Jill cook

Despite centuries of investigation, certain aspects of left ventricular anatomy remain either controversial or uncertain. We make no claims to have resolved these issues, but our review, based on our current knowledge of development, hopefully identifies the issues requiring further investigation. When first formed, the left ventricle had only inlet and apical components. With the expansion of the atrioventricular canal, the developing ventricle cedes part of its inlet to the right ventricle whilst retaining the larger parts of the cushions dividing the atrioventricular canal...

Although several occupational exposures have been linked to the risk of COPD; limited data exists on sex-specific differences. This study aimed to identify at-risk occupations and sex differences for COPD risk. Cases were identified in a large surveillance system established through the linkage of former compensation claimants' data (non-COPD claims) to physician visits, ambulatory care data, and hospital inpatient data (1983-2020). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for occupation groups (occupation at time of claim), stratified by sex...

BACKGROUND: Few "intervention agnostic" strategies have been developed that can be applied to the broad array of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in schools. This paper describes two studies that reflect the initial iterative redesign phases of an effective leadership-focused implementation strategy-Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI)-to ensure its acceptability, feasibility, contextual appropriateness, and usability when used in elementary schools. Our redesigned strategy-Helping Educational Leaders Mobilize Evidence (HELM)-is designed to improve principals' use of strategic implementation leadership to support the adoption and high-fidelity delivery of a universal EBP to improve student outcomes...

Tobacco smoking is highly prevalent in persons with psychosis and is the leading cause of preventable mortality in this population. Less is known about tobacco smoking in persons with first episode psychosis (FEP) and there have been no estimates about the prevalence of nicotine vaping in FEP. This study reports rates of tobacco smoking and nicotine vaping in young people with FEP enrolled in Coordinated Specialty Care programs in Pennsylvania and Maryland. Using data collected from 2021 to 2023, we examined lifetime and recent smoking and vaping and compared smokers and vapers to nonusers on symptoms, functioning, and substance use...

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical assessment findings between elite athletic populations with and without a clinical diagnosis of posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional case-control study. SETTING: Elite ballet and sport. PARTICIPANTS: Ten male and female professional ballet dancers and athletes with a clinical diagnosis of PAIS and were matched for age, sex, and activity to 10 professional ballet dancers and athletes without PAIS...

OBJECTIVE: In the 5.3-year randomized, 2 × 2 factorial, double-blind, placebo-controlled Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL), vitamin D supplementation reduced autoimmune disease (AD) incidence (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.99). Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation showed a statistically nonsignificant reduction (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.67-1.08). We aimed to confirm further AD cases arising during and after randomization and assess sustained effects with two years of postintervention observation...

Background : Integrated care involves care provided by a team of professionals, often in non-traditional settings. A common example worldwide is integrated school-based mental health (SBMH), which involves externally employed clinicians providing care at schools. Integrated mental healthcare can improve the accessibility and efficiency of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for vulnerable populations suffering from fragmented traditional care. However, integration can complicate EBP implementation due to overlapping organizational contexts, diminishing the public health impact...

UNLABELLED: Mental fatigue is known to influence endurance, skill, and tactical performance in sport. Research investigating the impact of mental fatigue on tasks that combine physical, cognitive, and aesthetic performance such as professional ballet does not exist. OBJECTIVE: To understand the perceptions and experiences of mental fatigue in professional ballet. DESIGN: Qualitative, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. SETTING: The Australian Ballet...

Introduction: Dancing en pointe requires ballet dancers to stand on the tips of their toes while wearing a structured pointe shoe. Understanding the effect of pointe shoes on ballet dancers' biomechanics, function, symptoms and skin health is essential to guide shoe development and ultimately improve dancer performance. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review was to map the evidence and identify knowledge gaps related to the effect of wearing pointe shoes on professional and recreational ballet dancers...

PURPOSE: To describe and categorize detailed components of databases in the Neurological and Mental Health Global Epidemiology Network (NeuroGEN). METHODS: An online 132-item questionnaire was sent to key researchers and data custodians of NeuroGEN in North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania. From the responses, we assessed data characteristics including population coverage, data follow-up, clinical information, validity of diagnoses, medication use and data latency...

