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Keywords Immunology, pediatric renal tr...

Immunology, pediatric renal transplant

https://read.qxmd.com/read/32319719/human-leukocyte-antigen-eplet-mismatches-and-long-term-clinical-outcomes-in-pediatric-renal-transplantation-a-pragmatic-registry-based-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew P Sypek, Steve Hiho, Linda Cantwell, Phil Clayton, Peter Hughes, Amelia K Le Page, Joshua Kausman
BACKGROUND: HLA epitope-based matching offers the potential to improve immunological risk prediction and management in children receiving renal allografts; however, studies demonstrating the association between systems for defining epitope mismatches and clinical end-points are lacking in this population. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic, retrospective, registry-based study of pediatric recipients of primary renal allografts in Victoria, Australia between 1990 and 2014 to determine the association between HLA EpMM and clinical outcomes including graft failure, re-transplantation and dnDSA formation...
April 22, 2020: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32112514/early-outcomes-comparing-induction-with-antithymocyte-globulin-vs-alemtuzumab-in-two-steroid-avoidance-protocols-in-pediatric-renal-transplantation
#22
MULTICENTER STUDY
Dechu P Puliyanda, Helen Pizzo, Nancy Rodig, Michael J G Somers
Steroid avoidance in pediatric kidney transplants was found effective with extended daclizumab induction. Upon discontinuation of daclizumab, lymphocyte-depleting agents became used, with little comparative data. We assessed outcomes in children undergoing low immunologic-risk deceased donor (DD) kidney transplants using induction with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) compared to alemtuzumab. We reviewed consecutive DD kidney transplants from January 2015 to September 2017 at two pediatric centers that used different lymphocyte-depleting agents in steroid-avoidance protocols: ATG (Center A) and alemtuzumab (Center B), with tacrolimus and MMF as maintenance immunosuppression...
May 2020: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31952458/immunosuppressive-therapy-post-transplantation-in-children-what-the-clinician-needs-to-know
#23
REVIEW
Burkhard Tönshoff
Introduction : The goal of immunosuppressive therapy post-transplantation in pediatric renal transplant recipients is to prevent acute and chronic rejection while minimizing drug side effects. Most therapies alter immune response mechanisms but are not immunologically specific, and a careful balance is required to find the dose that prevents rejection of the graft, while minimizing the risks of over-immunosuppression leading to infection and cancer. Areas covered : This review article focuses on immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric renal transplant recipients, but many aspects can be applied on pediatric recipients of other solid organ transplants such as liver and heart...
February 2020: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31820175/immunosuppressants-in-organ-transplantation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Burkhard Tönshoff
The goal of immunosuppressive therapy post-transplantation in pediatric renal transplant recipients is to prevent acute and chronic rejection while minimizing drug side effects. Most therapies alter immune response mechanisms but are not immunologically specific, and a careful balance is required to find the dose that prevents rejection of the graft while minimizing the risks of overimmunosuppression leading to infection and cancer. While this chapter because of space constraints focuses on immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric renal transplant recipients, many aspects can be applied on pediatric recipients of other solid organ transplants such as the liver and heart...
December 10, 2019: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31005637/outcome-of-kidney-transplantation-from-young-pediatric-donors-aged-less-than-6-years-to-young-size-matched-recipients
#25
REVIEW
R Gander, M Asensio, J A Molino, G F Royo, L E Lara, M López, M López, G Ariceta
INTRODUCTION: Pediatric donation is underutilized because of presumed increased risk of vascular thrombosis (VT) and graft loss. Using young pediatric donors (YPDs) for young pediatric recipients (YPRs) is suggested to be even at greater risk and therefore precluded in many centers. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcome of kidney transplantation (KT) from YPD to age-matched YPR. PATIENT AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 118 pediatric KT performed between January 2007-July 2017...
March 28, 2019: Journal of Pediatric Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29750317/mycophenolate-mofetil-for-sustained-remission-in-nephrotic-syndrome
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uwe Querfeld, Lutz T Weber
The clinical application of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has significantly widened beyond the prophylaxis of acute and chronic rejections in solid organ transplantation. MMF has been recognized as an excellent treatment option in many immunologic glomerulopathies. For children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) experiencing steroid toxicity, MMF has been recommended as a steroid-sparing drug. Uncontrolled studies in patients with FRNS and SDSN have shown that many patients can achieve sustained remission of proteinuria with MMF monotherapy...
December 2018: Pediatric Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29617835/patient-and-transplant-outcome-in-infants-starting-renal-replacement-therapy-before-2-years-of-age
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julien Hogan, Justine Bacchetta, Marina Charbit, Gwenaelle Roussey, Robert Novo, Michel Tsimaratos, Joelle Terzic, Tim Ulinski, Arnaud Garnier, Elodie Merieau, Jérôme Harambat, Isabelle Vrillon, Olivier Dunand, Denis Morin, Etienne Berard, Francois Nobili, Cécile Couchoud, Marie-Alice Macher
Background: Despite major technical improvements in the care of children requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) before 2 years of age, the management of those patients remains challenging and transplantation is generally delayed until the child weighs 10 kg or is 2 years old. In this national cohort study, we studied patient and graft survival in children starting RRT before 2 years of age to help clinicians and parents when deciding on RRT initiation and transplantation management...
