Type1 diabetes

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients are at an increased risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical criteria associated with the diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) among T1DM Egyptian children and adolescents. METHODS: 74 T1DM patients aged 8-18 year were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Assessments of Clinical status, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and liver enzymes were done...

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To find the risk factors of microalbuminuria and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: One hundred ten patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus in this cross-sectional study at diabetic and endocrinology center in Al-Najaf during the period from September 2021 to March 2022. All patients were asked about sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, smoking, duration of DM type1, family history of DM type1), measured (body mass index BMI, blood pressure) and laboratory investigations done to all patients (G...

T2DM (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) is considered a disease that affects old age group. Recently, it has become common in children, adolescents and adults. Aim of the work - to highlight the challenges in differentiating T1DM (type1 diabetes mellitus) from T2DM (type2 diabetes mellitus) in early onset diabetes in youth depending on clinical and laboratory characteristics. Our cross-sectional study was performed on 200 newly diagnosed diabetic patients aged (18-30) years. All patients were subjected to detailed medical history and full clinical examination...

We describe the unique case of a patient in whom two ciliopathies with autosomal recessive transmission were clinically and molecularly diagnosed: Nephronophthisis type1 (NPHP1) and Alström Syndrome (AS). NPHP1 is one of the main genetic causes of terminal kidney failure in childhood. AS is an ultra-rare multi-systemic disease, characterized by progressive kidney disease, hepatic failure, dystrophy of the rods and cones to blindness, slowly progressive neuro-sensory deafness, dilated cardiomyopathy, obesity, insulin resistance / type 2 diabetes mellitus...

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the predictive ability of plasma connecting peptide (C-peptide) levels in discriminating type 1 diabetes (T1D) from type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to inform evidence-based guidelines in diabetes classification. METHODS: We conducted a holistic review and meta-analysis using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus. The citations were screened from 1942 to 2021. The quality criteria and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis checklist were applied...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and relative risk of diabetes in the population with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out using the Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP) of the Ministry of Health. Relative risks (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for type1 (T1D) and type2 (T2D) diabetes. RESULTS: In the group of 2,596,041 hypothyroid patients, we found an OR of 1...

Islet β-cell biomarkers can reflect changes in the number and function of islet β-cells in the prediabetes or early diabetes stage. CD34 is a commonly used stem cell biomarker; however, its expression and function in pancreatic islets remain unclear. In the present study, double immunofluorescence staining, proteomic bioinformatics analysis, and correlation analysis were used to explore the potential of CD34 as an islet β-cell biomarker. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence of CD34 was conserved among multiple species and abundantly expressed on mouse and human pancreatic tissues...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To compare Saudi Arabia with other countries regarding patient attitudes towards fasting Ramadan and complications related to fasting during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Data collected from Saudi Arabia and 12 other mostly Muslim majority countries, via physician administered questionnaire within post Ramadan 2020. RESULTS: 1485 Type1 diabetes (T1DM) patients analyzed; 705 (47.5%) from Saudi Arabia vs. 780 (52.5%) from other countries...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune illness defined as insulin insufficiency resulting from the autoimmune breakdown of pancreatic beta cells producing insulin in the islets of Langerhans. Biomarkers are markers of physiological or pathological processes that are normal or abnormal, playing a crucial function in clinical evaluation, prognosis, and therapy response monitoring. This study aimed to investigate some biomarkers associated with T1D and examine the association between glutamic acid carboxylase (GADA) antibody and islet antigen-2 autoantibody (IA-2A) for β-cell stress and death in patients with T1D...

PURPOSE: There are conflicting reports regarding the abundance of short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria in the gut microbiota in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine the amount of Akkermansia muciniphila, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium longum, Collinsella aerofaciens, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus , and Parabacteroides distasonis in the gut microbiota in patients with type1 and type2 diabetes, compared with the healthy controls and analyze the correlation between the gene expression levels of two s hort-chain fatty acids receptors GPR41 and GPR43...

