Xifaxan

BACKGROUND: Rifaximin is an oral antimicrobial drug with a broad-spectrum effect. It locally regulates the function and structure of intestinal bacteria and decreases intestinal endotoxemia. We aimed to investigate the preventive role of rifaximin in recurrent episodes of hepatic encephalopathy in cases with a history of hepatic diseases. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for the relevant studies using the following search strategy: "(Rifaximin) OR (Xifaxan) AND (cirrhosis) OR (encephalopathy)...

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There are various etiologies of colonic injury and inflammation. The most commonly described colitides in clinical practice are associated with infection, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia, radiation and medications. The colonic wall has a limited set of responses to different types of injury; therefore, there is overlap between many of these disorders. Focal active colitis is characterized by isolated neutrophilic cryptitis with the background mucosa displaying normal crypt architecture. This inflammatory pattern can be easily unnoticed by pathologists because on low-power examination the mucosa may have almost normal appearance...

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an increasingly common occurrence in the hospital setting, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In vitro studies have found that rifaximin, a nonabsorbable rifamycin antibiotic, displays potent antimicrobial activity against C. difficile. This systematic review thus aimed to examine the clinical role of rifaximin in CDI. Using the keywords [clostridium OR difficile OR colitis] AND [rifaximin OR xifaxan OR rifagut], a preliminary search on the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Clinicaltrials...

BACKGROUND: Travellers' diarrhoea affects tens of millions of people travelling to less developed countries or regions annually. There are positive reports of the use of rifaximin, a non-absorbed, gut-selective antibiotic to prevent travellers' diarrhoea. This study will critically review and analyse clinical trials on the subject. METHODS: Using the keywords [diarrhoea OR diarrhoea OR travel*] AND [rifaximin OR xifaxan OR xifaxanta OR normix OR rifagut], a preliminary search on the PubMed and Ovid databases yielded 411 papers published in English between 1 January 1988 and 1 July 2016...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Oral rifaximin 550 mg (Refero(®); Targaxan(®); Tixteller(®); Xifaxan(®)) twice daily, either alone or more commonly with medicines containing lactulose, is approved in several countries, including the UK, EU and USA, for use in adults with liver disease to reduce the recurrence of episodes of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibacterial that acts locally in the gut to reduce intestinal flora, including ammonia-producing species, with hyperammonaemia considered to play a central role in the pathogenesis of HE...

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious but usually reversible neuropsychiatric complication of cirrhosis, inborn errors of metabolism involving disorders of the urea cycle, and noncirrhotic portosystemic shunting that most commonly arises from a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting procedure. Symptoms can include alterations in cognitive function, neuromuscular activity, and consciousness, as well as sleep disorders and mood changes. HE is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and, if not properly treated, will lead to increased hospital admissions and healthcare costs...

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is responsible for an average of 50,000 hospitalizations of approximately 5.5 million individuals with liver cirrhosis every year. HE is a reversible complication of liver failure that causes neuropsychiatric problems. HE patients experience neurologic changes related to cognitive, psychiatric, and motor impairment. This impairment can be accompanied by a number of symptoms including decreased mental status, memory impairment, sensory changes, lack of concentration, disorientation, and coma...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.