calcified ligament

Eagle Syndrome is a rare condition with a variety of presentations, resulting from an enlarged styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament. Due to the variety of presentations, diagnosis can be difficult. In this report, we present a case of ES that presented with a constellation of neurological symptoms, including headache and visual disturbance, ultimately found to be due to cerebral sinus hypertension, exacerbated by certain movements, caused by an enlarged styloid process with calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, consistent with ES...

Background: Calcification of the ligamentum flavum is a rare cause of spinal stenosis. The process can occur at any level in the spine, often presents with local pain or radicular symptoms, and is a distinct process from ossification of the spinal ligaments in pathogenesis and treatment approach. Few case reports have described multiple level involvement in the thoracic spine that results in sensorimotor deficits and myelopathy. Case Report: A 37-year-old female presented with progressive sensorimotor deficits from T3 distally that resulted in complete sensory deficits and diminished lower extremity strength...

The firm integration of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts into bones remains the most demanding challenge in ACL reconstruction, since graft loosening means graft failure. For a functional-tissue-engineered ACL substitute to be realized in future, robust bone attachment sites (entheses) have to be re-established. The latter comprise four tissue compartments (ligament, non-calcified and calcified fibrocartilage, separated by the tidemark, bone) forming a histological and biomechanical gradient at the attachment interface between the ACL and bone...

The hallmark of enthesis architecture is the 3D compositional and structural gradient encompassing four tissue zones - tendon/ligament, uncalcified fibrocartilage, calcified fibrocartilage and bone. This functional gradient accommodates the large stiffness differential between calcified bone and uncalcified tendon/ligament. Here we analyze in 3D the organization of the mouse Achilles enthesis and mineralizing Achilles tendon in comparison to lamellar bone. We use correlative, multiscale high-resolution volume imaging methods including μCT with submicrometer resolution and FIB-SEM tomography (both with deep learning-based image segmentation), and TEM and SEM imaging, to describe ultrastructural features of physiologic, age-related and aberrant mineral patterning...

Eagle Syndrome is a pain syndrome of rare and unwonted incidence. Forbearer has an elongated styloid process or a calcified stylohyoid ligament, suppressing glossopharyngeal nerve leading to a mélange of symptoms including sporadic cervicofacial pain, headache, and foreign body sensation. Here we present case of a 65 year old military man of south Asian origin, who presented with complaints of sudden episodes of blackouts for past five years and pain in neck while turning head to left for past two months...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate-based cement Ceraputty on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared to Biodentine and Endosequence BC root repair material (ERRM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: hPDLSCs were isolated from extracted third molars from healthy donors. Standardized sample discs and 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following assays were performed: surface element distribution via SEM-EDX, cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT-qPCR, and cell calcified nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining...

Chronic injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) is common following an acute knee injury. This case report presents two patients that failed to respond to conservative treatment with clinical evidence of an MCL injury and radiographic finding of a benign-appearing soft tissue lesion in the MCL. Calcified or ossified lesions have been described with chronic MCL injuries. Ossification and calcification of the MCL have been observed as potential causes of chronic MCL pain. Here, we detail the distinction between these two distinct intra-ligamentous heterotopic deposits and describe a novel treatment approach using ultrasonic percutaneous debridement, a technique that is typically reserved for tendinopathies...

Sella turcica development involves molecular factors and genes responsible for ossification. It is possible that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key genes are involved in morphological variation of sella turcica. Genes belonging to the WNT signaling pathway are involved in the ossification process and are candidates of sella turcica morphology. This study aimed to evaluate if SNPs in WNT6 (rs6754599) and WNT10A (rs10177996 and rs3806557) genes are associated with the calcification and patterns of the sella turcica...

CASE: A 32-year-old healthy woman tore her right anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and underwent reconstruction with quadriceps tendon autograft. Twelve weeks postoperatively, she had anterior thigh pain limiting knee flexion and a palpable mass in the anterior thigh. Imaging revealed a calcified mass near the graft site, concerning for heterotopic ossification (HO). After maturation of the heterotopic bone, she underwent debridement and HO removal. CONCLUSION: This is a case of HO at the quadriceps tendon autograft site after ACL reconstruction...

