keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38138213/the-management-and-diagnosis-of-anti-nmda-receptor-autoimmune-encephalitis-in-pregnant-women-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#21
REVIEW
Alina Potorac, Valentin Nicolae Varlas, Roxana Georgiana Borș, Alexandru Baroș, Monica Cirstoiu
Rationale : Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a form of autoimmune synaptic encephalitis, often mediated by neuronal surface antibodies. Clinically, it manifests through a diverse range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, primarily affecting young women with ovarian teratoma, which is rare in pregnant women. Patient concerns : We report a case of a 35-year-old multiparous pregnant patient at 38 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency room with seizure, psychiatric symptoms like delirious speech with mystical visual and auditory hallucinations, bradylalia, and retrograde amnesia...
December 1, 2023: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38085898/paraneoplastic-neurologic-syndromes
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jerome J Graber
OBJECTIVE: Progress is ongoing in understanding paraneoplastic neurologic disorders, with new syndromes and antibodies being described and more detailed evidence available to guide workup for diagnosis and treatment to improve outcomes. Many excellent reviews have summarized the molecular features of different antibodies, but this article emphasizes the clinical features of each syndrome that may help guide initial diagnosis and treatment, which often should occur before an antibody or cancer is found to confirm the diagnosis...
December 1, 2023: Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38063052/single-cell-rna-sequencing-reveals-diverse-b-cell-phenotypes-in-patients-with-anti-nmdar-encephalitis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sisi Li, Xiang Hu, Minjin Wang, Luoting Yu, Qi Zhang, Jing Xiao, Zhen Hong, Dong Zhou, Jinmei Li
BACKGROUNDS: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) is a severe autoimmune disorder characterized by prominent psychiatric symptoms. Although the role of NMDAR antibodies in the disease has been extensively studied, the phenotype of B cell subsets is still not fully understood. METHODS: We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell B cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq), bulk BCR sequencing, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to analyze samples from both NMDAR-E patients and control individuals...
December 8, 2023: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38033615/depressive-symptoms-and-anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor-glun1-antibody-seropositivity-in-the-prospective-cohort-with-incident-stroke
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pia S Sperber, Pimrapat Gebert, Leonie H A Broersen, Anna Kufner, Shufan Huo, Sophie K Piper, Bianca Teegen, Peter U Heuschmann, Harald Prüss, Matthias Endres, Thomas G Liman, Bob Siegerink
BACKGROUND: Anti-NMDA-receptor GluN1 antibodies (NMDAR1-abs) are present in an autoimmune encephalitis with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms. We aimed to estimate the impact of serum NMDAR1-abs on depressive symptoms years after first-ever ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS: Data were used from the PROSpective Cohort with Incident Stroke-Berlin (PROSCIS-B; NCT01363856). Serum NMDAR1-abs (IgM/IgA/IgG) were measured within 7 days after IS using cell-based assays. We defined seropositivity as titers ≥1:10, thereof low titers as ≤1:100 and high titers as >1:100...
December 2023: Brain, behavior, & immunity health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022469/ofatumumab-a-fully-human-anti-cd20-monoclonal-antibody-in-the-treatment-of-severe-refractory-anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor-encephalitis-two-case-reports
#25
Hongfei Xue, Yushu Jiang, Lingzhi Qin, Xiaojuan Wang, Milan Zhang, Shuhua Dai, Yongshi Teng, Jiajia Xu, Wei Li
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) characterized by antibodies against NMDA receptor. As the most common AE, anti-NMDAR encephalitis affects 54% ~ 80% of patients with AE. It is associated with a high percentage of severe illness. It typically manifests as behavioral and psychiatric disturbance, epilepsy, cognitive decline, decreased level of consciousness, involuntary movements, autonomic dysfunction, central hypoventilation, etc. We report two refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis...