Cell therapy is one of the promising approaches used against type1 diabetes. Efficient generation of Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived pancreatic progenitors (PPs) is of great importance. Since signaling pathways underlying human pancreas development is not yet fully understood, various differentiation protocols are conducted each considering variable duration, timing and concentrations of growth factors and small molecules. Therefore, we compared two PP differentiation protocols in static suspension culture...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients treated by paramedics for hypoglycemia, and to determine the predictors of hospital admission for these patients within 72 hours of the initial hypoglycemia event. METHODS: We performed a health record review of paramedic call reports and emergency department records over a 12-month period. We queried prehospital databases to identify cases, which included all patients? 18 years with a prehospital glucose reading of <72 mg/dl (< 4...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on serum glucose level in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes. METHODS: This before-after, single-group, clinical trial was conducted on 29 patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus with the age range of 7-18 years. The patients underwent NMES in two 20-minute phases on the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles, three sessions per week for a period of 8 weeks...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a dreadful autoimmune disease of childhood with incidence of 0.26/1000 children in India. To develop a new, cheap, and effective treatment for this disease, we invented an autologous Stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes in which stem cells are transplanted into the Omental pouch, peritoneum, and blood. The Omental pouch stem cell operation in the therapy is reported for the first time in the medical literature. Materials and methods: Last 5 years I treated 21 patients of Type 1 diabetes with autologous stem cell therapy and in the same period, a group of 26 patients of Type 1 diabetes with conventional treatment of Insulin injections was put as a control group...

BACKGROUND: Fixed-ratio combinations of basal insulin (BI) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have greater simplicity of administration with expected improved adherence/persistence with therapy, but real-world data are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To compare medication persistence, adherence, and health care resource utilization (HRU) and costs for insulin glargine 100 U/mL and the GLP-1 RA lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) with newly initiated free-dose combinations of BI and GLP-1 RAs initiated simultaneously or sequentially...

BACKGROUND: Sexual relationships, sexual functions are all parts of the female sexual identity and which influence physiological, psychological, and reproductive functions of women. AIM OF THE WORK: The study aimed to identify prevalence of Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) in women affected by type 1 and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and to evaluate the impact of diabetes on female sexuality. PATIENT AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 married females who were interviewed to answer Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire and were divided into two groups: the first group included 300 diabetes patients (134 patients with type 1 DM and 166 patients with type 2 DM), while the second included 100 women not diagnosed with diabetes who served as controls...

Oxysterols (OXY) are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol associated with oxidation and can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the current study is to examine the relationships between OXY profile, lipids, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and paraoxonase1 (PON1) with coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with diabetes mellitus type1 (T1DM) and type2 (T2DM). 120 diabetic patients (T1DM=40, T2DM=80) and 60 healthy subjects were recruited in the study. OXY profile (7-KChol, 7β-OHChol and Chol-triol) was measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry...

Objective: There is a close relationship between Celiac Disease (CD) and glandular autoimmunity. The aim of this study is to determine the predictive factors for AGD in children with CD. Methods: The study included 228 pediatric patients, who were diagnosed with CD between 2010 and 2019. The cases with AGD(Group-1) and those without AGD (Group-2) and the patients with Type1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) (Group-A) and those without T1DM(Group-B) were retrospectively reviewed and compared in terms of clinical and laboratory features...

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is suggested to underlie hypoglycaemic risk in impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH). We assessed the prevalence of CAN and the association between glucose variability (GV) and cardiovascular autonomic function in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and IAH. This study is a post-hoc-analysis of results obtained with the IN-CONTROL-trial, designed to assess the effects of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on glycaemia. Forty participants (aged 46.4 ± 11.4 years, diabetes duration 29...

Diabetes mellitus is a long term chronicle disorder with a high prevalence rate worldwide. Con-tinuous blood glucose and lifestyle monitoring enabled the control of blood glucose dynamics through machine learning applications using data created by various popular sensors. This survey aims to assess various classical time series, neural networks and state-of-the-art regression models based on a wide variety of machine learning techniques to predict blood glucose and hy-per/hypoglycemia in Type 1 diabetic patients...