Thorax tube

BACKGROUND:  To ensure safe and optimal surgical conditions in thoracic surgery, one-lung ventilation is crucial. Various techniques exist to achieve one-lung ventilation. Tracheotomized patients who require one-lung ventilation represent a unique and rare subgroup that demands specialized knowledge and skills. The very limited literature has discussed alternative methods, no randomized controlled trials have addressed this issue yet. METHODS:  We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent one-lung ventilation in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of a German University Hospital between 2016 and 2021...

Personalized dose monitoring and risk management are of increasing significance with the growing number of computer tomography (CT) examinations. These require high-quality Monte Carlo (MC) simulations that are of the utmost importance for the new developments in personalized CT dosimetry. 
This work aims to extend the MC framework EGSnrc source code with a new particle source. This, in turn, allows CT-scanner-specific dose and image calculations for any CT scanner. The novel method can be used with all modern EGSnrc user codes, particularly for the simulation of the effective dose based on DICOM images and the calculation of CT images...

A new species of Alloscopus Brner, 1906 (Orchesellidae: Heteromurinae), A. arborealis sp. nov., is herein described from Mt. Makiling, Laguna, Philippines. The new species is distinct from its blind congeners by the combination of: 7+7 macrochaetae on head An series and 1+1 on M series; 13+13 macrochaetae on thorax II (vs. 912) and 7+7 central on thorax III (vs. 6+6); absence of the microsensilla on abdomen I; abdomen IV with four sensilla (vs. three); and ventral tube with a small number of chaetae on its posterior face (45 vs...

Virtual mono-energetic images (VMI) using dual-layer computed tomography (DLCT) enable substantial contrast medium (CM) reductions. However, the combined impact of patient size, tube voltage, and heart rate (HR) on VMI of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) remains unknown. This phantom study aimed to assess VMI levels achieving comparable contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in CCTA at 50% CM dose across varying tube voltages, patient sizes, and HR, compared to the reference protocol (100% CM dose, conventional at 120 kVp)...

Non-linear properties of iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms can alter image texture. We evaluated the effect of a model-based IR algorithm (advanced modelled iterative reconstruction; ADMIRE) and dose on computed tomography thorax image quality. Dual-source scanner data were acquired at 20, 45 and 65 reference mAs in 20 patients. Images reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) and ADMIRE Strengths 3-5 were assessed independently by six radiologists and analysed using an ordinal logistic regression model...

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the image quality of chest radiographs obtained using a camera-type portable X-ray device is appropriate for clinical practice by comparing them with traditional mobile digital X-ray devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients who visited our emergency department and underwent endotracheal intubation, central venous catheterization, or nasogastric tube insertion were included in the study. Two radiologists scored images captured with traditional mobile devices before insertion and those captured with camera-type devices after insertion...

This case report details the distinctive and demanding clinical situation involving a four-month-old female neonate. Her chief complaint was a two-day refusal to consume food orally, accompanied by episodes of vomiting following feedings and a sensation of choking in the throat. The referring physician suspected the presence of a foreign body in the patient's esophagus and advised a chest X-ray following a thorough examination. The presence of six hyperdense metallic foreign bodies in the upper, mid, and distal dorsal esophagus was confirmed by subsequent CT thorax imaging...

BACKGROUND: Pneumothorax is a common issue in the intensive care unit and emergency department, often diagnosed using lung ultrasound. The absence of lung sliding and the presence of the lung point sign are characteristic findings for pneumothorax. We describe a case of left pneumothorax diagnosed incidentally while performing a cardiac ultrasound through a new variant of the lung point sign. CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old patient with a medical history of diabetes, stroke, and right colon cancer underwent urgent surgical treatment for intestinal sub-occlusion...

A 24-year-old male patient, without further symptoms or comorbidities presented to the emergency room with acute dyspnea after heavy lifting two days before. On auscultation an attenuated vesicular breath was noticed on the right lung. In the initial chest radiograph a right-sided primary spontaneous pneumothorax with minor mediastinal shift was diagnosed. After insertion of a 12-French chest tube the patient's clinical condition deteriorated. The following chest radiograph and computed tomography of the thorax showed a reexpansion pulmonary edema in the right lung...

Postoperative chylous leak after esophagectomy is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication that results in hypovolemia, electrolyte imbalance, malnutrition, and immunologic deficiency. However, the management of postoperative chylous leak remains controversial. Following a diagnosis of esophageal cancer, a 64-year-old man was treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy, laparoscopic gastric tube formation, prophylactically thoracic duct ligation, and reconstruction with esophagogastrostomy at the neck level...

