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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arthur Wickenhagen, Elena Sugrue, Spyros Lytras, Srikeerthana Kuchi, Marko Noerenberg, Matthew L Turnbull, Colin Loney, Vanessa Herder, Jay Allan, Innes Jarmson, Natalia Cameron-Ruiz, Margus Varjak, Rute M Pinto, Jeffrey Y Lee, Louisa Iselin, Natasha Palmalux, Douglas G Stewart, Simon Swingler, Edward J D Greenwood, Thomas W M Crozier, Quan Gu, Emma L Davies, Sara Clohisey, Bo Wang, Fabio Trindade Maranhão Costa, Monique Freire Santana, Luiz Carlos de Lima Ferreira, Lee Murphy, Angie Fawkes, Alison Meynert, Graeme Grimes, Joao Luiz Da Silva Filho, Matthias Marti, Joseph Hughes, Richard J Stanton, Eddie C Y Wang, Antonia Ho, Ilan Davis, Ruth F Jarrett, Alfredo Castello, David L Robertson, Malcolm G Semple, Peter J M Openshaw, Massimo Palmarini, Paul J Lehner, J Kenneth Baillie, Suzannah J Rihn, Sam J Wilson
Inherited genetic factors can influence the severity of COVID-19, but the molecular explanation underpinning a genetic association is often unclear. Intracellular antiviral defenses can inhibit the replication of viruses and reduce disease severity. To better understand the antiviral defenses relevant to COVID-19, we used interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression screening to reveal that 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), through ribonuclease L, potently inhibits severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)...
October 29, 2021: Science
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin M Braunscheidel, Michael P Okas, Stan B Floresco, John J Woodward
Drugs of abuse including cannabis and inhalants impair risk/reward decision making. Cannabis use is often concurrent with inhalant intoxication; yet, preclinical studies investigating the role of endocannabinoids in inhalant misuse are limited. To address this gap in the literature, we used the well-validated probabilistic discounting task to assess risk/reward decision making in rodents following combinations of toluene vapor (a common inhalant) and manipulations of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) signaling...
July 22, 2021: Psychopharmacology
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REVIEW
Wajd Alkabbani, John-Michael Gamble
Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a novel class of pharmacotherapeutics for type 2 diabetes management that work by reducing renal reabsorption of glucose. Ipragliflozin is a potent, selective SGLT-2 inhibitor used for the management of type 2 diabetes. Objective: The primary aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin for the management of type 2 diabetes. We also review the discovery, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profile of ipragliflozin...
2021: Drug Design, Development and Therapy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary E M Giovannini-Green, John-Michael Gamble, Brendan Barrett, Zhiwei Gao, Susan Stuckless, Patrick S Parfrey
OBJECTIVE: The use of antipsychotics to treat seniors in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) has raised concern because of health consequences (i.e., increased risk of falls, stroke, death) in this vulnerable population. This study measured geographic patterns of antipsychotic utilization among seniors living in LTCFs in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and assessed potential inappropriateness. METHOD: We analyzed prescription records among adults 66 years and older with provincial prescription drug coverage admitted to LTCFs in NL between April 1, 2011, and March 31, 2014...
May 2021: Canadian Pharmacists Journal: CPJ
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
André J McDonald, Steven Cook, Nigel E Turner, Anca R Ialomiteanu, Robert E Mann, Susan J Bondy, Michael Roerecke, John McCready, Dov Millstone, Hayley A Hamilton, Tara Elton-Marshall, Jürgen Rehm, Paul Kurdyak, Gabriela Ilie, Evelyn R Vingilis, Christine M Wickens, Mark van der Maas, Michael D Cusimano
Recognition of ADHD in the adult population is relatively recent. Epidemiological research examining the mental health impact of ADHD in adulthood is thus limited. The objective of this study was to examine whether adult ADHD symptoms are associated with psychological distress, hazardous drinking, and problem gambling, after controlling for traumatic brain injury and sociodemographic characteristics. We analyzed data from a population-based survey administered in 2015 and 2016 to adults aged 18 years and over in Ontario, Canada (N = 3,817)...
May 9, 2021: Psychiatry Research
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikola Dolezalova, Anja Gruszczyk, Kerry Barkan, John A Gamble, Sam Galvin, Till Moreth, Kevin O'Holleran, Krishnaa T Mahbubani, Jackie A Higgins, Fiona M Gribble, Frank Reimann, Jakub Surmacki, Simon Andrews, John J Casey, Francesco Pampaloni, Michael P Murphy, Graham Ladds, Nigel K H Slater, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
Cryopreservation offers the potential to increase the availability of pancreatic islets for treatment of diabetic patients. However, current protocols, which use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), lead to poor cryosurvival of islets. We demonstrate that equilibration of mouse islets with small molecules in aqueous solutions can be accelerated from > 24 to 6 h by increasing incubation temperature to 37 °C. We utilize this finding to demonstrate that current viability staining protocols are inaccurate and to develop a novel cryopreservation method combining DMSO with trehalose pre-incubation to achieve improved cryosurvival...
