acute kidney injure

METHODS: Using the TriNetX database, burned patients diagnosed with essential hypertension after injury were compared to those who did not develop hypertension; neither had prior hypertension. Each cohort was grouped by sex, percent total body surface area (TBSA) burned, and age, then propensity-matched for sex, race, ethnicity, and lab values. Outcomes assessed were acute kidney injury (AKI), hyperglycemia, heart failure, myocardial infarction (MI), and death. RESULTS: Those diagnosed with hypertension following severe burn were 4...

AIMS: To identify whether and how a younger systemic internal milieu alleviates acute kidney injury (AKI) in grafts after kidney transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted an allogenic heterotopic rat kidney transplantation model with young and adult recipients receiving similar donor kidneys. We evaluated the renal function, histological damage, apoptosis, dedifferentiation, proliferation, hub regulating cytokines, and signaling pathways involved in young and adult recipients based on transcriptomics, proteomics, and experimental validation...

The transition of acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by intense inflammation and progressive fibrosis. Remimazolam is widely used for procedural sedation in intensive care units, such as AKI patients. Remimazolam has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and organ-protective properties. However, the role of remimazolam in inflammation and renal fibrosis following AKI remains unclear. Here, we explored the effects of remimazolam on the inflammatory response and kidney fibrogenesis of mice subjected to folic acid (FA) injury...

Background and Objectives : To date, the therapeutic potential of skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) for acute kidney injury (AKI) has only been evaluated by our research group. We aimed to compare MDSPCs with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and evaluate their feasibility for the treatment of AKI. Materials and Methods : Rats were randomly assigned to four study groups: control, GM (gentamicin) group, GM+MDSPCs, and GM+BM-MSCs. AKI was induced by gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day; i...

Since its discovery in 1978, cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens have served a pivotal role in human cancer treatment, saving millions of lives. However, its high risk still poses a significant challenge for cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), which occurs in 30% of cisplatin-treated patients. Unfortunately, no effective solution for preventing or managing this severe complication, which greatly impacts its clinical administration. Kidney is the main organ injured by cisplatin, and the injury is related to cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis and DNA injury...

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common cause of organ failure in patients after major trauma and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early identification of patients at risk enables the implementation of a bundle of supportive care, which reduces the incidence of AKI. The primary objective of our study was to investigate whether the levels of biomarkers on admission predicted the onset of early AKI in patients with serious injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective observational study included 98 adult patients of both sexes with a serious injury (injury severity score >16)...

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Interleukin (IL)-22 is unique among the ILs as it elicits direct effects on kidney epithelia and regulates cell survival in a context-dependent manner. Studies published in Kidney International and other journals demonstrate opposing roles of IL-22 (e.g., in models of acute kidney injury). In the early necroinflammation phase of acute kidney injury, IL-22 promotes tubular cell death, whereas it enhances the proliferation and regeneration of epithelial barrier function in the healing phase of injured tubules...

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is highly lethal, and effective drugs for treatment are scarce. Previously, we reported the robust therapeutic efficacy of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in sepsis. Here, we demonstrate the ability of FRC-derived exosomes (FRC-Exos) to improve C57BL/6 mouse kidney function following cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis. In vivo imaging confirmed that FRC-Exos homed to injured kidneys. RNA-Seq analysis of FRC-Exo-treated primary kidney tubular cells (PKTCs) revealed that FRC-Exos influenced PKTC fate in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...

OBJECTIVES: Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict endogenous active metabolites with protective effects in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS: We utilized metabolomics to screen differentially expressed metabolites in kidney tissues of mice with type 2 DKD and predicted potential targets using relevant databases. The interaction network between endogenous active metabolites and target proteins was established by integrating differentially expressed metabolites and proteins associated with DKD identified through proteomics...

