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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ling Yan, Yong-Xia Fang, En-Qing Lu, E Xu, Yi-Yu Zhang, Xiang Chen, Min Zhu
Glutamine (Gln) is the major energy source of intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) and plays a critical role in the nutritional physiological function of the intestine. However, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Here, the Gln-sensing pathway in IPEC-J2 cells was investigated. The results showed that Gln increased the cell proliferation. Subsequently, an analysis of the phosphorylated proteome revealed that Gln markedly upregulated ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) phosphorylation at serine 235/236, suggesting that Gln activated the mTORC1 pathway...
September 22, 2023: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekaterina G Viktorova, Samuel Gabaglio, Seyedehmahsa Moghimi, Anna Zimina, Bridge G Wynn, Elizabeth Sztul, George A Belov
The cellular protein GBF1, an activator of Arf GTPases (ArfGEF: Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor), is recruited to the replication organelles of enteroviruses through interaction with the viral protein 3A, and its ArfGEF activity is required for viral replication, however how GBF1-dependent Arf activation supports the infection remains enigmatic. Here, we investigated the development of resistance of poliovirus, a prototype enterovirus, to increasing concentrations of brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of GBF1...
September 18, 2023: PLoS Pathogens
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karina Kinghorn, Amy Gill, Allison Marvin, Renee Li, Kaitlyn Quigley, Simcha Singh, Michaelanthony T Gore, Ferdinand le Noble, Feilim Mac Gabhann, Victoria L Bautch
FLT1/VEGFR1 negatively regulates VEGF-A signaling and is required for proper vessel morphogenesis during vascular development and vessel homeostasis. Although a soluble isoform, sFLT1, is often mis-regulated in disease and aging, how sFLT1 is trafficked and secreted from endothelial cells is not well understood. Here we define requirements for constitutive sFLT1 trafficking and secretion in endothelial cells from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and we show that sFLT1 secretion requires clathrin at or near the Golgi...
September 11, 2023: Angiogenesis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaitlyn M Manzer, J Christopher Fromme
Arf GTPases are central regulators of the Golgi complex, which serves as the nexus of membrane trafficking pathways in eukaryotic cells. Arf proteins recruit dozens of effectors to modify membranes, sort cargos, and create and tether transport vesicles, and are therefore essential for orchestrating Golgi trafficking. The regulation of Arf activity is controlled by the action of Arf-GEFs, which activate via nucleotide exchange, and Arf-GAPs, which inactivate via nucleotide hydrolysis. The localization dynamics of Arf GTPases and their Arf-GAPs during Golgi maturation have not been reported...
September 6, 2023: Molecular Biology of the Cell
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oluwatoyosi Muse, Rushad Patell, Christian G Peters, Moua Yang, Emale El-Darzi, Sol Schulman, Anna Falanga, Marina Marchetti, Laura Russo, Jeffrey I Zwicker, Robert Flaumenhaft
Thrombosis is a common complication of advanced cancer. Yet the cellular mechanisms linking malignancy to thrombosis are poorly understood. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an ER stress response associated with advanced cancers. A proteomic evaluation of plasmas from gastric and non-small cell lung cancer patients who were monitored prospectively for venous thromboembolism demonstrated increased levels of UPR-related markers in plasmas of patients who developed clots compared to those who did not. Release of procoagulant activity into supernatants of gastric, lung, and pancreatic cancer cells was enhanced by UPR induction and blocked by antagonists of the UPR receptors IRE1α or PERK...
August 31, 2023: JCI Insight
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying-Hui Wang, Hong Dai, Ling Zhang, Yun Wu, Jingfen Wang, Chen Wang, Cai-Huang Xu, Hai Hou, Bing Yang, Yongqun Zhu, Xing Zhang, Jie Zhou
Archaeal ribosomes have many domain-specific features; however, our understanding of these structures is limited. We present 10 cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the archaeal ribosome from crenarchaeota Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (Sac) at 2.7-5.7 Å resolution. We observed unstable conformations of H68 and h44 of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in the subunit structures, which may interfere with subunit association. These subunit structures provided models for 12 rRNA expansion segments and 3 novel r-proteins...
August 22, 2023: Nucleic Acids Research
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahekta R Gujar, Yang Gao, Xiang Teng, Qiannan Deng, Kun-Yang Lin, Ye Sing Tan, Yusuke Toyama, Hongyan Wang
The ability of stem cells to switch between quiescent and proliferative states is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and regeneration. In Drosophila, quiescent neural stem cells (qNSCs) extend a primary protrusion, a hallmark of qNSCs. Here, we have found that qNSC protrusions can be regenerated upon injury. This regeneration process relies on the Golgi apparatus that acts as the major acentrosomal microtubule-organizing center in qNSCs. A Golgi-resident GTPase Arf1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec71 promote NSC reactivation and regeneration via the regulation of microtubule growth...
