keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38590650/prospective-evaluation-of-patient-reported-outcomes-of-invisible-ink-tattoos-for-the-delivery-of-external-beam-radiation-therapy-the-prefer-trial
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camille Hardy-Abeloos, Daniel Gorovets, Aurora Lewis, Wenyan Ji, Alicia Lozano, Chih Chun Tung, Francis Yu, Alexandra Hanlon, Haibo Lin, Anh Kha, Yoshiya Yamada, Rafi Kabarriti, Stanislav Lazarev, Shaakir Hasan, Arpit M Chhabra, Charles B Simone, J Isabelle Choi
INTRODUCTION: Invisible ink tattoos (IITs) avoid cosmetic permanence of visible ink tattoos (VITs) while serving as more reliable landmarks for radiation setup than tattooless setups. This trial evaluated patient-reported preference and feasibility of IIT implementation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In an IRB-approved, single institution, prospective trial, patients receiving proton therapy underwent IIT-based treatment setup. A survey tool assessed patient preference on tattoos using a Likert scale...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38587598/immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-in-geriatric-oncology
#22
REVIEW
Sarah L Cook, Md Al Amin, Shahla Bari, Pradeep J Poonnen, Mustafa Khasraw, Margaret O Johnson
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This manuscript will update prior reviews of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in light of basic science, translational, and clinical discoveries in the field of cancer immunology and aging. RECENT FINDINGS: ICIs have led to significant advancements in the treatment of cancer. Landmark trials of ICIs have cited the efficacy and toxicity experienced by older patients, but most trials are not specifically designed to address outcomes in older patients...
April 8, 2024: Current Oncology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38585681/direct-oral-anticoagulant-use-early-after-cardiac-surgery-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jung-Jin Wu, Jessie Jiang, Jian Ye, Ricky D Turgeon, Erica H Z Wang
BACKGROUND: There is limited literature guiding the prescribing of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) early after cardiac surgery as this population has been excluded from landmark randomized controlled trials. This study aims to determine the rate of in-hospital DOAC use compared with warfarin early after cardiac surgery, evaluate factors associated with DOAC use, determine difference in postoperative length of stay, and characterize bleeding events. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in adult patients with indications for anticoagulation and receiving either a DOAC or warfarin after cardiac surgery during their index hospitalization...
February 2024: CJC open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38583107/trends-in-oral-anticoagulant-use-and-individual-expenditures-across-the-united-states-from-2014-to-2020
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omar S Alkhezi, Leo F Buckley, John Fanikos
BACKGROUND: Landmark clinical trials have expended the indications for the direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), but contemporary data on usage and expenditure patterns are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess annual trends in oral anticoagulant (OAC) utilization and expenditure across the United States (US) from 2014 to 2020. METHODS: We utilized the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) to study the trends of use and expenditures of warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban between 2014 and 2020 in the US...
April 7, 2024: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs: Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38582301/landmark-use-by-ghost-crab-ocypode-quadrata-during-wayfinding-in-a-complex-maze
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trent Robinson
Species of crab have been shown to spatially track and navigate to consequential. locations through different processes, such as path integration and landmark orienting. Few investigations examine their ability to wayfind in complex environments, like. mazes, with multiple intersections and how they may utilize specific features to benefit. this process. Spatial learning potentially would lend a fitness advantage to animals. living in complicated habitats, and ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) is a semiterrestrial...
April 4, 2024: Behavioural Processes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38578141/the-first-mash-drug-therapy-on-the-horizon-current-perspectives-of-resmetirom
#26
REVIEW
Salvatore Petta, Giovanni Targher, Stefano Romeo, Utpal B Pajvani, Ming-Hua Zheng, Alessio Aghemo, Luca V C Valenti
The rising prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) poses a significant global health challenge, affecting over 30% of adults worldwide. MASLD is linked to increased mortality rates and substantial healthcare costs, primarily driven by its progression to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which can lead to severe liver complications including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its growing burden, effective pharmacotherapy for MASLD/MASH has been lacking until the recent conditional approval of resmetirom by the FDA...
April 5, 2024: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38576327/the-relationship-between-immune-related-adverse-events-during-ipilimumab-monotherapy-and-survival-outcomes-among-melanoma-patients-a-systematic-review
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason Sheng, Manav Nayeni, Monali Malvankar
BACKGROUND: Ipilimumab disinhibits immune system activity which results in the elimination of malignant cells. An unintended consequence of ipilimumab therapy is off-target immune-related adverse events (irAEs). It has therefore been proposed that the incidence of irAEs is a manifestation of treatment effectiveness. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between irAEs and survivability among melanoma patients administered ipilimumab monotherapy. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases which yielded a total of 2381 studies...