BACKGROUND: Empyema as a rare cause of respiratory distress in neonatal period has not yet been reported after Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and even rarely in the context of bacterial infections is age group. CASE PRESENTATION: The first neonate of quadruplets, resulting from Cesarean-Section of a 30-year-old mother without a history of previous illness, born at 34 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 1600 gram. All four newborns were hospitalized; while the first one underwent nasal continuous positive airway pressure (N-CPAP) with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 6 and fractional inspired oxygen of 0...

INTRODUCTION: Chest wall and/or diaphragm reconstruction aim to preserve, restore or improve respiratory function, conserve anatomical cavities and upkeep postural and upper extremity support. This can be achieved by utilizing a wide range of different grafts made of synthetic, biological, autologous or bioartificial materials. We aim to review our experience with decellularized bovine pericardium as graft in the past decade. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgical chest wall and/or diaphragm repair with decellularized bovine pericardium between 01...

PURPOSE: After intubation, a frontal chest radiograph (CXR) is obtained to assess the endotracheal tube (ETT) position by measuring the ETT tip-to-carina distance. ETT tip location changes with neck position and can be determined by assessing the position of the mandible. As the mandible is typically not visualized on standard CXRs, we developed a new protocol where the mandible is seen on the CXR, hypothesizing that it will improve the accuracy of the ETT position assessment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two groups of intubated patients studied (February 9, 2021 to May 4, 2021): CXR taken in either standard or new protocol (visible mandible required)...

INTODUCTION: In veterinary medicine, airway management of cats under general anesthesia is performed with an endotracheal tube (ETT) or supraglottic airway device (SGAD). This study aims to describe the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to assess the velocities, pressures, and resistances of cats with ETT or SGAD. METHODS: A geometrical reconstruction model of the device, trachea, and lobar bronchi was carried out from computed tomography (CT) scans that include the head, neck, and thorax...

Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after lung transplantation poses several risks, including higher tracheostomy rates and increased in-hospital mortality. Mechanical power (MP) of artificial ventilation unifies the ventilatory variables that determine gas exchange and may be related to allograft function following transplant, affecting ventilator weaning. We retrospectively analyzed consecutive double lung transplant recipients at a national transplant center, ventilated through endotracheal tubes upon ICU admission, excluding those receiving extracorporeal support...

OBJECTIVE: To discover the prevalence of endotracheal tube (ETT) constriction and rostral and caudal mispositioning in anaesthetized cats and dogs, and to identify associated risk factors. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. ANIMALS: A total of 146 cats and 670 dogs. METHODS: Computed tomography images of the head/neck/thorax from orotracheally intubated cats and dogs were visually assessed for constriction or mispositioning of the ETT...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether adding glue-injection to three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) has extra benefits to facilitate anatomical segmentectomy for pulmonary nodules. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial. The patients undergoing thoracoscopic segmentectomy assisted with 3D-CTBA simulation were enrolled. Then they were divided into the 3D-CTBA group and the glue-labelling group who received additional CT-guided percutaneous glue (2-octyl cyanoacrylate) injection to label the nodules...

About 10% of newborns require some degree of assistance to begin their breathing, and 1% necessitates extensive resuscitation. Sick neonates are exposed to a number of invasive life-saving procedures as part of their management, either for investigation or for treatment. In order to support the neonates with the maximum possible benefits and reduce iatrogenic morbidity, health-care providers performing these procedures must be familiar with their indications, measurements, and potential complications. Hence, the aim of this review is to summarise ten of the main neonatal intensive care procedures with highlighting of their indications, measurements, and complications...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Thoracic air leak syndrome (TALS) is a complication related to chronic pulmonary graft-versus-host disease (pGvHD) that affects approximately 0.83%-3.08% patients after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Such complication is defined as the occurrence of any form of air leak in the thorax, including spontaneous pneumomediastinum or pneumopericardium, subcutaneous emphysema, interstitial emphysema and pneumothorax and has a negative impact on post-transplant survival...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications, such as airway leak syndrome, are common in preterm neonates; however, bronchial rupture is a rarely seen phenomenon. CASE PRESENTATION: In this case, we present a preterm newborn who developed pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. The pneumothorax persisted, despite placement of a thorax tube, requiring a thoracotomy to detect and treat the bronchial rupture. CONCLUSION: Physicians should have a high suspicion of bronchial rupture in patients with persistent air leak syndrome, even after thorax tube placement and continuous negative pressure implementation...