keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547398/hypervirulent-klebsiella-pneumoniae-employs-genomic-island-encoded-toxins-against-bacterial-competitors-in-the-gut
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Han Tan, Patricio Arros, Camilo Berríos-Pastén, Indrik Wijaya, Wilson H W Chu, Yahua Chen, Guoxiang Cheam, Ahmad Nazri Mohamed Naim, Andrés E Marcoleta, Aarthi Ravikrishnan, Niranjan Nagarajan, Rosalba Lagos, Yunn-Hwen Gan
The hypervirulent lineages of Klebsiella pneumoniae (HvKp) cause invasive infections such as Klebsiella-liver abscess. Invasive infection often occurs after initial colonisation of the host gastrointestinal tract by HvKp. Over 80% of HvKp isolates belong to the clonal group 23 sublineage I that has acquired genomic islands GIE492 and ICEKp10. Our analysis of 12,361 K. pneumoniae genomes revealed that genomic islands GIE492 and ICEKp10 are co-associated with the CG23-I and CG10118 HvKp lineages. GIE492 and ICEKp10 enable HvKp to make a functional bacteriocin microcin E492 (mccE492) and the genotoxin colibactin respectively...
March 28, 2024: ISME Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547066/a-wireless-implantable-bioelectronic-system-for-monitoring-urinary-bladder-function-following-surgical-recovery
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jihye Kim, Matthew I Bury, Kyeongha Kwon, Jae-Young Yoo, Nadia V Halstead, Hee-Sup Shin, Shupeng Li, Sang Min Won, Min-Ho Seo, Yunyun Wu, Do Yun Park, Mitali Kini, Jean Won Kwak, Surabhi R Madhvapathy, Joanna L Ciatti, Jae Hee Lee, Suyeon Kim, Hanjun Ryu, Kento Yamagishi, Hong-Joon Yoon, Sung Soo Kwak, Bosung Kim, Yonggang Huang, Lisa C Halliday, Earl Y Cheng, Guillermo A Ameer, Arun K Sharma, John A Rogers
Partial cystectomy procedures for urinary bladder-related dysfunction involve long recovery periods, during which urodynamic studies (UDS) intermittently assess lower urinary tract function. However, UDS are not patient-friendly, they exhibit user-to-user variability, and they amount to snapshots in time, limiting the ability to collect continuous, longitudinal data. These procedures also pose the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections, which can progress to ascending pyelonephritis due to prolonged lower tract manipulation in high-risk patients...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546875/-congenital-pulmonary-malformations-diagnosis-and-treatment
#3
REVIEW
M Dohna, W F Hirsch, J Dingemann, D Gräfe
PERFORMANCE: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) are rare and can be associated with high morbidity. Clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, imaging, and therapy of CPM are discussed. ACHIEVEMENTS: Today, most CPM can be diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound. Postnatally, respiratory symptoms up to respiratory failure and recurrent lower respiratory tract infection are typical findings. Due to low diagnostic accuracy of chest x‑ray in CPM, all children with prenatal diagnosis of CPM or postnatally suspected CPM should undergo cross-sectional imaging...
March 28, 2024: Radiologie (Heidelb)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546855/challenges-for-a-broad-international-implementation-of-the-current-severe-community-acquired-pneumonia-guidelines
#4
REVIEW
Jorge I F Salluh, Pedro Póvoa, Abi Beane, Andre Kalil, Cornelius Sendagire, Daniel A Sweeney, David Pilcher, Eva Polverino, Evelina Tacconelli, Elisa Estenssoro, Jean-Pierre Frat, Julio Ramirez, Luis Felipe Reyes, Oriol Roca, Saad Nseir, Vandack Nobre, Thiago Lisboa, Ignacio Martin-Loeches
Severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remains one of the leading causes of admission to the intensive care unit, thus consuming a large share of resources and is associated with high mortality rates worldwide. The evidence generated by clinical studies in the last decade was translated into recommendations according to the first published guidelines focusing on severe community-acquired pneumonia. Despite the advances proposed by the present guidelines, several challenges preclude the prompt implementation of these diagnostic and therapeutic measures...