April 5, 2024: Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38574563/fully-automatic-tracking-of-native-knee-kinematics-from-stereo-radiography-with-digitally-reconstructed-radiographs
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Burton, Casey Myers, Margareta Stefanovic, Kevin Shelburne, Paul Rullkoetter
Precise measurement of joint-level motion from stereo-radiography facilitates understanding of human movement. Conventional procedures for kinematic tracking require significant manual effort and are time intensive. The current work introduces a method for fully automatic tracking of native knee kinematics from stereo-radiography sequences. The framework consists of three computational steps. First, biplanar radiograph frames are annotated with segmentation maps and key points using a convolutional neural network...
March 30, 2024: Journal of Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38570928/location-of-the-upper-oesophageal-sphincter-during-swallowing-analysis-using-swallowing-ct
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minxing Gao, Yoko Inamoto, Eiichi Saitoh, Keiko Aihara, Seiko Shibata, Marlis Gonzalez-Fernandez, Yohei Otaka
BACKGROUND: Upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) serves as an important anatomical and functional landmark during swallowing. However, the precise UES location before and during swallowing has not been well established. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) location and displacement during swallowing accounting for sex, age, and height in healthy adults using 320-row area detector computed tomography (320-ADCT). METHODS: Ninety-four healthy adults (43 males; 22-90 years) underwent 320-ADCT scanning while swallowing one trial of 10 mL honey thick barium...
April 3, 2024: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38558356/scan-free-and-fully-automatic-tracking-of-native-knee-anatomy-from-dynamic-stereo-radiography-with-statistical-shape-and-intensity-models
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Burton, Casey Myers, Margareta Stefanovic, Kevin Shelburne, Paul Rullkoetter
Kinematic tracking of native anatomy from stereo-radiography provides a quantitative basis for evaluating human movement. Conventional tracking procedures require significant manual effort and call for acquisition and annotation of subject-specific volumetric medical images. The current work introduces a framework for fully automatic tracking of native knee anatomy from dynamic stereo-radiography which forgoes reliance on volumetric scans. The method consists of three computational steps. First, captured radiographs are annotated with segmentation maps and anatomic landmarks using a convolutional neural network...
April 1, 2024: Annals of Biomedical Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38549263/endovascular-thrombectomy-for-acute-ischemic-stroke-current-concept-in-management
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin Woo Bae, Dong Keun Hyun
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has been established as the standard of care in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) based on landmark randomized controlled trials. Nevertheless, while the strict eligibility of EVT for AIS patients restrict the wide application of EVT, a considerable population still undergoes off-label EVT. Besides, it is important to acknowledge that recanalization is not achieved in approximately 20% of procedures, and more than 50% of patients who undergo EVT still do not experience a favorable outcome...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38548463/medical-decision-making-and-revascularization-in-ischemic-cardiomyopathy
#32
REVIEW
Alex J Chang, Yilin Liang, Steven A Hamilton, Andrew P Ambrosy
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is the most common underlying etiology of heart failure in the United States and is a significant contributor to deaths due to cardiovascular disease worldwide. The diagnosis and management of ICM has advanced significantly over the past few decades, and the evidence for medical therapy in ICM is both compelling and robust. This contrasts with evidence for coronary revascularization, which is more controversial and favors surgical approaches. This review will examine landmark clinical trial results in detail as well as provide a comprehensive overview of the current epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of ICM...
May 2024: Medical Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545011/corticosteroid-injection-for-carpal-tunnel-syndrome-a-meta-analysis-comparing-ultrasound-guided-approach-with-landmark-approach
#33
REVIEW
Anqing Jiang, Yushun Qian, Jun Yan, Shouchun Zhang, Siqiang Zhu
OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare the clinical and functional outcomes of corticosteroid injections in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, focusing on two different approaches: ultrasound-guided and landmark-guided. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases for relevant studies published prior to 30th April 2023. Studies that were either randomized controlled trials or had a cohort design were included. The review assessed symptom severity, functional status, electrodiagnostic parameters, complications, need for surgical intervention, visual analogue score, and grip strength...
2024: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541968/renal-al-amyloidosis-updates-on-diagnosis-staging-and-management
#34
REVIEW
Areez Shafqat, Hassan Elmaleh, Ali Mushtaq, Zaina Firdous, Omer Ashruf, Debduti Mukhopadhyay, Maheen Ahmad, Mahnoor Ahmad, Shahzad Raza, Faiz Anwer
AL amyloidosis is caused by the excessive production of nonfunctional immunoglobulins, leading to the formation of amyloid fibrils that damage vital organs, especially the heart and kidneys. AL amyloidosis presents with non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, numbness, pain, and nephrotic syndrome. Consequently, diagnosis is often delayed, and patients typically present with advanced disease at diagnosis. The Pavia renal staging model stratifies patients based on their likelihood of progressing to dialysis...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538271/genetic-contributions-to-recovery-following-brain-trauma-a-narrative-review
#35
REVIEW
Deepak Lakshmipathy, Shreya Rangarajan, Ariana Barreau, Jeffrey Lu, Giona Kleinberg, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequently encountered form of injury that can have lifelong implications. Despite advances in prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, the degree of recovery can vary widely between patients. Much of this is explained by differences in severity of impact and patient-specific comorbidities; however, even among nearly identical patients, stark disparities can arise. Researchers have looked to genetics in recent years as a means of explaining this phenomenon. It has been hypothesized that individual genetic factors can influence initial inflammatory responses, recovery mechanisms, and overall prognoses...
