasis presenting with severe rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, and pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. METHODS: DNA was analyzed by next-generation or targeted Sanger sequencing...
April 16, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olof Cronberg, Mia Tyrstrup, Kim Ekblom, Katarina Hedin
BACKGROUND: There has been a notable decrease in antibiotic prescribing in the last thirty years in Sweden. Little is known about factors influencing antibiotic prescribing over several years. OBJECTIVE: To compare primary care physicians who, over time, reduced their antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections with those who remained either high or low prescribers regarding potentially influencing factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: A register-based study including all RTI visits in primary care in Region Kronoberg, Sweden 2006-2014...
April 16, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lijuan Chen, Huiying Hu, Yufei Pan, Yuanyuan Lu, Mengyuan Zhao, Yun Zhao, Lixin Wang, Kai Liu, Zhenkun Yu
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare benign tumor caused mainly by the infection of the respiratory tract epithelial cells by the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6/11. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the host's innate immune response by HPV remain unclear. For this purpose, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the states of various immune cells in RRP samples post-HPV infection and utilized a cellular model of HPV infection to elucidate the mechanisms by which HPV evades the innate immune system in RRP...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Virology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kosuke Takada, Yasuko Orba, Yurie Kida, Jiaqi Wu, Chikako Ono, Yoshiharu Matsuura, So Nakagawa, Hirofumi Sawa, Tokiko Watanabe
Novel respiratory viruses can cause a pandemic and then evolve to coexist with humans. The Omicron strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has spread worldwide since its emergence in late 2021, and its sub-lineages are now established in human society. Compared to previous strains, Omicron is markedly less invasive in the lungs and causes less severe disease. One reason for this is that humans are acquiring immunity through previous infection and vaccination, but the nature of the virus itself is also changing...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Virology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gulam Khandaker, Gwenda Chapman, Arifuzzaman Khan, Mahmudul Hassan Al Imam, Robert Menzies, Nicolas Smoll, Jacina Walker, Michael Kirk, Kerrie Wiley
BACKGROUND: The 'PenCS Flu Topbar' app was deployed in Central Queensland (CQ), Australia, medical practices through a pilot programme in March 2021. METHODS: We evaluated the app's user experience and examined whether the introduction of 'PenCS Flu Topbar' in medical practices could improve the coverage of NIP-funded influenza vaccinations. We conducted a mixed-method study including a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with key end-users and a quantitative analysis of influenza vaccine administrative data...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#6
Samina Martin, Shivu Kaushik, Bharat Bajantri
A 67-year-old male, with a history of severe COVID-19 infection and exposure to talc was seen for worsening shortness of breath for months, requiring supplemental oxygen. He was treated for COVID-19 infection and suspected pneumonia with no improvement. His pulmonary function test (PFT) worsened and computed tomography (CT) showing bilateral airspace opacities with ground-glass opacities (GGO), also worsened over time. He underwent bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage and pathology revealed pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP)...
2024: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
I Trifonova, N Korsun, I Madzharova, P Velikov, I Alexsiev, L Grigorova, S Voleva, R Yordanova, I Ivanov, T Tcherveniakova, I Christova
INTRODUCTION: Endemic human coronaviruses (eHCoVs) are found worldwide and usually result in mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections. They can lead to more severe illnesses such as croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia in vulnerable populations. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, information on HCoV prevalence and incidence and clinical impact of co-infections of HCoV with SARS-CoV-2 was lacking. OBJECTIVES: Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of infections caused by eHCoVs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria...