Novel compositional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques have allowed for both the qualitative and quantitative assessments of tissue changes in osteoarthritis, many of which are difficult to characterize on conventional MR imaging. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) and zero echo time (ZTE) MR imaging have not been broadly implemented clinically but have several applications that leverage contrast mechanisms for morphologic evaluation of bone and soft tissue, as well as biochemical assessment in various stages of osteoarthritis progression...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is characterized by general health and rapid destruction of periodontal tissue. The familial aggregation of this disease highlights the involvement of genetic factors in its pathogeny. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify AgP-related genes in a Japanese population, and the lipid metabolism-related gene, lipase-a, lysosomal acid type (LIPA), was suggested as an AgP candidate gene. However, there is no report about the expression and function(s) of LIPA in periodontal tissue...

Despite its time-honored tradition, the classic Neer acromioplasty has come under increased scrutiny in the recent literature, particularly when performed in the absence of rotator cuff repair. The American Medical Association Current Procedural Terminology Committee has transitioned the acromioplasty procedure, and definition of the related Current Procedural Terminology code 29827, to a procedure that is "added-on" to shoulder arthroscopy. Several authors have sought to investigate the true value of arthroscopic subacromial decompression for extrinsic sources of impingement...

Acute ischemic stroke in patients younger than the age of 50 years is a rare occurrence that results in high mortality and substantial loss of functional years of life. Internal carotid artery dissection (CAD) presents a rare, but serious condition that needs to be fully evaluated and carefully treated, as it may lead to an acute ischemic stroke in all, but mostly in younger patients. A possible cause for CAD, the carotid artery type of Eagle syndrome (ESy), is atypical and underrecognized. In this case report we present a case of a young patient with carotid artery type of ESy, resulting in a severe acute ischemic stroke...

AIM: To assess the cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate cement-based sealer AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs) on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared with the epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus (AHP) and the calcium silicate cement-based sealer Endosequence BC Sealer (ESbcs). METHODOLOGY: Standardized sample discs and 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following assays were performed: surface element distribution via SEM-EDX, cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, cell migration/proliferation via a wound-healing assay, osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT-qPCR and cell mineralized nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining...

OBJECTIVE: Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) are critical for wound healing and regenerative capacity of periodontal diseases. Within an inflammatory periodontal pocket, a hypoxic environment can aggravate periodontal inflammation, where PDLCs response to the inflammation would change. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is an endogenous lipid mediator, which can impact intracellular inflammatory pathways of periodontal/oral cells and periodontal regeneration. It is not clear how hypoxia and RvD1 impact the inflammatory responses of pro-inflammatory PDLCs phenotype...

BACKGROUND: The optimal graft choice between the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and the quadriceps tendon remains controversial. Studies evaluating the microscopic anatomy of the quadriceps tendon-patellar bone (QTB) and BPTB grafts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are currently lacking. HYPOTHESIS: The relationship between post-ACL reconstruction graft bending angle (GBA) and the angle corresponding to the GBA (cGBA) would indicate that the BPTB can bend more than the QTB at the femoral tunnel aperture...

BACKGROUND: Osteopetrosis is an uncommon inherited disease marked with elevated bone density and frequent bone fractures owing to flawed osteoclast activity. Autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type 2 (ADO-2), a benign form of osteopetrosis, is also known as Albers-Schonberg disease. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the first successful anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery for ACL rupture treatment in a 30-year-old female with ADO-2, who carried a heterozygous missense mutation c...

BACKGROUND: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a well-documented complication of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA), although it rarely causes adverse clinical effects. Despite high-grade HO possibly limiting segmental mobility, it is reportedly seldom associated with symptoms. OBSERVATIONS: The authors report a case of a 46-year-old male patient who underwent hybrid CDA and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for 3-level cervical disc herniation that caused myeloradiculopathy...

Successful periodontal repair and regeneration requires the coordinated responses from soft and hard tissues as well as the soft tissue-to-bone interfaces. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of native periodontal tissues, tissue engineering technology provides unique opportunities to coordinate multiple cell types into scaffolds that mimic the natural periodontal structure in vitro. In this study, we designed and fabricated highly ordered multicompartmental scaffolds by melt electrowriting, an advanced 3-dimensional (3D) printing technique...

The tooth is stabilized by fiber-rich tissue called the periodontal ligament (PDL). The narrow space of the PDL does not calcify in the physiological state even thought it exists between two calcified tissues, namely, the cementum of the root and alveolar bone. Two situations that require PDL regeneration are periodontitis and dental trauma. Periodontitis induces the loss of PDL and alveolar bone due to inflammation related to infection. Conversely, in PDLs damaged by dental trauma, accelerating bone formation as an overreaction of the healing process is induced, thereby inducing dentoalveolar ankylosis at the tooth root surface...