keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546875/-congenital-pulmonary-malformations-diagnosis-and-treatment
#1
REVIEW
M Dohna, W F Hirsch, J Dingemann, D Gräfe
PERFORMANCE: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) are rare and can be associated with high morbidity. Clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, imaging, and therapy of CPM are discussed. ACHIEVEMENTS: Today, most CPM can be diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound. Postnatally, respiratory symptoms up to respiratory failure and recurrent lower respiratory tract infection are typical findings. Due to low diagnostic accuracy of chest x‑ray in CPM, all children with prenatal diagnosis of CPM or postnatally suspected CPM should undergo cross-sectional imaging...
March 28, 2024: Radiologie (Heidelb)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546828/predicting-survival-of-patients-with-advanced-hepatocellular-carcinoma-receiving-combination-targeted-immunotherapy-an-evaluation-of-volumetric-imaging-parameters
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alireza Mohseni, Azarakhsh Baghdadi, Seyedeh Panid Madani, Haneyeh Shahbazian, Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Ali Borhani, Shadi Afyouni, Ghazal Zandieh, Marina Baretti, Amy K Kim, Mark Yarchoan, Ihab R Kamel
PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential of volumetric imaging in predicting survival of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving immunotherapy. METHODS: Retrospective analysis included 40 patients with advanced HCC who received targeted immunotherapy. Baseline and follow-up contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed. The largest tumor was chosen as the index lesion. Viable tumor volume (qViable) and percentage tumor viability (%Viability) were calculated...
March 28, 2024: Abdominal Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545550/the-protective-effect-of-traditional-chinese-medicine-jinteng-qingbi-granules-on-rats-with-rheumatoid-arthritis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingying Wan, Wenting Sun, Jiaxi Yang, Haonan Wang, Wenqian Wang, Wanting Ye, Guoliang Cheng, Bing Li, Jianxun Ren, Qiuai Kou
Introduction: Jinteng Qingbi granules (JTQBG), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, are widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to their satisfactory therapeutic efficacy. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of JTQBG against RA and elucidates its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: A collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model was utilized, and JTQBG (1.25, 2.5, 5 g/kg/day) or methotrexate (MTX, 1 mg/kg/week) was orally administered...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545069/hand-skeletal-features-of-children-and-adolescents-with-different-growth-statuses-and-periods
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Cao, Chang Liu, Tian-Hao Wu, Liang Shi, Jin-Xu Wen, Zhe Guo, Zhi-Wei Zhong, Hui-Zhao Wu, Bao-Hai Yu, Ji-Cun Liu, Bu-Lang Gao, Wen-Juan Wu, Shu-Man Han
BACKGROUND: The hand skeletal features of children and adolescents at different growth statuses and development periods, and the correlation between these skeletal features and hand asymmetric force are currently unclear. Thus, this study sought to investigate the hand skeletal features of children and adolescents at different growth statuses and at different periods of development, and the correlation between these skeletal features and asymmetric force in hands. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on subjects aged 4-20 years with good growth status (group A) or short stature (group B)...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545066/research-and-implementation-of-multi-disease-diagnosis-on-chest-x-ray-based-on-vision-transformer
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lan Huang, Jiong Ma, Hui Yang, Yan Wang
BACKGROUND: Disease diagnosis in chest X-ray images has predominantly relied on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, Vision Transformer (ViT) offers several advantages over CNNs, as it excels at capturing long-term dependencies, exploring correlations, and extracting features with richer semantic information. METHODS: We adapted ViT for chest X-ray image analysis by making the following three key improvements: (I) employing a sliding window approach in the image sequence feature extraction module to divide the input image into blocks to identify small and difficult-to-detect lesion areas; (II) introducing an attention region selection module in the encoder layer of the ViT model to enhance the model's ability to focus on relevant regions; and (III) constructing a parallel patient metadata feature extraction network on top of the image feature extraction network to integrate multi-modal input data, enabling the model to synergistically learn and expand image-semantic information...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545062/detecting-bone-marrow-infiltration-in-nonosteolytic-multiple-myeloma-through-separation-of-hydroxyapatite-via-the-two-material-decomposition-technique-in-spectral-computed-tomography
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianhua Chen, Zongjian Qiu, Nan Jiang, Yu Xia, Hongxiang Li, Suping Chen, Jianfang Liu, Yunjing Xue
BACKGROUND: Conventional computed tomography (CT) has low sensitivity for the diagnosis of bone marrow infiltration in nonosteolytic multiple myeloma (NOL-MM). This study aimed to compare the performance of the two-material decomposition technique of spectral CT with the removal of X-ray absorption components of calcium (Ca) versus that of hydroxyapatite (HAP) for diagnosis of NOL-MM. METHODS: From October 2022 to March 2023, a total of 41 consecutive patients with MM without focal bone lesions undergoing chest spectral CT and thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were prospectively enrolled; meanwhile, another set of 41 age- and sex-matched healthy consecutive participants were selected as a comparison group...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545058/the-agreement-of-different-techniques-for-muscle-measurement-in-diagnosing-sarcopenia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linghong Li, Zhilin Xia, Xueqing Zeng, Anfen Tang, Ling Wang, Yi Su