August 10, 2023: Developmental Cell
#28
Kaitlyn M Manzer, J Christopher Fromme
Arf GTPases are central regulators of the Golgi complex, which serves as the nexus of membrane trafficking pathways in eukaryotic cells. Arf proteins recruit dozens of effectors to modify membranes, sort cargos, and create and tether transport vesicles, and are therefore essential for orchestrating Golgi trafficking. The regulation of Arf activity is controlled by the action of Arf-GEFs, which activate via nucleotide exchange, and Arf-GAPs, which inactivate via nucleotide hydrolysis. The localization dynamics of Arf GTPases and their Arf-GAPs during Golgi maturation have not been reported...
July 24, 2023: bioRxiv
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing-Guang Xie, Wei-Lan Lu, Kun-Miao Feng, Cheng-Jian Zheng, Yang Yang, Min Jia, Yi-Sang Wu, Yan-Zhang Shi, Ting Han, Lu-Ping Qin
Endophytic fungi play important roles in regulating plant growth and development and usually used as a promising strategy to enhance the biosynthesis of host valuable secondary metabolite, but the underlying growth-promoting mechanisms are only partly understood. In this study, the wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings co-cultured with fungal endophyte Epichloë bromicola showed auxin (IAA)-stimulated phenotypes, and the growth-promoting effects caused by E. bromicola were further verified by the experiments of spatially separated co-culture and fungal extract treatment...
July 27, 2023: Current Microbiology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara A Lewis, Somayeh Bakhtiari, Jacob Forstrom, Allan Bayat, Frédéric Bilan, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Ebba Alkhunaizi, Hilary Vernon, Sergio R Padilla-Lopez, Michael C Kruer
AGAP1 is an Arf1 GAP that regulates endolysosomal trafficking. Damaging variants have been linked to cerebral palsy and autism. We report three new individuals with microdeletion variants in AGAP1. Affected individuals have intellectual disability (3/3), autism (3/3), dystonia with axial hypotonia (1/3), abnormalities of brain maturation (1/3), growth impairment (2/3) and facial dysmorphism (2/3). We investigated mechanisms potentially underlying AGAP1 neurodevelopmental impairments using the Drosophila ortholog, CenG1a...
July 20, 2023: Disease Models & Mechanisms
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Ren, Wen Bo Li, Zhe Xin Li, Wen Lin Zhang, Deng Wei Jue, Hai Tao Xing, Hong Lei Li, Qiang Li
The rhizome is an economically important part of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). However, the mechanism of ginger rhizome enlargement remains unclear. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of the hormone content and transcriptome of ginger at three rhizome enlargement stages: initial enlargement (S1), middle enlargement (S2), and peak enlargement (S3). With rhizome enlargement, the levels of the hormones zeatin (ZT), gibberellic acid (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA), and jasmonic acid (JA) were significantly increased, and this increase was positively correlated with rhizome diameter...
2023: PloS One
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahekta R Gujar, Yang Gao, Xiang Teng, Wei Yung Ding, Jiaen Lin, Ye Sing Tan, Liang Yuh Chew, Yusuke Toyama, Hongyan Wang
The ability of stem cells to switch between quiescent and proliferative states is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Drosophila quiescent neural stem cells (qNSCs) extend a primary protrusion that is enriched in acentrosomal microtubules and can be regenerated upon injury. Arf1 promotes microtubule growth, reactivation (exit from quiescence), and regeneration of qNSC protrusions upon injury. However, how Arf1 is regulated in qNSCs remains elusive. Here, we show that the microtubule minus-end binding protein Patronin/CAMSAP promotes acentrosomal microtubule growth and quiescent NSC reactivation...
July 13, 2023: EMBO Reports
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongzhe Zhu, Xiaohang Wang, Zhiwei He, Ping Zhao, Hao Ren, Zhongtian Qi
Infection of the central nervous system caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) remains the main cause of death in hand-foot-and-mouth disease. However, the mechanism responsible for how EV71 breaks through the blood-brain barrier to infect brain cells has yet to be elucidated. By performing a high-throughput small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening and validation, we found that the infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) by EV71 was independent of the endocytosis pathways mediated by caveolin, clathrin, and macropinocytosis but dependent on ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6), a small guanosinetriphosphate (GTP)-binding protein of the Ras superfamily...
July 2023: Journal of Medical Virology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ludovic Enkler, Viktoria Szentgyörgyi, Mirjam Pennauer, Cristina Prescianotto-Baschong, Isabelle Riezman, Aneta Wiesyk, Reut Ester Avraham, Martin Spiess, Einat Zalckvar, Roza Kucharczyk, Howard Riezman, Anne Spang
Lipid mobilization through fatty acid β-oxidation is a central process essential for energy production during nutrient shortage. In yeast, this catabolic process starts in the peroxisome from where β-oxidation products enter mitochondria and fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Little is known about the physical and metabolic cooperation between these organelles. Here we found that expression of fatty acid transporters and of the rate-limiting enzyme involved in β-oxidation is decreased in cells expressing a hyperactive mutant of the small GTPase Arf1, leading to an accumulation of fatty acids in lipid droplets...
