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Keywords miller fisher syndrome and mya...

miller fisher syndrome and myasthenia gravis

https://read.qxmd.com/read/25239628/mimics-and-chameleons-in-guillain-barr%C3%A3-and-miller-fisher-syndromes
#21
REVIEW
Benjamin R Wakerley, Nobuhiro Yuki
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variant, Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) have several subtypes, together forming a continuous spectrum of discrete and overlapping syndromes. Such is the heterogeneity within this spectrum that many physicians may be surprised to learn that these disorders are related pathophysiologically, and therefore share certain clinical features. These include history of antecedent infection, monophasic disease course and symmetrical cranial or limb weakness. The presence of cerebrospinal fluid albuminocytological dissociation (raised protein, normal cell count), antiganglioside antibodies and neurophysiological evidence of axonal or demyelinating neuropathy also support a diagnosis in many cases, but should not be relied upon...
April 2015: Practical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23999535/a-rare-case-of-complete-bilateral-ophthalmoplegia-and-ptosis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel John Hall, Talal Bazaraa
We describe the case of an 85-year-old gentleman admitted with bilateral ptosis and complete bilateral ocular paralysis. Initial differential diagnoses included myasthenia gravis, diabetic cranial neuropathy, an ischaemic event and possible occult neoplasm. Investigations did not support any of the differentials and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) was considered. Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody was positive, supporting the possibility of anti-ganglioside syndrome. This gentleman was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and made a full recovery...
January 2014: Age and Ageing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23894783/-neurological-complications-during-treatment-of-the-tumor-necrosis-alpha-inhibitors
#23
REVIEW
Renata Piusińska-Macoch
Medications with TNF-alpha inhibitors family are successfully applicable in rheumatology, gastroenterology, dermatology and neurology. Still, the ongoing research on the safety assessment of their application, also due to neurological complications. The vast majority of these complications is associated with an increased risk of serious virus (Herpes simplex--JC) and bacterial (Listeria monocytogenes) neuroinfections. They can cause the occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy--PML with a severe clinical course and poor prognosis or herpes simplex encephalitis--HSE...
May 2013: Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski: Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23190719/miller-fisher-syndrome-mimicking-ocular-myasthenia-gravis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Scott A Anthony, Matthew J Thurtell, R John Leigh
PURPOSE.: Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare immune-mediated neuropathy that commonly presents with diplopia after the acute onset of complete bilateral external ophthalmoplegia. Ophthalmoplegia is often accompanied by other neurological deficits such as ataxia and areflexia that characterize MFS. Although MFS is a clinical diagnosis, serological confirmation is possible by identifying the anti-GQ1b antibody found in most of the affected patients. We report a patient with MFS who presented with clinical signs suggestive of ocular myasthenia gravis but in whom the correct diagnosis was made on the basis of serological testing for the anti-GQ1b antibody...
December 2012: Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22454268/evidence-based-guideline-intravenous-immunoglobulin-in-the-treatment-of-neuromuscular-disorders-report-of-the-therapeutics-and-technology-assessment-subcommittee-of-the-american-academy-of-neurology
#25
REVIEW
H S Patwa, V Chaudhry, H Katzberg, A D Rae-Grant, Y T So
OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence for the efficacy of IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) to treat neuromuscular disorders. METHODS: The MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched (1966-2009). Selected articles were rated according to the American Academy of Neurology's therapeutic classification of evidence scheme; recommendations were based on the evidence level. RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: IVIg is as efficacious as plasmapheresis and should be offered for treating Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in adults (Level A)...
March 27, 2012: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22361625/ocular-myasthenia-gravis-in-an-academic-neuro-ophthalmology-clinic-clinical-features-and-therapeutic-response
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manoj Kumar Mittal, Richard J Barohn, Mamatha Pasnoor, April McVey, Laura Herbelin, Thomas Whittaker, Mazen Dimachkie
OBJECTIVE: The frequency of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) in patients referred to an academic neuro-ophthalmology clinic for suspected myasthenia gravis is not known. Our objective was to determine the frequency of ocular OMG in patients referred to an academic neuro-ophthalmologist and determine alternate diagnoses and response to therapy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to the University of Kansas Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic with suspected OMG over 9 years...