BACKGROUND: The measurement or estimation of muscle mass plays an important role in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Beside dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), several modalities, including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have helped to provide imaging or electrical biomarkers for muscle mass. This study was aimed at summarizing the diagnostic performance of different techniques on muscle assessment for sarcopenia...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545053/deep-learning-based-target-tracking-with-x-ray-images-for-radiotherapy-a-narrative-review
#8
REVIEW
Xi Liu, Li-Sheng Geng, David Huang, Jing Cai, Ruijie Yang
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: As one of the main treatment modalities, radiotherapy (RT) (also known as radiation therapy) plays an increasingly important role in the treatment of cancer. RT could benefit greatly from the accurate localization of the gross tumor volume and circumambient organs at risk (OARs). Modern linear accelerators (LINACs) are typically equipped with either gantry-mounted or room-mounted X-ray imaging systems, which provide possibilities for marker-less tracking with two-dimensional (2D) kV X-ray images...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545039/a-radiomics-model-of-contrast-enhanced-computed-tomography-for-predicting-post-acute-pancreatitis-diabetes-mellitus
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ran Hu, Hua Yang, Guo-Fei Zeng, Zhi-Gang Wang, Di Zhou, Yin-Deng Luo
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus can occur after acute pancreatitis (AP), but the accurate quantitative methods to predict post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) are lacking. This retrospective study aimed to establish a radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) for predicting PPDM-A. METHODS: A total of 374 patients with first-episode AP were retrospectively enrolled from two tertiary referral centers. There were 224 patients in the training cohort, 56 in the internal validation cohort, and 94 in the external validation cohort, and there were 86, 22, and 27 patients with PPDM-A in these cohorts, respectively...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544733/delayed-effects-of-radiation-exposure-in-a-c57l-j-mouse-model-of-partial-body-irradiation-with-2-5-bone-marrow-shielding
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler Beach, James Bakke, J Tyson McDonald, Edward Riccio, Harold S Javitz, Denise Nishita, Shweta Kapur, Deborah I Bunin, Polly Y Chang
INTRODUCTION: Mouse models of radiation injury are critical to the development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against radiation. Now that MCMs against hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) have achieved regulatory approval, attention is shifting to develop MCMs against the adverse effects of gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). The C57L/J mouse model of partial body irradiation (PBI) with 2.5% bone marrow shielding (BM2...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544263/correcting-hardening-artifacts-of-aero-engine-blades-with-an-iterative-linear-fitting-technique-framework
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yenan Gao, Jian Fu, Xiaolong Chen
Aero engines are the key power source for aerospace vehicles. Cermet turbine blades are the guarantee for the new-generation fighters to improve aero-engine overall performance. X-ray non-destructive reconstruction can obtain the internal structure and morphology of cermet turbine blades. However, the beam hardening effect causes artifacts in objects and affects the reconstruction quality, which is an issue that needs to be solved urgently. This study proposes a hardening-correction framework for industrial computed tomography (ICT) images based on iterative linear fitting...
March 21, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543341/structure-property-relationships-in-pvdf-srtio-3-cnt-nanocomposites-for-optoelectronic-and-solar-cell-applications
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha, Sultan Saud Alanazi, Karam S El-Nasser, Alhulw H Alshammari, Ali Ismael
The optical properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer nanocomposite films incorporating SrTiO3 /carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as nanofillers are investigated. PVDF/SrTiO3 /CNTs films were prepared by the solution casting technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses confirmed the incorporation of SrTiO3 /CNTs into the PVDF matrix. The addition of nanofillers influenced the crystalline structure, morphology, and optical properties of the films...
March 7, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543271/ph-triggered-controlled-release-of-chlorhexidine-using-chitosan-coated-titanium-silica-composite-for-dental-infection-prevention
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mrinal Gaurav Srivastava, Nur Hidayatul Nazirah Kamarudin, Merve Kübra Aktan, Kai Zheng, Naiera Zayed, Derick Yongabi, Patrick Wagner, Wim Teughels, Aldo R Boccaccini, Annabel Braem
Peri-implantitis is a growing pathological concern for dental implants which aggravates the occurrence of revision surgeries. This increases the burden on both hospitals and the patients themselves. Research is now focused on the development of materials and accompanying implants designed to resist biofilm formation. To enhance this endeavor, a smart method of biofilm inhibition coupled with limiting toxicity to the host cells is crucial. Therefore, this research aims to establish a proof-of-concept for the pH-triggered release of chlorhexidine (CHX), an antiseptic commonly used in mouth rinses, from a titanium (Ti) substrate to inhibit biofilm formation on its surface...
March 8, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543251/magnetic-mesoporous-silica-for-targeted-drug-delivery-of-chloroquine-synthesis-characterization-and-in-vitro-evaluation
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafaela de Andrade, Rita de Cássia Dos Reis Schmidt, Leonardo Santos Gomes, Legna Colina-Vegas, Ruth Hinrichs, Marcos Antônio Zen Vasconcellos, Tania Maria Haas Costa, Monique Deon, Wilmer Villarreal, Edilson Valmir Benvenutti
Malaria is a dangerous tropical disease, with high morbidity in developing countries. The responsible parasite has developed resistance to the existing drugs; therefore, new drug delivery systems are being studied to increase efficacy by targeting hemozoin, a parasite paramagnetic metabolite. Herein, magnetic mesoporous silica (magMCM) was synthesized using iron oxide particles dispersed in the silica structure for magnetically driven behavior. The X-ray diffractogram (XRD) and Mössbauer spectra show patterns corresponding to magnetite and maghemite...