March 15, 2024: Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530689/efficacy-of-sacubitril-valsartan-on-survival-and-cardiac-remodeling-in-hypotensive-heart-failure-with-reduced-ejection-fraction-a-multicenter-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chien-Yi Hsu, Fa-Po Chung, Chieh-Ju Chao, Ying-Ju Chen, Cho-Kai Wu, Yen-Wen Wu, Jin-Long Huang, Pao-Hsien Chu, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Hung-Yu Chang, Chung-Lieh Hung
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether hypotensive patients diagnosed with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) might benefit from angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNis) in real-world practice because patients with baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) of less than 100 mm Hg have been excluded from landmark trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this multicenter study conducted between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2021, a total of 7562 symptomatic patients with HFrEF were enrolled and grouped by SBP (hypotension was defined as an SBP of less than 100 mm Hg) and ARNi use as follows: group 1, hypotensive/non-ARNi users (n=484); group 2, hypotensive/ARNi users (n=308); group 3, nonhypotensive/non-ARNi users (n=4560); and group 4, nonhypotensive/ARNi users (n=2210)...
March 26, 2024: Mayo Clinic Proceedings
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524592/differential-clinical-outcomes-after-3-versus-5-years-in-a-comparison-of-preoperative-chemotherapy-with-and-without-radiotherapy-in-locally-advanced-rectal-cancer-a-national-cohort-propensity-score-matched-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanxin Zhang, Rui Luo, Jingqi Peng, Zichuan He, Delin Tan, Xueping Liu, Hui Wang, Huaiming Wang
BACKGROUND: Preoperative chemotherapy alone might be a good alternative to preoperative chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, yet long-term real-world data from the same cohort are lacking. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with stage II-III rectal adenocarcinoma from 2011 to 2015 were randomly sampled from the SEER-Plus database to evaluate the superiority of preoperative chemoradiotherapy versus preoperative chemotherapy alone. FINDINGS: A total of 1314 eligible patients were enrolled, with a median follow-up of 74...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521384/rbma-a-robust-bayesian-model-averaging-method-for-phase-ii-basket-trials-based-on-informative-mixture-priors
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueting Wang, Wei Wei
Oncology drug research in the last few decades has been driven by the development of targeted agents. In the era of targeted therapies, basket trials are often used to test the antitumor activity of a novel treatment in multiple indications sharing the same genomic alteration. As patient population are further fragmented into biomarker-defined subgroups in basket trials, novel statistical methods are needed to facilitate cross-indication learning to improve the statistical power in basket trial design. Here we propose a robust Bayesian model averaging (rBMA) technique for the design and analysis of phase II basket trials...
March 21, 2024: Contemporary Clinical Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520434/mortality-benefit-among-primary-prevention-implantable-cardioverter-defibrillator-recipients-on-contemporary-heart%C3%A2-failure-treatment
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aamir Ahmed, Angelo Auricchio, Suneet Mittal, Robert A Pickett, Bruce L Wilkoff, Luke D Jacobsen, Anne K Marti, Reece W Holbrook, Dana M Soderlund, Anne B Curtis
BACKGROUND: Past clinical trials have shown the benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for reducing sudden cardiac death in at-risk patients. However, heart failure management and ICD technology have changed since these trials were first published. An updated assessment of ICD mortality benefit is needed. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare mortality rates between patients with a primary prevention (PP) indication for an ICD who did or did not receive an ICD using a contemporary, real-world data set...
February 24, 2024: JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519780/super-optimality-and-relative-distance-coding-in-location-memory
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gordon McIntire, Stephen Dopkins
The prevailing model of landmark integration in location memory is Maximum Likelihood Estimation, which assumes that each landmark implies a target location distribution that is narrower for more reliable landmarks. This model assumes weighted linear combination of landmarks and predicts that, given optimal integration, the reliability with multiple landmarks is the sum of the reliabilities with the individual landmarks. Super-optimality is reliability with multiple landmarks exceeding optimal reliability given the reliability with each landmark alone; this is shown when performance exceeds predicted optimal performance, found by aggregating reliability values with single landmarks...
March 22, 2024: Memory & Cognition
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