March 28, 2024: Intensive Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546483/outcomes-of-ercp-in-patients-with-cystic-fibrosis-a-nationwide-inpatient-assessment
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salman Haider, Daryl Ramai, Saira Shah, Nayna D Riyat, Marco Spadaccini, Saurabh Chandan, Marcello Maida, Asad Ur Rehman, Monique T Barakat
BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder that leads to abnormal transport of chloride and sodium across secretory epithelia resulting in thickened, viscous secretions in the bronchi, biliary tract, pancreas, intestine, and the reproductive system. Defects in the biliary tract can predispose to stone formation requiring endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, there is a paucity of data assessing ERCP outcomes in patients with CF. METHODS: We identified patients from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)-National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between the years 2016 and 2020...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546212/unravelling-influenza-correlates-of-protection-lessons-from-human-a-h1n1-challenge
#6
COMMENT
Rebecca Jane Cox, Rishi Pathirana
Mucosal immunity is important in protecting from upper respiratory tract influenza infection. Human challenge provides a unique model to define correlates of protection with baseline immune responses being correlated to the quantity and length of viral shedding and clinical outcomes. Here, we discuss recent work on mucosal and systemic correlates of protection (R. Bean, L. T. Giurgea, A. Han, L. Czajkowski, et al., mBio 15:e02372-23, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02372-23) and place it in the context of previous work on mucosal immunity...
March 28, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545796/microbial-composition-and-diversity-in-intraradicular-biofilm-formed-in-situ-new-concepts-based-on-next-generation-sequencing
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felipe Barros Matoso, Francisco Montagner, Fabiana Soares Grecca, Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto, Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper
This study aimed to characterize the taxonomic composition of intraradicular multispecies biofilms (IMB) formed in situ in a model to reproduce clinical conditions. Twelve palatal roots of maxillary molars had its canals prepared. Two roots were randomly selected to sterility control. Ten intraoral prosthetic appliances with lateral slots were fabricated. The roots were positioned in the slots with the canal access open to the oral cavity. Eight volunteers wore the appliance for 21 days, and two wore it at two different time points...
March 28, 2024: Molecular Oral Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545781/evolocumab-treatment-in-pediatric-patients-with-homozygous-familial-hypercholesterolemia-pooled-data-from-three-open-label-studies
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frederick J Raal, Robert A Hegele, Andrea Ruzza, J Antonio G López, Ajay K Bhatia, Johnny Wu, Huei Wang, Daniel Gaudet, Albert Wiegman, Jian Wang, Raul D Santos
BACKGROUND: Pediatric patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and difficulty meeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. In this post hoc analysis, we evaluated pooled safety and efficacy data from 3 studies in pediatric patients with HoFH treated with the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) monoclonal antibody inhibitor evolocumab. METHODS: Patients with HoFH aged 10 to 17 years received treatment with open-label evolocumab 420 mg subcutaneously monthly or biweekly in the TAUSSIG, RAMAN, or HAUSER-OLE clinical studies...
March 28, 2024: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545354/cough-induced-rib-fractures-a-comprehensive-analysis-of-90-patients-in-a-single-center
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehmet Oğuzhan Özyurtkan, Zeliha Arslan Ulukan, Uğur Temel
BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate clinical and radiological characteristics of the patients with cough-induced rib fractures. METHODS: Between January 2008 and December 2022, a total of 90 patients (35 males, 55 females; mean age: 58±20 years; range, 20 to 92 years) who had cough-induced rib fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Patients' characteristics, findings of physical and radiological examination, and patients' outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Of the patients, 64% were postmenopausal, 37% had metabolic disease of the bone, and 21% had chronic cough...
