selenium cardiac surgery

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative complications pose significant challenges in cardiac surgery and with the evolution of selenium as a potential anti-inflammatory agent, some studies reported its inefficiency. Thus, we conducted our meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of selenium supplementation on cardiac surgery patients. METHODS: Different databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception till January 2024 were searched identifying a total of seven randomized-controlled trials involving selenium supplementation after cardiac surgery...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between serum selenium (Se) and acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery (CSA-AKI) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association of preoperative Se level with incident CSA-AKI. METHOD AND RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent cardiac surgery. The primary outcome was incident CSA-AKI. Multivariable logistic regression models and natural cubic splines were used to estimate the association of Se levels and primary outcome...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) challenged current beliefs about the potential role of micronutrients to attenuate the inflammatory response and improve clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview and critical discussion about most recent clinical trials, which evaluated the clinical significance of a vitamin C, vitamin D, or selenium administration in critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS: None of the most recent large-scale RCTs could demonstrate any clinical benefits for a micronutrient administration in ICU patients, whereas a recent RCT indicated harmful effects, if high dose vitamin C was administered in septic patients...

BACKGROUND: Recent data from the randomized SUSTAIN CSX trial could not confirm clinical benefits from perioperative selenium treatment in high-risk cardiac surgery patients. Underlying reasons may involve inadequate biosynthesis of glutathione peroxidase (GPx3), which is a key mediator of selenium's antioxidant effects. This secondary analysis aimed to identify patients with an increase in GPx3 activity following selenium treatment. We hypothesize that these responders might benefit from perioperative selenium treatment...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgeries are known to induce an inflammatory response. Besides, dietary factors such as trace elements contribute to promoting cardiovascular health by maintaining oxidative balance. Here we systematically review the literature about alterations in serum concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and selenium (Se) in response to cardiac surgeries. METHODS: A systematic search was performed on databases until the end of December 2022. Studies assessing the changes of mentioned elements in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery were included...

INTRODUCTION: The oxidative damage suffered in cardiac surgery is associated with declining trace elements which lead to the development of multi organ dysfunction (MOD), acute kidney injury (AKI), or increased length of hospital stay (LOS). Recent evidence shows the cardioprotective role of the trace element selenium as it mitigates worsening outcomes post cardiac surgery. Hence, this meta analysis aims to investigate the role of selenium in lowering cardiac surgery related adverse outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Acquired calcified aortic valve stenosis is the most common valve disease in adulthood. In the etiopathogenesis of this complex pathology, the importance of inflammation is mentioned, in which non-infectious influences represented by the biological effects of metal pollutants may participate. The main goal of the study was to determine the concentration of 21 metals and trace elements-aluminium (Al), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), gold (Au), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), sulfur (S), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn)-in the tissue of calcified aortic valves and to compare them with the concentrations of the same elements in the tissue of healthy aortic valves in the control group...

IMPORTANCE: Selenium contributes to antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory pathways, which may improve outcomes in patients at high risk of organ dysfunctions after cardiac surgery. OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of high-dose intravenous sodium selenite treatment to reduce postoperative organ dysfunction and mortality in cardiac surgery patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial took place at 23 sites in Germany and Canada from January 2015 to January 2021...

OBJECTIVES: Trace elements selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) have been known to be essential in the human body and the correlation between Se and cardiac surgery has been suggested. The present study was designed to investigate the plasma concentration of Se and Co during and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: From December 2019 to January 2020, preoperative plasma samples from isolated first-time CABG patients (N=20; 10 males and 10 females) were prospectively collected at five points: after anesthesia and before CPB (T1), 45 min after CPB started (T2), 90 min after CPB started (T3), postoperative day1 (T4), and day 4 (T5), respectively...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Trace elements are vital components involved in major body functions. Cases of trace elements deficiencies are increasingly encountered in clinical practice, although often underrecognized. This review gives a thorough insight into the newest findings on clinical situations associated with trace elements deficiencies in children and adults, their recognition and management. RECENT FINDINGS: Trace elements deficiencies are frequently found in various conditions, most commonly in burns, bariatric surgery, intestinal failure, renal replacement therapy, oncology, critical illness and cardiac surgery...