April 15, 2024: Heliyon
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michela Scarpaci, Sara Bracaloni, Enrica Esposito, Luigi De Angelis, Francesco Baglivo, Beatrice Casini, Donatella Panatto, Matilde Ogliastro, Daniela Loconsole, Maria Chironna, Elena Pariani, Laura Pellegrinelli, Elisabetta Pandolfi, Ileana Croci, Caterina Rizzo
INTRODUCTION: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most frequent causes of respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age, but its socioeconomic impact and burden in primary care settings is still little studied. METHODS: During the 2022/2023 winter season, 55 pediatricians from five Italian regions participated in our community-based study. They collected a nasal swab for RSV molecular test from 650 patients under the age of 5 with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and performed a baseline questionnaire...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin L Landguth, Jonathon Knudson, Jon Graham, Ava Orr, Emily A Coyle, Paul Smith, Erin O Semmens, Curtis Noonan
BACKGROUND: Western Montana, USA, experiences complex air pollution patterns with predominant exposure sources from summer wildfire smoke and winter wood smoke. In addition, climate change related temperatures events are becoming more extreme and expected to contribute to increases in hospital admissions for a range of health outcomes. Evaluating while accounting for these exposures (air pollution and temperature) that often occur simultaneously and may act synergistically on health is becoming more important...
April 15, 2024: Environmental Health
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beizhen Pan, Yuefeng Wang, Jiansheng Su, Yan Liu, Jifei Yang, Yujiao Zhou, Liyuan Sun
This study aimed to explore the role of the two-component system Bae SR in the mechanism of drug resistance in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) using molecular docking and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The two-component system Bae SR of Acinetobacter baumannii was subjected to molecular docking with imipenem, meropenem, and levofloxacin. Antibacterial assays and fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to explore protein-ligand interactions and molecular biological resistance mechanisms related to CRAB...
April 15, 2024: BMC Microbiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlyle McCready, Heather J Zar, Shaakira Chaya, Carvern Jacobs, Lesley Workman, Zoltan Hantos, Graham L Hall, Peter D Sly, Mark P Nicol, Dan J Stein, Anhar Ullah, Adnan Custovic, Francesca Little, Diane M Gray
BACKGROUND: Early life is a key period that determines long-term health. Lung development in childhood predicts lung function attained in adulthood and morbidity and mortality across the life course. We aimed to assess the effect of early-life lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and associated risk factors on lung development from birth to school age in a South African birth cohort. METHODS: We prospectively followed children enrolled in a population-based cohort from birth (between March 5, 2012 and March 31, 2015) to age 5 years with annual lung function assessment...
April 12, 2024: Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
#12
A study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aetiology of paediatric olfactory dysfunction.
Matthias Deller, Valentin A Schriever, Thomas Hummel
Introduction Although previous studies have examined olfactory dysfunction in children, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has certainly had an unprecedented effect on their olfaction, which could not be taken into consideration. Aim of this report is to present data on the epidemiology of olfactory dysfunction during the pandemic and compare this dataset with a pre-pandemic set. We hypothesized an increase in URTI-related olfactory dysfunction. Methods Data of paediatric patients consulting a smell and taste clinic between March 2020 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed...
April 15, 2024: ORL; Journal for Oto-rhino-laryngology and its related Specialties
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna J Howard, Isabel Concepcion, Alice X Wang, Issam S Hamadeh, Malin L Hultcrantz, Sham Mailankody, Carlyn Rose Tan, Neha Korde, Alexander M Lesokhin, Hani Hassoun, Urvi A Shah, Kylee H Maclachlan, Sridevi Rajeeve, Heather J Landau, Michael Scordo, Gunjan L Shah, Oscar B Lahoud, David J Chung, Sergio A Giralt, Saad Z Usmani, Ross S Firestone
Outcomes for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients have dramatically improved following the development and now growing utilization of B cell maturation antigen targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy and bispecific antibody (BsAb) therapy. However, healthcare utilization as a quality-of-life metric in these growing populations has not been thoroughly evaluated. We performed a retrospective cohort study evaluating the frequency and cause of unscheduled healthcare interactions (UHIs) among RRMM patients responding to B-cell maturation antigen targeted BsAbs and CAR T cell therapies (N = 46)...