August 1, 2018: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29229171/special-considerations-in-pediatric-kidney-transplantation
#28
REVIEW
Sean A Hebert, Rita D Swinford, David R Hall, Jason K Au, John S Bynon
Universally accepted as the treatment of choice for children needing renal replacement therapy, kidney transplantation affords children the opportunity for an improved quality of life over dialysis therapy. Immunologic and surgical advances over the last 15 years have improved the pediatric patient and kidney graft survival. Unique to pediatrics, congenital genitourinary anomalies are the most common primary diseases leading to kidney failure, many with urological issues. Early urological evaluation for post-transplant bladder dysfunction and emphasis on immunization adherence are the mainstays of pediatric pretransplant and post-transplant evaluations...
November 2017: Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28727227/long-term-outcomes-of-simultaneous-heart-and-kidney-transplantation-in-pediatric-recipients
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia L Weng, Juan Carlos Alejos, Nancy Halnon, Qiuheng Zhang, Elaine F Reed, Eileen Tsai Chambers
Pediatric sHKTx has become an effective therapy for patients with combined cardiac and renal failure. Often, these patients develop human leukocyte antigen antibodies from their previous allografts and are therefore more difficult to re-transplant. We describe the largest case series of a predominantly sensitized pediatric sHKTx with emphasis on medical management and patient outcomes. Demographics, clinical characteristics, antibody, and biopsy data were retrospectively collected from University of California, Los Angeles database and correlated with short- and long-term patient and allograft outcomes of all sHKTx performed between 2002 and 2015...
November 2017: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27932116/surgical-complications-in-en-bloc-renal-transplantation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M A Moreno de la Higuera Díaz, N Calvo Romero, I Pérez-Flores, M Calvo Arévalo, B Rodríguez Cubillo, A Shabaka, V López de la Manzanara, Á Gómez Vegas, J Blázquez Izquierdo, A I Sánchez-Fructuoso
En bloc pediatric transplantation (EBPT) began with the aim of increasing the donor pool due to the existing high demand for donors. At its inception, it was considered a type of suboptimal transplantation due to its association with a high incidence of vascular, urologic, and immunologic complications. The main objective of this study was to update information on EBPT with the largest case series that exists on a worldwide scale. In a retrospective study, the results obtained from brain-dead donors (BDDs; n = 770) were compared to those of EBPT (n = 100) from January 1990 to December 2012...
November 2016: Transplantation Proceedings
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27805505/challenges-for-renal-retransplant-an-overview
#31
REVIEW
Mohamed Adel Bakr, Ahmed Abdelfattah Denewar, Mohamed Hamed Abbas
Despite many achievements in renal transplant in the past few years regarding immunosuppression and tissue matching, the rates of early and late graft loss and return to dialysis are still high. Many of those with primary graft failure will be listed for a kidney retransplant, as this allows for better quality of life than dialysis. Many challenges face those requiring renal retransplant, including first graft nephrectomy and whether site of retransplant should be ipsilateral or contralateral, whether to conduct preemptive retransplant or wait while on dialysis, additional immunologic factors, immunosuppression after retransplant, cancer risk, BK virus infection, and retransplant in pediatrics...
November 2016: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27597398/optimizing-outcomes-in-pediatric-renal-transplantation-through-the-australian-paired-kidney-exchange-program
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M P Sypek, S I Alexander, L Cantwell, F L Ierino, P Ferrari, A M Walker, J Y Kausman
Kidney paired donation (KPD) programs offer the opportunity to enable living kidney donation when immunological and other barriers prevent safe directed donation. Children are likely to require multiple transplants during their lifetime; therefore, high-level histocompatibility and organ quality matching are key priorities. Details are given for a cohort of seven pediatric renal transplantations performed through the Australian Kidney Exchange (AKX), including barriers to alternative transplantation and outcomes after KPD...
February 2017: American Journal of Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27184648/lymphocyte-depleting-induction-and-steroid-minimization-after-kidney-transplantation-a-review
#33
REVIEW
Maarten Naesens, Stefan Berger, Luigi Biancone, Marta Crespo, Arjang Djamali, Alexandre Hertig, Robert Öllinger, José Portolés, Andreas Zuckermann, Julio Pascual
Steroid minimization after kidney transplantation has become more widely practiced as transplant clinicians seek the potential benefits such as reduced cardiovascular risk factors, improved growth in pediatric patients, and improved compliance with the immunosuppression regimen. Steroid avoidance (i.e. no steroids after the first week) is generally favored compared to later withdrawal. Induction therapy is routine in this setting, frequently rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG, Thymoglobulin®) or off-license use of alemtuzumab...