September 2011: Journal of Clinical Neuromuscular Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20651592/autoimmune-mediated-neuromuscular-junction-defects
#27
REVIEW
Maria Elena Farrugia, Angela Vincent
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes the recent advances on pathogenesis of antibody-mediated disorders of the neuromuscular junction, and results of studies on clinical assessment and treatments. RECENT FINDINGS: The incidence of myasthenia gravis, particularly in patients older than 50 years, is rising, and this is not solely due to improved disease recognition. It is uncertain how muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) antibody positive myasthenia gravis results in neuromuscular transmission failure since MuSK antibodies alter neuromuscular junction morphology without altering acetylcholine receptor numbers or turnover...
October 2010: Current Opinion in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18804791/the-co-occurrence-of-serologically-proven-myasthenia-gravis-and-miller-fisher-guillain-barr%C3%A3-overlap-syndrome-a-case-report
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwok Kwong Lau, Khean Jin Goh, Han Chih Hencher Lee, Yuk Tat Eric Chan, Chong Tin Tan
The co-occurrence of myasthenia gravis (MG) and Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) is uncommon with a few reported cases in the literature. There is only one reported case of MG and Miller Fisher variant of GBS. We described an 84 year old Chinese woman with underlying seropositive myasthenia gravis (MG) who presented with ophthalmoplegia, areflexia and acute neuromuscular weakness. She was proved to have co-occurrence of MG and GBS/Miller Fisher overlap syndrome with positive anti-GQ1b antibody. The unusual finding in this patient raises an interesting question on their pathogenesis with the possibility that prior activation of the immune system may predispose the development of autoantibodies against other antigens within the same set of muscles...
January 15, 2009: Journal of the Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18432547/neuromuscular-junction-dysfunction-in-miller-fisher-syndrome
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M P Silverstein, S Zimnowodzki, J C Rucker
The Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome with the clinical triad of areflexia, ataxia, and ophthalmoparesis. The classic pathologic mechanism of disease is considered to be peripheral nerve demyelination. We present a patient with binocular diplopia and a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis from 15 years prior. Electrophysiologic studies revealed a decremental response on repetitive nerve stimulation, suggesting recurrent myasthenia. However, pupillary light-near dissociation and areflexia were present and positive anti-GQ1b antibodies confirmed MFS...
May 2008: Seminars in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15739712/a-case-of-ocular-myasthenia-gravis-and-miller-fisher-syndrome
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Mak, K H Chan, S L Ho
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 2005: Hospital Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15651336/-diagnostic-significance-of-autoantibodies-in-neurological-diseases
#31
REVIEW
Keiko Tanaka
Significance of autoantibodies in neurological diseases is roughly grouped into three, as 1) disease process is thought to be directly caused by the antibodies because the antibody can reproduce the disease process, like anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody in myasthenia gravis, anti-P/Q type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, etc., 2) antibodies are thought to be closely related to the disease because plasma exchange ameliorate the disease promptly, however without success of transfer experiments, like Guillain-Barré syndrome/Miller Fisher syndrome and anti-ganglioside antibodies and 3) antibodies are very specific and become the useful markers for the diagnosis, however without direct evidence of disease transfer, like paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and anti-Yo or Hu antibodies...
November 2004: Rinshō Shinkeigaku, Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15207881/autoantibody-testing
#32
REVIEW
Rahman Pourmand
Recent advances in neuroimmunology have led to improvements in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of many neuromuscular disorders. The value of autoantibody testing is increasing steadily in neurologic practice. Not all antibodies have a high yield in diagnosis. In some disorders, such as generalized adult onset of myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome,Miller Fisher syndrome, and multifocal motor neuropathy,autoantibody tests provide accurate diagnosis and can be considered biologic markers of these disorders...
August 2004: Neurologic Clinics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15152459/-clinical-aspects-of-abnormal-eye-movements
#33
REVIEW
Yoshiyuki Kuroiwa, Hiroyuki Toda
This paper reviews a variety of abnormal eye movements which include abnormal ocular positions, restricted eye motions, impairment of conjugated eye movements, abnormal smooth pursuit, abnormal saccade, gaze-evoked nystagmus, down-beat nystagmus, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, square wave jerks, roving eye movement, ocular bobbing, ocular dipping, reverse ocular bobbing, and ping-pong gaze. Abnormal eye movements occur from stroke, spinocerebellar degeneration, Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple sclerosis, Miller Fisher syndrome, myasthenia gravis, opsoclonus-polymyoclonia syndrome, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease...