March 3, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542986/novel-nanocomposites-for-luminescent-thermometry-with-two-different-modalities
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masfer Alkahtani, Yahya A Alzahrani, Abdulaziz Alromaeh, Philip Hemmer
In this work, we successfully integrated fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) and lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in a nanocomposite structure for simultaneous optical temperature sensing. The effective integration of FND and UCNP shells was confirmed by employing high-resolution TEM imaging, X-ray diffraction, and dual-excitation optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, the synthesized ND@UCNP nanocomposites were tested by making simultaneous optical temperature measurements, and the detected temperatures showed excellent agreement within their sensitivity limit...
March 18, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541859/early-treatment-of-acute-stage-0-1-diabetic-charcot-foot-can-avoid-major-amputations-at-one-year
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristina Bittante, Valerio Cerasari, Ermanno Bellizzi, Raju Ahluwalia, Michela Di Venanzio, Laura Giurato, Aikaterini Andreadi, Alfonso Bellia, Luigi Uccioli, Davide Lauro, Marco Meloni
Background: If unrecognized, Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy (CNO) can be a devastating complication of diabetes. Methods: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcomes in a cohort of diabetic patients diagnosed with active CNO managed in a tertiary level diabetic foot clinic (DFC). We included consecutive patients with active CNO, stage 0-1, according to the Eichenholtz-Shibata classification, who were referred from 1 January 2019 to 27 September 2022. Diagnosis of CNO was based on clinical signs and imaging (X-rays and magnetic resonance)...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541742/chronic-kidney-disease-with-mineral-bone-disorder-and-vascular-calcification-an-overview
#17
REVIEW
Carmine Izzo, Carmine Secondulfo, Giancarlo Bilancio, Valeria Visco, Nicola Virtuoso, Serena Migliarino, Michele Ciccarelli, Paola Di Pietro, Lucia La Mura, Antonio Damato, Albino Carrizzo, Carmine Vecchione
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue with a rising prevalence, affecting 697.5 million people worldwide. It imposes a substantial burden, contributing to 35.8 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 1.2 million deaths in 2017. The mortality rate for CKD has increased by 41.5% between 1990 and 2017, positioning it as a significant cause of global mortality. CKD is associated with diverse health complications, impacting cardiovascular, neurological, nutritional, and endocrine aspects...
March 21, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541529/mesoporous-carbons-and-highly-cross-linking-polymers-for-removal-of-cationic-dyes-from-aqueous-solutions-studies-on-adsorption-equilibrium-and-kinetics
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Malgorzata Zienkiewicz-Strzalka, Magdalena Blachnio, Anna Derylo-Marczewska, Szymon Winter, Malgorzata Maciejewska
This study presents the results of applying the methods of synthesizing mesoporous carbon and mesoporous polymer materials with an extended porous mesostructure as adsorbents for cationic dye molecules. Both types of adsorbents are synthetic materials. The aim of the presented research was the preparation, characterisation, and utilisation of obtained mesoporous adsorbents. The physicochemical properties, morphology, and porous structure characteristics of the obtained materials were determined using low-temperature nitrogen sorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction (XRD), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and potentiometric titration measurements...
March 17, 2024: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541472/thermal-transitions-and-structural-characteristics-of-poly-3-4-ethylenedioxythiophene-cucurbit-7-uril-polypseudorotaxane-and-polyrotaxane-thin-films
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbara Hajduk, Paweł Jarka, Henryk Bednarski, Henryk Janeczek, Pallavi Kumari, Aurica Farcas
Herein, we report the thermal transitions and structural properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/cucurbit[7]uril) pseudopolyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PS) and polyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PR) thin films compared with those of pristine PEDOT. The structural characteristics were investigated by using variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). VTSE and DSC results indicated the presence of an endothermic process and glass transition in the PEDOT∙CB7-PS and PEDOT∙CB7-PR thin films...
March 13, 2024: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540985/quantitative-and-qualitative-radiological-assessment-of-sarcopenia-and-cachexia-in-cancer-patients-a-systematic-review
#20
REVIEW
Sveva Mortellaro, Sonia Triggiani, Federica Mascaretti, Micol Galloni, Ornella Garrone, Gianpaolo Carrafiello, Michele Ghidini
Sarcopenia, an extremely common condition in cancer patients, is described as a progressive and generalized musculoskeletal disorder that is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, physical disability, and mortality. By contrast, cachexia is defined as a syndrome characterized by weight loss with the concomitant loss of muscle and/or fat mass. Cancer cachexia leads to functional impairment, reduced physical performance, and decreased survival, and is often accompanied by cancer progression and reduced response to therapy...
February 24, 2024: Journal of Personalized Medicine
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