January 2024: Türk Göğüs Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Dergisi
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545170/evaluation-of-the-use-versus-nonuse-of-urinary-catheterization-during-laparoscopic-adnexal-surgery-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujian Jia, Huisheng Ge, Liling Xiong, Lulu Wang, Jieru Peng, Ying Liu, Jie Yu, Jianmei Liao, Hui Wang, Xiaoqin Gan, Yonghong Lin
We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility and safety of performing gynecological single-port transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted adnexal surgery without urethral catheterization in a day surgery setting. A total of 153 patients with adnexal disease were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT). All subjects performed single-port transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted adnexal surgery between March 2021 and July 2022 in a day surgery center. After completion of the baseline survey, participants were randomized into one of three groups...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545110/case-report-long-term-follow-up-of-patients-who-received-a-fimch-vaccine-for-prevention-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infections-caused-by-antibiotic-resistant-enterobacteriaceae-a-case-report-series
#11
Elise Perer, Helen Stacey, Terri Eichorn, Heidi Hughey, Julie Lawrence, Eric Cunningham, Mark O'Neil Johnson, Kevin Bacon, Andrew Kau, Scott J Hultgren, Thomas M Hooton, Jennifer L Harris
Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are considered one of the most urgent health threats to humans according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and the World Health Organization (WHO). A FimCH Vaccine expanded access study is being conducted in patients with a history of antibiotic resistant UTIs who are considered to be at risk for development of CRE UTI. This case series describes the clinical, safety and immunogenicity findings for four participants who received a FimCH four-vaccine series...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544652/the-blood-donor-deferral-rate-and-the-reasons-for-deferral-at-a-tertiary-care-teaching-institute-in-northeastern-malaysia
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhamad Aidil Zahidin, Nur Ilyia Syazwani Saidin, Nur Asni Ibrahim, Nik Nurul Atikah Mohd Nasir, Nurul Izzah Abdul Razak, Marini Ramli, Mohd Nazri Hassan, Noor Haslina Mohd Noor
A deferral takes place when donors fail to meet the eligibility criteria for donating blood during their visit to a blood collection site. Deferral periods, which can be either permanent or temporary, are implemented to protect the well-being of both the donor and the recipient. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of deferrals and the various factors contributing to them. A retrospective analysis was conducted at the Transfusion Medicine Unit of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), utilizing data obtained from blood donors during the period from January 2022 to June 2023...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544627/unusual-presentation-of-corynebacterium-endocarditis-in-a-patient-without-conventional-risk-factors-a-case-report
#13
Abbas Mohammadi, Dima Youssef, Ashkan Mohammadi
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a widespread condition marked by the infection of native or prosthetic heart valves, the endocardial surface, or an indwelling cardiac device. While native-valve IE is uncommon, patients with IE represent a diverse spectrum. Some respond well to treatment with few complications, while others face severe complications and an increased risk of mortality. Various factors contribute to this outcome, including delayed diagnosis, underlying health conditions like immunocompromised status or chronic diseases, and intravenous drug use...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544616/unveiling-ureaplasma-a-case-report-of-a-rare-culprit-in-pyelonephritis
#14
Manish Shrestha, Devi Parvathy Jyothi Ramachandran Nair, Shefali Amin, Arpan Pokhrel, Salina Munankami
Ureaplasma species, typically considered commensal organisms of the human urogenital tract, have been implicated in various urinary tract infections (UTIs), including the rare and challenging presentation of pyelonephritis. This case report describes a unique instance of pyelonephritis induced by Ureaplasma , characterized by a negative routine urine culture and a lack of response to empirical antibiotic treatment, highlighting the complexities associated with diagnosing and managing infections caused by atypical pathogens...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544611/evaluating-transperineal-prostate-biopsies-performed-by-a-new-operator-a-prospective-clinical-audit-at-dorset-county-hospital
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Arshad Irshad Khalil, Naveed Afzal, Muhammad S Bajwa
Introduction The transperineal (TP) approach for prostate biopsy offers advantages such as a low risk of infection, the ability to target lesions in difficult locations, and a rapid acquisition of proficiency. This prospective clinical audit aims to evaluate the outcomes and patient experiences of TP prostate biopsies performed by a new operator to determine the feasibility of adopting the TP biopsy as the primary method for prostate evaluations. Methods The study included all patients who underwent a TP prostate biopsy from August 1 to September 30, 2022, at Dorset County Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544454/estimating-asymptomatic-and-symptomatic-transmission-of-the-covid-19-first-few-cases-in-selenge-province-mongolia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davaalkham Dambadarjaa, Tsogt Mend, Andrew Shapiro, Mark S Handcock, Undram Mandakh, Temuulen Enebish, Linh-Vi Le, Dj Darwin R Bandoy, Ambaselmaa Amarjargal, Bilegt Altangerel, Tuvshintur Chuluunbaatar, Uugantsetseg Guruuchin, Oyuntulkhuur Lkhagvajav, Oyunsuren Enebish
BACKGROUND: Following the first locally transmitted case in Sukhbaatar soum, Selenge Province, we aimed to investigate the ultimate scale of the epidemic in the scenario of uninterrupted transmission. METHODS: This was a prospective case study following the locally modified WHO FFX cases generic protocol. A rapid response team collected data from November 14 to 29, 2020. We created a stochastic process to draw many transmission chains from this greater distribution to better understand and make inferences regarding the outbreak under investigation...