November 2003: Rinshō Shinkeigaku, Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/14530624/therapy-with-intravenous-immunoglobulins-complications-and-side-effects
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthias Wittstock, Reiner Benecke, Uwe K Zettl
Therapy with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) is thought to be a safe treatment for a number of immune-mediated neurological diseases. Published data about prevalence of adverse effects range from 11 to 81%. The purpose of our study was to present a representative view on adverse effects by analysis of a large cohort of patients treated by IVIG. In a prospective study, we analysed 117 patients (age 17-79 years) who were treated with IVIG for various neurological diseases including chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, diabetic amyotrophy, inclusion body myositis, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome, multifocal motor neuropathy, myasthenia gravis and polymyositis...
2003: European Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11800088/plasmapheresis-affects-t-helper-type-1-t-helper-type-2-balance-of-circulating-peripheral-lymphocytes
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Goto, H Matsuo, S Nakane, H Izumoto, T Fukudome, C Kambara, N Shibuya
Plasmapheresis not only removes humoral factors, but may also modulate cellular immunity. We investigated whether plasmapheresis influenced T helper type-1/T helper type-2 (Th1/Th2) cytokine-producing-cell balance in 3 patients with neuroimmunological disease. The production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-4 in the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 was assayed. In 2 of 3 patients, plasmapheresis (immunoadsorption or plasma exchange) reduced Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio...
December 2001: Therapeutic Apheresis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10914410/guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-perspectives-with-infants-and-children
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H R Jones
An acute flaccid paraparesis or ascending quadriparesis in an infant or child constitutes a very important pediatric neurology emergency. The Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most frequent cause. This is primarily an autoimmune, post-infectious, demyelinating, peripheral nervous system process. A small percentage of children develop a primary axonal process not unlike that identified more commonly in China. Because of the potential for acute respiratory compromise, any child suspected of having GBS needs immediate hospitalization...
June 2000: Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10590891/immunology-of-the-neuromuscular-junction-and-presynaptic-nerve-terminal
#37
REVIEW
A Vincent
The prevalence and incidence of myasthenia gravis is higher than previously thought. A potentially immunodominant T cell has been defined. The specific voltage-gated calcium channel subtype that is targeted by antibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome has been identified, and there is further evidence for the pathogenic role of autoantibodies in some cases of fetal arthrogryposis and in acquired neuromyotonia, Morvan's syndrome and Miller-Fisher syndrome.
October 1999: Current Opinion in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10225729/can-immunoadsorption-plasmapheresis-be-used-as-the-first-choice-therapy-for-neuroimmunological-disorders
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Yamawaki, N Suzuki
The subjects were 31 patients in whom immunoadsorption plasmapheresis (IAPP) was performed as the first choice therapy for primary or recurrent neuroimmunological disorders. The clinical manifestations before and after IAPP and the use of corticosteroids were investigated in the present study. IAPP was clinically effective in all patients. The corticosteroids (CSs) administration was begun or CSs were increased after completion of IAPP in 11 patients. IAPP was performed as the first choice therapy, and favorable results were obtained in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome and Miller-Fisher syndrome...
November 1997: Therapeutic Apheresis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9883864/immune-mediated-peripheral-neuropathies-and-voltage-gated-sodiums-channels
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Benatar, H J Willison, A Vincent
Antibodies to GM1 ganglioside are found in some patients with the Guillain-Barré syndrome and multifocal motor neuropathy, and may alter neuronal excitability. We measured voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) function by 22Na+ influx in a motor neuronal cell line (NSC19) in which we demonstrated GM1 ganglioside and tetrodotoxin-sensitive VGSC function. We were unable to detect any effect of peripheral neuropathy plasmas, with or without complement, on VGSC function in NSC19 cells.
January 1999: Muscle & Nerve
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9296134/-variable-and-recurrent-ptosis-and-ophthalmoplegia-in-chronic-polyradiculoneuritis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Serratrice, J P Azulay, J Pouget, J Boucraut
Fluctuating ptosis and diplopia are typical features of myasthenia gravis. This report describes four patients who developed these symptoms and in whom the investigations have demonstrated typical features of chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy. Ptosis and ophtalmoplegia were in most the cases unilateral and were sometimes painful. The evolution was fluctuant with episodic exacerbations. These unusual clinical features have responded like other features of CIDP to corticosteroids or to intravenous immune globulin but relapses are always possible...
April 1997: Revue Neurologique
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