Selenium-binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) is an intracellular protein that has been detected in the circulation in response to myocardial infarction. Hypoxia and cardiac surgery affect selenoprotein expression and selenium (Se) status. For this reason, we decided to analyze circulating SELENBP1 concentrations in patients ( n = 75) necessitating cardioplegia and a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during the course of the cardiac surgery. Serum samples were collected at seven time-points spanning the full surgical process...

Noncompliance with vitamin and mineral supplement protocol after bariatric surgery may lead to true-elements deficiency. Among them, zinc and selenium deficiencies were closely related to cardiac complications, such as myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and arrhythmias. We describe a 30-year-old female, 6 weeks after delivery and 5 years after bariatric surgery, who was admitted to the cardiology department because of dyspnea and clinical evidence of heart failure, as well as an echocardiogram that demonstrated reduced systolic left ventricular function...

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays a pivotal role in many of the body's regulatory and metabolic functions, especially during times of stress. After uptake, Se is incorporated into several Se-dependent proteins, which have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities. Several observational clinical studies have demonstrated that Se deficiency can cause chronic cardiovascular diseases and aggravate organ dysfunction after cardiac surgery and that low levels of Se may be independently associated with the development of organ dysfunction after cardiac surgery...

The present work describes a method to quantify the level of oxidative stress in infantile cardiac surgery. Fifteen patients, 6 girls and 9 boys, aged between 3 months and 16 years were divided into three groups. The first group sought to quantify the oxidative stress from differing concentrations of selenium. The second group used malondialdehyde as an indicator of oxidative stress. Finally, the third group quantified oxidative stress by normalizing the selenium concentration via malondialdehyde. Blood aliquots of 1...

Trace elements are essential micronutrients for the human body. In this study, we evaluated the alterations in copper, chromium, manganese, selenium, magnesium, zinc, iron, arsenic, boron, and silicon levels in children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Participants were divided into the following three groups: patients acyanotic CHDs (n=34), patients with cyanotic CHDs (n=30), and healthy controls (n=30). Blood samples were collected before the surgery and 1 hour after the sternum was closed...

BACKGROUND: In spite of significant improvements in surgical and anesthetic techniques, acute stress response to surgery remains a main cause of mortality and morbidity in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients. Therefore, doing research to find safe and effective modalities with more cardio protective properties seems necessary. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we sought to determine whether intravenous injection of 600 μg Selenium (Se) prior to surgery would limit stress response measured by blood sugar...

This report describes a case of selenium-deficient cardiomyopathy secondary to bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery). A 40 year-old woman presented with bilateral leg oedema nine months after the surgical procedure. Timely diagnosis of selenium-deficient cardiomyopathy was due to the recognition of symptoms of heart failure, increased NT pro-BNP level, detection of myocardial diastolic dysfunction and impaired left ventricular global longitudinal strain by echocardiography, and early identification of selenium deficiency...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cardiac surgery is accompanied by oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response, which may be associated with organ dysfunction and increased mortality. Selenium and selenoenzymes are important constituents of anti-oxidative defense. We hypothesized that high-dose sodium selenite supplementation can attenuate the postoperative inflammation and might, therefore, improve clinical outcome. METHODS: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, bi-center study on 411 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery...

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers an inflammatory reaction, leading to the development of myocardial damage and dysfunction. It is suggested that selenium (Se), an essential trace element, has a protective role against oxidative stress. Decreased intraoperative Se levels might be an independent predictive factor for postoperative multiorgan failure. In spite of its proposed advantages, however, the optimal timing and dosage are not well known...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequent complication of cardiac surgery. Oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant function have major roles in its development. Selenium is a key to normal antioxidant function, and levels are often low before cardiac surgery. This study investigated whether low preoperative selenium levels were associated with POAF in cardiac surgical patients. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Mortality risk score, 50 patients having primary coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) surgery were divided into two groups: (i) low-risk group (STS ⩽0...