A long-standing academic-practice partnership was leveraged to facilitate student learning opportunities pertaining to care provision for older adults living with multiple chronic conditions and complex medical problems. Students from a gerontological nursing course in an accelerated baccalaureate nursing program were partnered with gerontology-educated population health nurses in primary care settings. Students observed how population health nurses integrated the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Age-Friendly 4Ms framework into clinical practice as they performed behavioral, psychosocial, and biometric health risks assessments for older adults during their Medicare annual wellness visit...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: Care transitions from one setting to another are vulnerable spaces where patients are susceptible to complications. Health systems, accountable care organizations, and payers recognize that care transition interventions are necessary to reduce unnecessary cost and utilization and improve patient outcomes following a hospitalization. Multiple care transition models exist, with varying degrees of intensity and success. This article describes a quality improvement project for a care transition model that incorporates key elements from the American Case Management Association's Transitions of Care Standards and the Transitional Care Management services as outlined by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services...

BACKGROUND: Poor dietary intake is common in hospitalised older people. A targeted mealtime intervention is needed to improve nutrition care and dietary intake, especially for those at risk of malnutrition. OBJECTIVES: This quality improvement project designed, implemented and evaluated a mealtime assistance bundle consisting of care measures driven by the hospital nursing team. The aims were to improve the mealtime care process to promote dietary intake of the hospitalised older people and to improve nursing staff's knowledge, attitude and practice in malnutrition...

INTRODUCTION: de Quervain's syndrome is a painful condition commonly presented to hand therapists. Exercise is utilised as an intervention, but isometric exercise has not been investigated. We aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of isometric thumb extension exercise for de Quervain's syndrome and to explore differences between high-load and low-load isometric exercise. METHODS: This parallel-group randomised clinical feasibility trial included individuals with de Quervain's syndrome...

As cost-effective next-generation genome sequencing rapidly develops, calls for greater inclusion of Black people in genomic research, policy, and practice are necessary for effective translation of genomic science into precision population health and medicine. Employing a community-based participatory mixed methods research design, we developed a semi-structured survey that was disseminated to three cancer advocacy organizations. Of the 81 survey respondents 49 (60%) self-identified as Black, and 26 (32%) indicated a prior breast cancer diagnosis...

OBJECTIVES: One in two women experiencing pelvic floor (PF) symptoms stop playing sport or exercising. The study examines the perspective of women with PF symptoms to inform acceptable screening practices within sport and exercise settings. METHODS: Explanatory, sequential, mixed-methods design. Phase 1: survey of 18-65 years, symptomatic, Australian women (n=4556). Phase 2: semistructured interviews with a subset of survey participants (n=23). Integration occurred through connection of phases (study design, sampling) and joint display of data...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) assessing TENDINopathy Severity of the Achilles (TENDINS-Achilles) and evaluate its content validity. DESIGN: Mixed-methods, modified Delphi. METHODS: We performed 1 round of semistructured one-on-one interview responses with professionals and patients, for initial item generation. This was followed by 1 round of survey responses for professionals and a final round of semistructured one-on-one interviews with patients. The work culminated in a PROM to quantify Achilles tendinopathy severity under the core health domain of disability...

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical period for reinforcing healthy dietary behaviors and supporting the development of cooking skills. Social media may be an avenue for supporting these behaviors, as it is popular among adolescents and can improve access to nutrition education interventions. This study sought to understand the optimal implementation of effective social media-based nutrition education interventions to inform the implementation of future social media-based nutrition education interventions...

Sharing cancer gene variant and relevant clinical data could accelerate progress in cancer genomics. However, data sharing is currently impeded by issues related to financial sustainability, equity, incentives, privacy and security, and data quality. Evidence-based policy options to facilitate data sharing in these domains, and ultimately improve interpretation of cancer-associated genomic variants, are therefore needed. We conducted a modified policy Delphi with expert stakeholders that involved generating, evaluating, and ranking potential policy options to address these issues, with a focus on the US context...

INTRODUCTION: In-bed leg cycling with critically ill patients is a promising intervention aimed at minimising immobility, thus improving physical function following intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. We previously completed a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) which supported the feasibility of a large RCT. In this report, we describe the protocol for an international, multicentre RCT to determine the effectiveness of early in-bed cycling versus routine physiotherapy (PT) in critically ill, mechanically ventilated adults...