July 3, 2023: Nature Cell Biology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danni Yu, Quanhui Dai, Zixiang Wang, Steven X Hou, Ling V Sun
AIMS: The small GTPase protein ARF1 has been shown to be involved in the lipolysis pathway and to selectively kill stem cells in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the role of ARF1 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the role of ARF1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and reveal the possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IEC-specific ARF1 deletion mouse model was used to evaluate the role of ARF1 in intestine. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to detect specific cell type markers, and intestinal organoids were cultured to assess intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and differentiation...
June 29, 2023: Life Sciences
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yesica R Frontini-López, Lautaro Rivera, Cristian A Pocognoni, Julieta S Roldán, María I Colombo, Marina Uhart, Laura R Delgui
Gumboro illness is caused by the highly contagious immunosuppressive infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), which affects the poultry industry globally. We have previously shown that IBDV hijacks the endocytic pathway to construct viral replication complexes on endosomes linked to the Golgi complex (GC). Then, analyzing crucial proteins involved in the secretory pathway, we showed the essential requirement of Rab1b, the Rab1b downstream effector Golgi-specific BFA resistance factor 1 (GBF1), and its substrate, the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1), for IBDV replication...
May 31, 2023: Viruses
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shao-Chih Chiu, Xin-Ting Yang, Tong-You Wade Wei, Yu-Ting Amber Liao, Jo-Mei Maureen Chen, Yi-Chun Kuo, Chun-Chih Jared Liu, Chiao-Yun Cheng, Yu-Ting Jenny Huang, Yun-Ru Jaoying Huang, He-Lian Joe Wu, Chang-Xin Wan, Jia-Rung Tsai, Chang-Tze Ricky Yu
BACKGROUND: Golgi apparatus (GA) is assembled as a crescent-like ribbon in mammalian cells under immunofluorescence microscope without knowing the shaping mechanisms. It is estimated that roughly 1/5 of the genes encoding kinases or phosphatases in human genome participate in the assembly of Golgi ribbon, reflecting protein modifications play major roles in building Golgi ribbon. METHODS: To explore how Golgi ribbon is shaped as a crescent-like structure under the guidance of protein modifications, we identified a protein complex containing the scaffold proteins Ajuba, two known GA regulators including the protein kinase Aurora-A and the protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT5, and the common substrate of Aurora-A and PRMT5, HURP...
June 27, 2023: Cell Communication and Signaling: CCS
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taoyu Mei, Yuan Li, Anna Orduña Dolado, Zhiquan Li, Robin Andersson, Laura Berliocchi, Lene Juel Rasmussen
BACKGROUND: The growing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is becoming a global health challenge without effective treatments. Defective mitochondrial function and mitophagy have recently been suggested as etiological factors in AD, in association with abnormalities in components of the autophagic machinery like lysosomes and phagosomes. Several large transcriptomic studies have been performed on different brain regions from AD and healthy patients, and their data represent a vast source of important information that can be utilized to understand this condition...
2023: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxime Boutry, Laura F DiGiovanni, Nicholas Demers, Aaron Fountain, Sami Mamand, Roberto J Botelho, Peter K Kim
Formation and fission of tubules from autolysosomes, endolysosomes, or phagolysosomes are required for lysosome reformation. However, the mechanisms governing these processes in these different lysosomal organelles are poorly understood. Thus, the role of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) is unclear as it was shown to promote the formation of tubules from phagolysosomes but was proposed to inhibit tubule formation on autolysosomes because the loss of PI4KIIIβ causes extensive lysosomal tubulation...
September 4, 2023: Journal of Cell Biology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Madeleine de Sainte Agathe, Ben Pode-Shakked, Sophie Naudion, Vincent Michaud, Benoit Arveiler, Patricia Fergelot, Jean Delmas, Boris Keren, Céline Poirsier, Fowzan S Alkuraya, Brahim Tabarki, Eric Bend, Kellie Davis, Martina Bebin, Michelle L Thompson, Emily M Bryant, Matias Wagner, Iris Hannibal, Jerica Lenberg, Martin Krenn, Kristen M Wigby, Jennifer R Friedman, Maria Iascone, Anna Cereda, Térence Miao, Eric LeGuern, Emanuela Argilli, Elliott Sherr, Oana Caluseriu, Timothy Tidwell, Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, Caroline Hagedorn, Melanie Brugger, Katharina Vill, Francois-Dominique Morneau-Jacob, Wendy Chung, Kathryn N Weaver, Joshua W Owens, Ammar Husami, Bimal P Chaudhari, Brandon S Stone, Katie Burns, Rachel Li, Iris M de Lange, Margaux Biehler, Emmanuelle Ginglinger, Bénédicte Gérard, Rolf W Stottmann, Aurélien Trimouille
PURPOSE: ARF1 was previously implicated in periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH) in only five individuals and systematic clinical characterisation was not available. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of ARF1 -related neurodevelopmental disorder. METHODS: We collected detailed phenotypes of an international cohort of individuals (n=17) with ARF1 variants assembled through the GeneMatcher platform...
April 25, 2023: Journal of Medical Genetics
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