April 2024: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543963/risk-factors-for-covid-19-and-respiratory-tract-infections-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurynas Mockeliunas, Rob C van Wijk, Caryn M Upton, Jonathan Peter, Andreas H Diacon, Ulrika S H Simonsson
(1) Background: Some individuals are more susceptible to developing respiratory tract infections (RTIs) or coronavirus disease (COVID-19) than others. The aim of this work was to identify risk factors for symptomatic RTIs including COVID-19 and symptomatic COVID-19 during the coronavirus pandemic by using infection incidence, participant baseline, and regional COVID-19 burden data. (2) Methods: Data from a prospective study of 1000 frontline healthcare workers randomized to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination or placebo, and followed for one year, was analyzed...
March 19, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543794/impact-of-nonpharmaceutical-interventions-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-the-prevalence-of-respiratory-syncytial-virus-in-hospitalized-children-with-lower-respiratory-tract-infections-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#18
REVIEW
José J Leija-Martínez, Luis A Esparza-Miranda, Gerardo Rivera-Alfaro, Daniel E Noyola
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented in order to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, potentially affecting the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This review evaluated the impact of NPIs on RSV-related hospitalizations in children during the lockdown (2020-2021) compared to the pre-pandemic (2015-2020) and post-lockdown (2021-2022) periods. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published in English between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2022...
March 11, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543769/changes-in-prevalence-and-seasonality-of-pathogens-identified-in-acute-respiratory-tract-infections-in-hospitalised-individuals-in-rural-and-urban-settings-in-south-africa-2018-2022
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michaela Davids, Siobhan Johnstone, Adriano Mendes, Gadean Brecht, Theunis Avenant, Nicolette du Plessis, Maryke de Villiers, Nicola Page, Marietjie Venter
Severe acute respiratory tract infections (SARIs) has been well described in South Africa with seasonal patterns described for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), while others occur year-round (rhinovirus and adenovirus). This prospective syndromic hospital-based surveillance study describes the prevalence and impact of public interventions on the seasonality of other respiratory pathogens during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. This occurred from August 2018 to April 2022, with 2595 patients who met the SARS case definition and 442 controls, from three sentinel urban and rural hospital sites in South Africa...
March 5, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543708/intra-host-evolution-analyses-in-an-immunosuppressed-patient-supports-sars-cov-2-viral-reservoir-hypothesis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dominique Fournelle, Fatima Mostefai, Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham, Raphaël Poujol, Jean-Christophe Grenier, José Héctor Gálvez, Amélie Pagliuzza, Inès Levade, Sandrine Moreira, Mehdi Benlarbi, Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières, Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage, Catherine Bourassa, Alexandra Tauzin, Simon Grandjean Lapierre, Nicolas Chomont, Andrés Finzi, Daniel E Kaufmann, Morgan Craig, Julie G Hussin
Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several variants of concern (VOCs) have been identified, many of which share recurrent mutations in the spike glycoprotein's receptor-binding domain (RBD). This region coincides with known epitopes and can therefore have an impact on immune escape. Protracted infections in immunosuppressed patients have been hypothesized to lead to an enrichment of such mutations and therefore drive evolution towards VOCs. Here, we present the case of an immunosuppressed patient that developed distinct populations with immune escape mutations throughout the course of their infection...
February 23, 2024: Viruses
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