April 12, 2024: Blood Advances
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillaume Geslain, Aurélie Cointe, Jérôme Naudin, Stéphane Dauger, Nora Poey, Justine Pages, Enora Le Roux, Stéphane Bonacorsi
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired and nosocomial lower-respiratory-tract infections in critically ill pediatric patients require early appropriate antibiotic therapy to optimize outcomes. Using blind bronchial samples, we assessed the diagnostic performance of the rapid-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay BioFire Pneumonia plus Panel vs. reference standard culturing with antimicrobial susceptibility testing. METHODS: For this prospective observational study in a single pediatric intensive care unit, we included consecutive patients younger than 18 years admitted for suspected community-, hospital- or ventilator-associated pneumonia in 2021-2022...
April 8, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel J Merenstein, Bruce Barrett, Mark H Ebell
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic use remains common for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of antibiotic use on the duration and severity of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients presenting to US primary or urgent care sites with a chief complaint of cough and symptoms consistent with LRTI. MAIN MEASURES: Collected data included demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, and 48 viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens by PCR...
April 15, 2024: Journal of General Internal Medicine
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin-Xin Lai, Yu-Rong Qin, Yi-Wen Liao, Yu-Ting Si, Quan Yuan, Shi-Mei Huang, Yu-Rong Tang, Ji-Liang Wang, Liang Wang
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common problems in clinical settings. Rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens will provide practical guidelines for managing and treating RTIs. This study describes a method for rapidly detecting bacterial pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections via multi-channel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). LAMP is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool that rapidly detects bacterial nucleic acids with high accuracy and reliability...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bahareh Vakili, Parisa Shoaei, Kiana Shahzamani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Hasan Shojaei, Zahra Esfandiari, Elahe Nasri, Shiva Shabani, Ali Zamani Moghadam, Behrooz Ataei
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with COVID-19 have an excessive chance of morbidity and mortality. The fecal-nasopharyngeal microbiota compositions of NSCLC patients were assessed in this study. METHODS: In total, 234 samples were collected from 17 NSCLC patients infected with COVID-19, 20 NSCLC patients without confirmed COVID-19, 40 non NSCLC patients with COVID-19, and 40 healthy individuals. RESULTS: In lung microbiota, the abundance of Streptococcus spp...
February 1, 2024: Archives of Iranian Medicine
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaojuan Xiong, Rui Li, Hong Yan, Qingxiang Mao
Aim: To investigate whether it is safe for patients with Omicron variant infection to undergo surgery during perioperative period. Methods: A total of 3,661 surgical patients were enrolled: 3,081 who were not infected with the Omicron variant and 580 who were infected with the Omicron variant. We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:4 and a caliper value of 0.1 to match the infected and uninfected groups based on 13 variables. After PSM, we further divided the Infected group (560 cases) by the number of days between the preoperative Omicron variant infection and surgery: 0-7, 8-14, 15-30, and >30 days...
2024: International Journal of Medical Sciences
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Imran Nisar, Salima Kerai, Shahira Shahid, Muhammad Farrukh Qazi, Sarah Rehman, Fatima Aziz, Fyezah Jehan
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children < 5 years. We describe nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and influenza virus among children with fast-breathing pneumonia in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs from children aged 2-59 months with fast-breathing pneumonia, enrolled in the randomized trial of amoxicillin versus placebo for fast-breathing pneumonia (RETAPP) (NCT02372461) from 2014 to 2016...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Portacci, Monica Amendolara, Vitaliano Nicola Quaranta, Ilaria Iorillo, Enrico Buonamico, Fabrizio Diaferia, Sara Quaranta, Cristian Locorotondo, Annalisa Schirinzi, Esterina Boniello, Silvano Dragonieri, Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Reliable biomarkers able to predict post-COVID syndrome development are still lacking. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between Galectin-3 blood concentrations and the development of post-COVID syndrome. METHODS: We performed a single-center, prospective, observational study, enrolling 437 consecutive patients attending our outpatient clinic for the post-COVID assessment. For each patient, we recorded the main clinical, functional and radiological findings...
April 12, 2024: Respiratory Medicine
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