acetaminophen

BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure (ALF) following yellow phosphorous (YP) ingestion is similar to acetaminophen-induced ALF and it has become a public concern in our region. This study assessed low volume therapeutic plasma exchange (LV-TPE) efficacy in improving the transplant free survival in YP poisoning. METHODS: Adult patients with toxicology reports of YP and ALF requiring critical care were included in the study. LV-TPE was planned for three consecutive days and three more if required...

A 60-year-old female with a past medical history of hypertension presents to the ED with one day of throbbing left knee pain with associated numbness that worsened with ambulation. EKG shows lateral T-wave inversions with no prior for comparison. The patient had bloodwork drawn and a chest x-ray ordered. Her pain was improving with acetaminophen, and during further workup, she went into cardiac arrest. The advanced cardiac life support protocol was initiated, the patient was intubated, and point-of-care ultrasound revealed pericardial effusion...

In recent times, there has been considerable interest in utilizing aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) containing natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) for the extraction of various substances. In this study, we focused on investigating the phase behavior of ABSs composed of poly(propylene) glycol 400 and NADESs (specifically, choline chloride/sucrose with molar ratios of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1). By analyzing the compositions of tie-lines, it was observed that these ABSs, which consist of four components, exhibit characteristics similar to ternary systems...

BACKGROUND: Paracetamol is one of the most popular drugs; it is used daily by many people especially the elderly, without a limitation on the length of the period allowed for continuous use. Harms from long-term use are less clear, particularly in extrahepatic regions. AIM: This study aimed to investigate whether using paracetamol at a non-observable adverse effect level dose, known not to cause toxic effects, for a long period can induce toxicity in aged male albino rats...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to ascertain guideline-recommended pharmaceutical approaches to lumbosacral radicular symptoms, assess the quality of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool, and qualitatively synthesize the guideline recommendations. LITERATURE SURVEY: Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro)...

OBJECTIVES: The current study was conducted to assess the protective mechanisms of n- BuOH fraction from the aerial part of Genista cephontala (BEGC) on APAP-induced liver injury compared to necrostatine-1 (Nec-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A model of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was created in male rats by injecting a single dose; 1000 mg/kg APAP, the protective effect was performed with (200 mg/kg; 10 days) BEGC compared to Nec-1, (1.8 mg/kg). RESULTS: BEGC or NeC-1 pretreatment significantly abolished impaired effects in APAP-rats, by decreasing the generation of TBARS and ROS in mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions and maintaining liver function activities...

PURPOSE: Acetaminophen is the most common drug used to treat acute pain in the pediatric population, given its wide safety margin, low cost, and multiple routes for administration. We sought to determine the most efficacious route of acetaminophen administration for postoperative acute pain relief in the pediatric surgical population. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included children aged between 30 days and 17 yr who underwent any type of surgical procedure and that evaluated the analgesic efficacy of different routes of administration of acetaminophen for the treatment of postoperative pain...

Anaerobic digestion in two sequential phases, acidogenesis and methanogenesis, has been shown to be beneficial for enhancing the biomethane generation from wastewater. In this work, the application of glycerol (GOH) as a fermentation co-substrate during the wastewater treatment was evaluated on the biodegradation of different pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). GOH co-digestion during acidogenesis led to a significant increase in the biodegradation of acetaminophen (from 78 to 89%), ciprofloxacin (from 25 to 46%), naproxen (from 73 to 86%), diclofenac (from 36 to 48%), ibuprofen (from 65 to 88%), metoprolol (from 45 to 59%), methylparaben (from 64 to 78%) and propylparaben (from 68 to 74%)...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most frequently used drugs that can cause liver toxicity. The aim of this study was to integrate bioanalytical and population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) assay to rapidly screen and quantify the concentrations of NSAIDs in plasma and monitor clinical safety. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of acetaminophen (APAP), flurbiprofen (FLB), aspirin (ASP), and ibuprofen (IBP), four commonly used NSAIDs...

Personalized medicine aims to effectively and efficiently provide customized drugs that cater to diverse populations, which is a significant yet challenging task. Recently, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has transformed the medical field, and was expected to facilitate the efficient design and development of customized drugs through the synergy of their respective advantages. In this study, we present an innovative method that combines AI and 3D printing technology to design and fabricate customized capsules...