September 2016: Nefrología: Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española Nefrologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27105881/combined-liver-and-kidney-transplantation-in-children-analysis-of-renal-graft-outcome
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Randula Ranawaka, Carla Lloyd, Pat J McKiernan, Sally A Hulton, Khalid Sharif, David V Milford
BACKGROUND: Combined liver-kidney transplantation (CLKT) is the accepted treatment for patients with both liver failure and progressive renal insufficiency. Long-term outcome data for CLKT in children is sparse and controversy exists as to whether simultaneous CLKT with organs from the same donor confers immunologic and survival benefit to the kidney allograft. We report the long-term renal graft outcomes of 40 patients who had simultaneous CLKT. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of kidney graft survival (time from transplantation to death, return to dialysis or last follow-up event) in all pediatric patients (age < 18 years old) who underwent CLKT from March 1994 to January 2015...
September 2016: Pediatric Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27092138/transplant-tolerance-induction-in-newborn-infants-mechanisms-advantages-and-potential-strategies
#35
REVIEW
Hua Pan, Aram Gazarian, Jean-Michel Dubernard, Alexandre Belot, Marie-Cécile Michallet, Mauricette Michallet
Although several tolerance induction protocols have been successfully implemented in adult renal transplantation, no tolerance induction approach has, as yet, been defined for solid organ transplantations in young infants. Pediatric transplant recipients have a pressing demand for the elaboration of tolerance induction regimens. Indeed, since they display a longer survival time, they are exposed to a higher level of risks linked to long-term immunosuppression (IS) and to chronic rejection. Interestingly, central tolerance induction may be of great interest in newborns, because of their immunological immaturity and the important role of the thymus at this early stage in life...
2016: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25334310/immunological-warfare-two-cases-of-hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis-in-young-adults
#36
Ryan Sugarman, Yonatan Greenstein, Seth Koenig
Critical Care Student/Resident Case Report Posters IISESSION TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case ReportPRESENTED ON: Tuesday, October 28, 2014 at 01:30 PM - 02:30 PMINTRODUCTION: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocystosis (HLH), a syndrome of pathologic immune system activation, results in a severe systemic inflammatory response. Rare in adults, it is well-described in the pediatric population. If unrecognized it is uniformly fatal; with prompt treatment mortality remains high. We present two cases of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated HLH in young adults admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU)...
October 1, 2014: Chest
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24711434/kidney-involvement-in-autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal-dystrophy-in-a-finnish-cohort
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Kluger, Janne Kataja, Heikki Aho, Ann-Mari Rönn, Kai Krohn, Annamari Ranki
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune tubulo-interstitial nephritis (TIN) is a rare complication of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). Previous data on TIN and other renal or urologic manifestations of APECED are sparse. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on the urinary and renal tract diseases in a cohort of 30 Finnish patients with APECED (mean age 40 years), with special emphasis on the clinical presentation and the immunologic characteristics of TIN...
September 2014: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24510376/patients-with-primary-immunodeficiencies-in-pediatric-intensive-care-unit-outcomes-and-mortality-related-risk-factors
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cağlar Odek, Tanil Kendirli, Figen Doğu, Ayhan Yaman, Göksel Vatansever, Funda Cipe, Sule Haskoloğlu, Can Ateş, Erdal Ince, Aydan Ikincioğullari
PURPOSES: The aims of this study were to review the frequency, characteristics, and the clinical course of primary immunodeficiency (PID) patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and attempt to identify factors related with mortality that might predict a poor outcome. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of children with PID aged 1 month to 18 years and admitted to PICU from January 2002 to January 2012 in our tertiary teaching children's hospital...
April 2014: Journal of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24341571/early-protocol-biopsies-in-pediatric-renal-transplantation-interest-for-the-adaptation-of-immunosuppression
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Bruel, Emma Allain-Launay, Julie Humbert, Amélie Ryckewaert, Gérard Champion, Anne Moreau, Karine Renaudin, Georges Karam, Gwenaelle Roussey-Kesler
GPB are often performed in PRT to detect subclinical acute rejection or IF/TA. Reducing immunosuppression side effects without increasing rejection is a major concern in PRT. We report the results of GPB in children transplanted with a steroid-sparing protocol adapted to immunological risk. Children under 18 yr who received a renal transplantation between April 1, 2009 and May 31, 2012 were included. Immunosuppression consisted of an antibody induction therapy, tacrolimus, and MMF for all recipients. CSs were administered to children under five yr old, or receiving a second allograft...
March 2014: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24164824/alemtuzumab-induction-with-tacrolimus-monotherapy-in-25-pediatric-renal-transplant-recipients
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Sung, John M Barry, Randy Jenkins, David Rozansky, Sandra Iragorri, Michael Conlin, Amira Al-Uzri
ALA induction in transplantation has been shown to reduce the need for maintenance immunosuppression. We report the outcome of 25 pediatric renal transplants between 2007 and 2010 using ALA induction followed by tacrolimus maintenance monotherapy. Patient ages were 1-19 yr (mean 14 ± 4.1 yr). Time of follow-up was 7-51 months (mean 26 ± 13 months). Tacrolimus monotherapy was maintained in 48% of patients, and glucocorticoids were avoided in 80% of recipients. Mean plasma creatinine and GFR at one yr post-transplant were 0...
December 2013: Pediatric Transplantation
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