2023: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022088/rasmussen-s-encephalitis-a-literary-review
#26
REVIEW
Abhishek Kumar, Harshil Krishnani, Arundhati Pande, Siddhant Jaiswal, Revat J Meshram
Usually affecting one hemisphere of the brain, Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a persistent inflammatory disease of unclear origin. Rasmussen and colleagues presumed a viral etiology of the sickness in their first description. Later, the condition was linked to autoantibodies that were in the blood. Recently, it was shown that the cause of RE was a cytotoxic T-cell reaction to neurons. RE may be identified histopathologically by cortical inflammation, neuronal degeneration, and cerebral hemispheric-specific gliosis...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021635/rapidly-progressive-dementia-in-an-elderly-male-perseverance-becomes-the-key-to-a-rare-diagnosis
#27
Arundhati Negi, M Mukhyaprana Prabhu
Cognitive impairment in a patient with rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) develops faster than expected for a known dementia syndrome. It poses as a diagnostic challenge for the physician who must identify the diagnosis among a broad spectrum of differentials. Here, we discuss the case of a 60-year-old male who presented with a four-month history of progressive gait disturbance, incoherent talking, dysarthria, hand tremors, and new-onset bladder incontinence. Neurological examination revealed fast saccades, cerebellar dysarthria, hypertonia, and normal power in all four limbs, brisk reflexes, past pointing, intentional tremors, resting myoclonic jerks, and ataxic gait...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003360/serum-reactive-antibodies-against-the-n-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor-nr2-subunit-could-they-act-as-potential-biomarkers
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria S Hadjiagapiou, George Krashias, Christina Christodoulou, Marios Pantzaris, Anastasia Lambrianides
Synaptic dysfunction and disrupted communication between neuronal and glial cells play an essential role in the underlying mechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Earlier studies have revealed the importance of glutamate receptors, particularly the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, in excitotoxicity, leading to abnormal synaptic transmission and damage of neurons. Our study aimed to determine whether antibodies to the NR2 subunit of NMDAR are detected in MS patients and evaluate the correlation between antibody presence and clinical outcome...
November 10, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37967215/nmdar-antagonists-suppress-tumor-progression-by-regulating-tumor-associated-macrophages
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongchen Yuan, Jing Hu, Xiaoman Ju, Eva Maria Putz, Simin Zheng, Stephane Koda, Guowei Sun, Xiaoran Deng, Zhipeng Xu, Wei Nie, Yang Zhao, Xianyang Li, William C Dougall, Simin Shao, Yan Chen, Renxian Tang, Kuiyang Zheng, Juming Yan
Neurotransmitter receptors are increasingly recognized to play important roles in anti-tumor immunity. The expression of the ion channel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) on macrophages was reported, but the role of NMDAR on macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unknown. Here, we show that the activation of NMDAR triggered calcium influx and reactive oxygen species production, which fueled immunosuppressive activities in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the hepatocellular sarcoma and fibrosarcoma tumor settings...
November 21, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37954587/brazilian-autoimmune-encephalitis-network-brain-antibody-profile-and-clinical-characteristics-from-a-multicenter-study
#30
MULTICENTER STUDY
Bruna de Freitas Dias, Fabio Fieni Toso, Maria Eduarda Slhessarenko Fraife Barreto, René de Araújo Gleizer, Alessandra Dellavance, Pedro André Kowacs, Helio Teive, Mariana Spitz, Aline Freire Borges Juliano, Letícia Januzi de Almeida Rocha, Pedro Braga-Neto, Paulo Ribeiro Nóbrega, Jamary Oliveira-Filho, Ronaldo Maciel Dias, Clécio de Oliveira Godeiro Júnior, Fernanda Martins Maia, Rodrigo Barbosa Thomaz, Mara Lúcia Santos, Eduardo Sousa de Melo, Adaucto Wanderley da Nóbrega Júnior, Katia Lin, Orlando Graziani Povoas Barsottini, Verena Endmayr, Luís Eduardo Coelho Andrade, Romana Höftberger, Lívia Almeida Dutra
BACKGROUND: The frequency of antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) may vary in different populations, however, data from developing countries are lacking. To describe the clinical profile of AIE in Brazil, and to evaluate seasonality and predictors of AIE in adult and pediatric patients. METHODS: We evaluated patients with possible AIE from 17 centers of the Brazilian Autoimmune Encephalitis Network (BrAIN) between 2018 and 2022. CSF and serum were tested with TBAs and CBAs...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37935502/-clinical-analysis-of-adult-oculomoclonus-myoclonus-syndrome-with-vertigo
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Lin, C J Sun, C Wei, Y Lin, M Y Liu, J Q Liu, Q Shi
The clinical manifestation, physical and laboratory examination, electrophysiological, and imaging data of 2 female adult OMS patients with vertigo were analyzed at the Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from February 2021 to March 2022. The treatment strategy and clinical outcome were followed up. The two female patients were aged 42 and 66 years. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody and anti-GABAB receptor antibody were detected in serological screening, respectively...