May 17, 2021: Scientific Reports
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Moriello, J Michael Paterson, Pauline Reynier, Matthew Dahl, Wusiman Aibibula, Anat Fisher, John-Michael Gamble, I Fan Kuo, Paul E Ronksley, Brandace Winquist, Kristian B Filion
BACKGROUND: Trends in off-label postpartum use of domperidone and the impact of safety advisories on its use remain unknown. Our objectives were to describe postpartum use of domperidone in Canada, to evaluate the impact of Health Canada advisories on prescribing patterns, and to describe the association between domperidone use and a composite end point of sudden cardiac death or ventricular tachycardia (VT) among postpartum patients. METHODS: We conducted a multidatabase cohort study involving pregnant patients with live births between 2004 and 2017 using administrative health databases from 5 Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario)...
2021: CMAJ Open
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura D Gamble, Stefania Purgato, Michelle J Henderson, Simone Di Giacomo, Amanda J Russell, Paolo Pigini, Jayne Murray, Emanuele Valli, Giorgio Milazzo, Federico M Giorgi, Mark Cowley, Lesley J Ashton, Jaydutt Bhalshankar, Gudrun Schleiermacher, Ali Rihani, Tom Van Maerken, Jo Vandesompele, Frank Speleman, Rogier Versteeg, Jan Koster, Angelika Eggert, Rosa Noguera, Raymond L Stallings, Gian Paolo Tonini, Kwun Fong, Zalman Vaksman, Sharon J Diskin, John M Maris, Wendy B London, Glenn M Marshall, David S Ziegler, Michael D Hogarty, Giovanni Perini, Murray D Norris, Michelle Haber
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1), a critical regulatory enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN, amplification of which is a powerful marker of aggressive neuroblastoma. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G316A, within the first intron of ODC1 , results in genotypes wildtype GG, and variants AG/AA. CRISPR-cas9 technology was used to investigate the effects of AG clones from wildtype MYCN -amplified SK-N-BE(2)-C cells and the effect of the SNP on MYCN binding, and promoter activity was investigated using EMSA and luciferase assays...
April 9, 2021: Cancers
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wajd Alkabbani, Ryan Pelletier, John-Michael Gamble
Evidence from observational studies may be considered complementary to that of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), particularly when assessing rare outcomes of drug therapies. The sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a novel class of antidiabetics that has been linked to an increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analyzed data from RCTs (n=18) and observational (n=7) studies separately, to assess the consistency of the magnitude of association between SGLT-2 inhibitors and DKA...
March 6, 2021: American Journal of Epidemiology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sergej Schuwalow, Niels B M Schröter, Jan Gukelberger, Candice Thomas, Vladimir Strocov, John Gamble, Alla Chikina, Marco Caputo, Jonas Krieger, Geoffrey C Gardner, Matthias Troyer, Gabriel Aeppli, Michael J Manfra, Peter Krogstrup
The design of epitaxial semiconductor-superconductor and semiconductor-metal quantum devices requires a detailed understanding of the interfacial electronic band structure. However, the band alignment of buried interfaces is difficult to predict theoretically and to measure experimentally. This work presents a procedure that allows to reliably determine critical parameters for engineering quantum devices; band offset, band bending profile, and number of occupied quantum well subbands of interfacial accumulation layers at semiconductor-metal interfaces...
February 2021: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
#31
REVIEW
Ryan Pelletier, Kelvin Ng, Wajd Alkabbani, Youssef Labib, Nicolas Mourad, John-Michael Gamble
BACKGROUND: Multiple published quantitative systematic reviews have reported on adverse events associated with the use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. AIMS: To summarize and appraise the quality of evidence from quantitative systematic reviews assessing adverse events of SGLT-2 inhibitors. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for quantitative systematic reviews assessing SGLT-2 inhibitor safety...
2021: Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Badart, Emma M Barnes, Andrew P Cording, Selena Gilmer, Ian D Billinghurst, Veera Edupuganti, Guillaume Lessene, Abigail Bland, Rebekah Bower, Zohaib Rana, Scott Ferguson, Helen Opel Reading, Greg Cook, Rhonda Rosengren, Kurt Krause, Allan Gamble, John Ashton, Bill C Hawkins
A second generation enantiospecific synthesis of spiroleucettadine is described. The original reported antibacterial activity was not observed when repeated on the synthetic samples, however, significant anti-proliferative activity was uncovered for both enantiomers of spiroleucettadine. Comparison of the optical rotational data and ORD-CD spectra of both enantiomers and the reported spectrum from the natural source has not provided a definitive answer regarding the absolute stereochemistry of naturally occurring spiroleucettadine...