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common renal disease with low survival rate and inadequate prognosis. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing the progression of RM-induced AKI in a mouse model. METHODS: AKI was induced in C57BL/6J mice via intramuscular injection of 7.5 mL/kg glycerol (n=30). Subsequently, serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining, were performed...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major risk factor for long-term adverse outcomes, including chronic kidney disease. In mouse models of AKI, maladaptive repair of the injured proximal tubule (PT) prevents complete tissue recovery. However, evidence for PT maladaptation and its etiological relationship with complications of AKI is lacking in humans. We performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing of 120,985 nuclei in kidneys from 17 participants with AKI and seven healthy controls from the Kidney Precision Medicine Project...

AIM: Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity limits its widespread use as an effective antibacterial agent. Oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic cell death are major participants in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. We therefore, investigated whether dihydromyricetin (DHM), the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoid, could protect against the nephrotoxic effects of gentamicin. METHODS: Male Wistar rats administrated gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day, i...

Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent disorder among hospitalized patients worldwide. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been shown to protect against ischemic AKI. However, the specific effects and mechanisms of AS-IV on alleviating kidney ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remain unclear. The objective of this research was to elucidate the regulatory targets and mechanisms through which AS-IV protects kidney I/R injury. A combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, pharmacodynamic study and Western blot were employed to explore the underlying mechanisms...

Earthquakes are natural disasters which can destroy the rural and urban infrastructure causing a high toll of injuries and death without advanced notice. We aim to review the prehospital medical management of earthquake crush injuries in the field. PubMed was searched using general terms including rhabdomyolysis, crush injury, and earthquake in English language without time restriction. Selected articles were critically evaluated by three experts in disaster medicine, emergency medicine, and critical care. The medical response to earthquakes includes: (1) search and rescue; (2) triage and initial stabilization; (3) definitive care; and (4) evacuation...

"Cytokine storm" is common in critically ill COVID-19 patients, however, mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein in diabetic db/db mice significantly increased tubular death and the release of HMGB1, one of the damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), to trigger M1 proinflammatory macrophage activation and production of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 via a Mincle-Syk/NF-κB-dependent mechanism. This was further confirmed in vitro that overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 N protein caused the release of HMGB1 from injured tubular cells under high AGE conditions, which resulted in M1 macrophage activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines via a Mincle-Syk/NF-κB-dependent mechanism...

Necroptosis, a pathway of regulated necrosis, involves recruitment and activation of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL, leading to cell membrane rupture, cell death and release of intracellular contents causing further injury and inflammation. Necroptosis is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the dynamics of necroptosis in kidney IRI is poorly understood, in part due to difficulties in detecting phosphorylated MLKL (pMLKL), the executioner of the necroptosis pathway...

BACKGROUND: Children are at increased risk of renal injuries from blunt trauma due to their anatomic constitution. The kidney is injured in 5-20% of pediatric patients with blunt abdominal trauma. During the last decades, the management of pediatric renal injuries has evolved toward non-operative management (NOM) unless the patient is hemodynamically compromised. The aim of the present study was to assess contemporary treatment strategies and evaluate outcomes in pediatric patients with renal injuries admitted to a major Scandinavian trauma center...

The precise mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular complications due to acute kidney injury (AKI) and the retention of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) remain incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the renocardiac effects of PCS administration in animals subjected to AKI induced by ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. C57BL6 mice were subjected to distinct protocols: (i) administration with PCS (20, 40, or 60 mg/L/day) for 15 days and (ii) AKI due to unilateral IR injury associated with PCS administration for 15 days...

Sepsis is the primary cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is associated with high mortality rates. Growing evidence suggests that noncoding RNAs are vitally involved in kidney illnesses, whereas the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in sepsis-induced AKI (SAKI) remains largely unknown. In this present study, caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice was performed to establish an SAKI model. The expression of circRNAs and mRNAs was analysed using circRNA microarray or next-generation sequencing. The results revealed that the expressions of 197 circRNAs and 2509 mRNAs were dysregulated...