It has been a challenge to prepared polyether block amide (PEBA) fibrous membrane via solution electrospinning. The only few reported methods though involved hazardous solvents and surfactants which were against the principle of green chemistry. In this work, uniform fibrous membrane of PEBA was successfully fabricated by solution electrospinning with a bio-based solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene). To further improve the mechanical strength and adsorption performance of the PEBA membrane, a hierarchical magnesium hydrogen phosphate (MgHPO4 ·1...

The experience of itch often poses a burden on patient quality of life and has the capacity to inflict significant suffering. Topical therapies are a mainstay of treatment for many cutaneous and systemic diseases and afford patients the opportunity to manage their conditions without many of the systemic side effects of non-topical therapies. We review a multitude of new topical medications targeting the skin, immune system, and neural receptors. The list includes Janus kinase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, transient receptor vanilloid inhibitors, topical cannabinoids, and topical acetaminophen...

Fifty percent of all acute liver failure (ALF) cases in the United States are due to acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. Assessment of canonical features of liver injury, such as plasma alanine aminotransferase activities are poor predictors of acute liver failure (ALF), suggesting the involvement of additional mechanisms independent of hepatocyte death. Previous work demonstrated a severe overdose of APAP results in impaired regeneration, the induction of senescence by p21, and increased mortality. We hypothesized that a discrete population of p21+ hepatocytes acquired a secretory phenotype that directly impedes liver recovery after a severe APAP overdose...

Baicalin (BG), a natural product, has been used in the prevention and treatment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI); however, its poor solubility and extensive liver metabolism limit its pharmacological use. The aim of the present study was the formulation of fast-dissolving freeze-dried sublingual tablets (FFSTs) to increase BG dissolution, avoid first-pass metabolism, and overcome swallowing difficulties. FFSTs were prepared following a 23 factorial design. The effect of three independent variables namely matrix former, Maltodextrin, concentration (4%, and 6%), binder concentration (2%, and 3%), and binder type (Methocel E5, and Methocel E15) on the FFSTs' in-vitro disintegration time and percentage dissolution was studied along with other tablet characteristics...

Fever is a serious condition that can lead to various consequences ranging from prolonged illness to death. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg ( T. hemsleyanum ) has been used for centuries to treat fever, but the specific chemicals responsible for its antipyretic effects are not well understood. This study aimed to isolate and identify the chemicals with antipyretic bioactivity in T. hemsleyanum extracts and to provide an explanation for the use of T. hemsleyanum as a Chinese herbal medicine for fever treatment...

Background/Objectives: Managing postoperative pain in patients with obesity is challenging. Although using a combination of pain relief methods is recommended for these patients, the true effectiveness of various intravenous non-opioid analgesics and adjuvants in multimodal anesthesia needs to be better defined. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, ketamine, α-2 agonists, lidocaine, magnesium, and oral gabapentinoids in adult surgical patients with obesity...

Early identification of children with neurodevelopmental abnormality is a major challenge, which is crucial for improving symptoms and preventing further decline in children with neurodevelopmental abnormality. This study focuses on developing a predictive model with maternal sociodemographic, behavioral, and medication-usage information during pregnancy to identify infants with abnormal neurodevelopment before the age of one. In addition, an interpretable machine-learning approach was utilized to assess the importance of the variables in the model...

BACKGROUND: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) often induces significant postoperative pain, potentially leading to chronic pain and decreased quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the acetaminophen/ibuprofen combination effectiveness in reducing analgesic requirements and pain intensity in patients undergoing VATS. STUDY DESIGN: This is a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Adult patients scheduled for elective VATS for lung resection were randomized to receive either intravenous acetaminophen and ibuprofen (intervention group) or 100 mL normal saline (control group)...

Pharmaceuticals are progressively employed in both human and veterinary medicine and increasingly recognized as environmental contaminants. This study investigated the occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants of 12 hospitals in Hanoi and 3 northern cities of Vietnam during dry and rainy seasons. In addition, environmental risk of pharmaceuticals in both hospital influents and effluents were evaluated based on risk quotients (RQs). Nine selected pharmaceutical compounds including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU), acetaminophen (ACT), carbamazepine (CBM), iopromide (IOP), atenolol (ATN), and caffeine (CAF) were frequently detected in most influent and effluent wastewaters of 12 investigated hospitals...

BACKGROUND: Although acetaminophen is widely used in women during pregnancy, its safety has not been clearly stated. The study aimed to investigate the association between acetaminophen use and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women in China. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study by collecting data on pregnant women who delivered in the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 2018 to September 2023. An acetaminophen use group and a control group were formed based on prenatal exposure to acetaminophen...