December 15, 2020: ChemMedChem
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Emil Amegadzie, John-Michael Gamble, Jamie Farrell, Zhiwei Gao
Purpose: Gender differences in the incidence, susceptibility and severity of many obstructive airway diseases (OADs) have been well recognized. However, gender differences in the inhaled pharmacotherapy profile are not well characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate gender differences in new-users of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), short-or long-acting beta2 -agonist (SABA or LABA), ICS/LABA, short-or long-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA or LAMA) among patients with asthma, COPD or asthma-COPD overlap (ACO)...
2020: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Spencer B Huggett, Evan A Winiger, Rohan H C Palmer, John K Hewitt, Robin P Corley, Michael C Stallings
The multitude of gambling activities has given rise to heterogeneous ways of analyzing these behaviors and may partially underlie the lack of replication in gambling research. The current study used complementary analyses to investigate the structure, typology and etiology of gambling behaviors in a discovery sample of 2,116 twins (54.86% female; Mage = 24.90) and a replication sample of 619 siblings (30.37% female; Mage = 28.00). Our approach was twofold. First, we used confirmatory factor analyses to investigate the structure across the frequency of eight gambling activities...
September 16, 2020: Addictive Behaviors
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meshari F Alwashmi, Beverly Fitzpatrick, Erin Davis, Jamie Farrell, John-Michael Gamble, John Hawboldt
BACKGROUND: The use of mobile health (mHealth) interventions has the potential to enhance chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to determine which mHealth features are required to potentially enhance COPD self-management. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore the potential features of an mHealth intervention for COPD management with healthcare providers (HCPs) and patients with COPD. It could inform the development and successful implementation of mHealth interventions for COPD management...
January 2020: Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meshari F Alwashmi, Beverly Fitzpatrick, Jamie Farrell, John-Michael Gamble, Erin Davis, Hai Van Nguyen, Gerard Farrell, John Hawboldt
BACKGROUND: Using a mobile health (mHealth) intervention consisting of a smartphone and compatible medical device has the potential to enhance chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment outcomes while mitigating health care costs. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the demographics, use, and access to smartphones of patients with COPD. It also aims to explore and develop an understanding of potential facilitators and barriers that might influence patients using mHealth interventions for COPD management...
July 23, 2020: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
#37
REVIEW
Ryan Pelletier, Kelvin Ng, Wajd Alkabbani, Youssef Labib, Nicolas Mourad, John-Michael Gamble
AIMS: To summarize reported cancer events associated with SGLT-2 inhibitors used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as assess the quality of included reviews. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In May 2019, we searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for quantitative systematic reviews assessing the safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors. Data were abstracted using a standardized form, and methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Main outcome measures included total cancer events and specific cancers such as breast cancer, bladder cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, prostate cancer, respiratory cancer, renal cancer and skin cancer...
July 2020: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
#38
COMMENT
Michael Verret, François Lauzier, Ryan Zarychanski, Caroline Perron, Xavier Savard, Anne-Marie Pinard, Guillaume Leblanc, Marie-Joëlle Cossi, Xavier Neveu, Alexis F Turgeon
BACKGROUND: Widely used for acute pain management, the clinical benefit from perioperative use of gabapentinoids is uncertain. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the analgesic effect and adverse events with the perioperative use of gabapentinoids in adult patients. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials studying the use of gabapentinoids in adult patients undergoing surgery were included. The primary outcome was the intensity of postoperative acute pain...
August 2020: Anesthesiology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ann W St Claire, Samantha Friedrichsen, Raymond G Boyle, John Kingsbury, Michael J Parks, Sharrilyn Helgertz
In 2007 Minnesota passed into law a comprehensive ban on indoor smoking of tobacco products in public places including bars, restaurants, and workplaces. Despite reductions in smoking prevalence in the past 12 years, people are still exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS). It remains important to understand where and how long nonsmokers face exposure to SHS. The 2018 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey was analyzed to examine self-reported SHS exposure among nonsmoking adults. We report prevalence and 95 percent confidence intervals of SHS exposure overall, by specific locations, and by demographics...
September 2020: Preventive Medicine Reports
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hai V Nguyen, Stephen Bornstein, John-Michael Gamble, Maria Mathews, Lisa Bishop, Shweta Mital
BACKGROUND: Choice of minimum legal age (MLA) for cannabis use is a critical and contentious issue in legalization of non-medical cannabis. In Canada where non-medical cannabis was recently legalized in October 2018, the federal government recommended age 18, the medical community argued for 21 or even 25, while public consultations led most Canadian provinces to adopt age 19. However, no research has compared later life outcomes of first using cannabis at these different ages to assess their merits as MLAs...
May 14, 2020: BMC Public Health
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