November 1, 2023: Zhonghua Nei Ke za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37918394/chimeric-autoantibody-receptor-t%C3%A2-cells-deplete-nmda-receptor-specific-b-cells
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Momsen Reincke, Niels von Wardenburg, Marie A Homeyer, Hans-Christian Kornau, Gregorio Spagni, Lucie Y Li, Jakob Kreye, Elisa Sánchez-Sendín, Sonja Blumenau, Dominik Stappert, Helena Radbruch, Anja E Hauser, Annette Künkele, Inan Edes, Dietmar Schmitz, Harald Prüss
Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) autoantibodies cause NMDAR encephalitis, the most common autoimmune encephalitis, leading to psychosis, seizures, and autonomic dysfunction. Current treatments comprise broad immunosuppression or non-selective antibody removal. We developed NMDAR-specific chimeric autoantibody receptor (NMDAR-CAAR) T cells to selectively eliminate anti-NMDAR B cells and disease-causing autoantibodies. NMDAR-CAARs consist of an extracellular multi-subunit NMDAR autoantigen fused to intracellular 4-1BB/CD3ζ domains...
November 9, 2023: Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37907744/hmgb1-induces-hepcidin-upregulation-in-astrocytes-and-causes-an-acute-iron-surge-and-subsequent-ferroptosis-in-the-postischemic-brain
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dashdulam Davaanyam, Hahnbi Lee, Song-I Seol, Sang-A Oh, Seung-Woo Kim, Ja-Kyeong Lee
Dysregulation of brain iron levels causes functional disturbances and damages neurons. Hepcidin (a peptide hormone) plays a principal role in regulating intracellular iron levels by modulating ferroportin (FPN, the only known iron exporter) through triggering its internalization and lysosomal degradation. We observed a significant and rapid iron surge in the cortices of ischemic hemispheres at 3 h after cerebral ischemia (middle cerebral artery occlusion, MCAO) that was maintained until 4 d post-MCAO...
November 1, 2023: Experimental & Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37875549/impaired-functional-connectivity-of-the-hippocampus-in-translational-murine-models-of-nmda-receptor-antibody-associated-neuropsychiatric-pathology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Kuchling, Betty Jurek, Mariya Kents, Jakob Kreye, Christian Geis, Jonathan Wickel, Susanne Mueller, Stefan Paul Koch, Philipp Boehm-Sturm, Harald Prüss, Carsten Finke
Decreased hippocampal connectivity and disruption of functional networks are established resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) features that are associated with neuropsychiatric symptom severity in human anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. However, the underlying pathophysiology of NMDAR encephalitis remains poorly understood. Application of patient-derived monoclonal antibodies against the NR1 (GluN1) subunit of the NMDAR now allows for the translational investigation of functional connectivity in experimental murine NMDAR antibody disease models with neurodevelopmental disorders...
October 24, 2023: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37864878/neurological-syndromes-and-potential-triggers-associated-with-antibodies-to-neuronal-surface-antigens
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruna Klein da Costa, Paula de Oliveira Pinto, Lia Staub, Gisele Hansel, Guilherme Vanik Pinto, Lucas Porcello Schilling, Giordani Rodrigues Dos Passos, William Alves Martins, Jefferson Becker, Raphael Machado Castilhos, André Palmini, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato
BACKGROUND: Autoantibodies against surface neuronal antigens have been associated with specific neurological presentations including autoimmune encephalitis (AE), with variable association with neoplasia and infections. METHODS: We described the phenotype and environmental associations of patients with neurological syndromes associated with antibodies against neuronal surface antigens who were referred to a tertiary center in the South of Brazil. All patients were tested for neuronal autoantibodies using cell-based assays...
September 29, 2023: Multiple Sclerosis and related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37844942/autoimmune-epilepsy-retrospective-case-series-of-clinical-features-management-and-outcomes
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abrar A Khan, Waleed M Alzahrani, Reem M Bagadood, Baker M Alweshah, Jwana F Alsulaimi, Hanadi M Abualela
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and electrographic features of patients with autoimmune epilepsy and assess the influence of early diagnosis and treatment on reducing seizure frequency. METHODS: A retrospective observational case series was conducted utilizing medical records from King Abdullah Medical Hospital between 2017 and 2022. Cases of newly diagnosed seizures were chosen based on laboratory-proven autoimmunity. RESULTS: Five female inpatients were identified, primarily presenting with seizures suggestive of an autoimmune origin...
October 2023: Neurosciences: the Official Journal of the Pan Arab Union of Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843106/case-report-severe-course-of-encephalitis-of-unknown-origin
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jakub Okrzeja, Piotr Czupryna, Bożena Kubas, Justyna Adamczuk, Joanna Zajkowska, Adam Garkowski
The exact cause of encephalitis is still unclear in many cases, although the common etiological factors of this process are viruses such as herpes simplex virus and rabies virus, and also bacteria, fungi, parasites, several medicines and autoimmune diseases. Herein, we report a case of a 56-year-old man with a history of amnestic syndrome, impaired consciousness, somnolence throughout the day, headache, dizziness and hypertension, who was admitted to hospital with suspected neurological disease, and imaging features that were consistent with encephalitis of unknown etiology...
2023: Przegla̧d Epidemiologiczny
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37834353/anti-nmda-and-anti-ampa-receptor-antibodies-in-central-disorders-preclinical-approaches-to-assess-their-pathological-role-and-translatability-to-clinic
#38
REVIEW
Guendalina Olivero, Alessandra Roggeri, Anna Pittaluga
Autoantibodies against NMDA and AMPA receptors have been identified in the central nervous system of patients suffering from brain disorders characterized by neurological and psychiatric symptoms. It has been demonstrated that these autoantibodies can affect the functions and/or the expression of the targeted receptors, altering synaptic communication. The importance to clarify, in preclinical models, the molecular mechanisms involved in the autoantibody-mediated effects has emerged in order to understand their pathogenic role in central disorders, but also to propose new therapeutic approaches for preventing the deleterious central consequences...
October 5, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37827848/survival-analysis-of-immunotherapy-effects-on-relapse-rate-in-pediatric-and-adult-autoimmune-encephalitis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer H Yang, Emilie N Liu, Linda Nguyen, Anastasie Dunn-Pirio, Jennifer S Graves
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prior observational studies for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) have mostly focused on outcomes after acute immunotherapies with better outcomes associated with earlier immunotherapy use. However, the impact of long-term immunotherapy and its association with clinical relapse is not well known. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients meeting published clinical criteria for AE evaluated at UC San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital from January 2007 to November 2021...
November 27, 2023: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37807206/a-92-neuropsychological-testing-and-cognitive-outcomes-in-autoimmune-encephalitis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiffany Grezmak, Carol Swetlik, Justin Abbatemarco, Amy Kunchok, Rachel Galioto
OBJECTIVE: This review examines the use and outcomes of neuropsychological tests (NPT) in adults with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with the objective of providing recommendations for NPT for clinical practice, observational research, and clinical trials. DATA SELECTION: PubMed search from inception to February 2023 yielded 8858 results which were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria: ≥ one comprehensive NPT with comparison/normative reference value available of individual NPT scores, NPT reported within specific neuronal antibody group, English manuscript available, and sample size >5 (no case reports)...
October 8, 2023: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology: the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists
keyword
keyword
50561
2
3
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.