Injury risk

BACKGROUND: The influence of external workload variables on the development of calf muscle strainsin football players has not been previously explored. HYPOTHESIS: Overloaded players would have an increased risk of calf muscle strain injury. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4. METHODS: A total of 41 professional football players from 1 team were monitored for 2 consecutive seasons...

Older Fighters are defined as combat sports athletes older than 35 years, based on heightened medical risks and historical classification. Age-related changes to the neurological, cardiopulmonary, endocrinological, thermoregulatory, osmoregulatory, and musculoskeletal systems increase these athletes' risks for injury and may prolong their recovery. These age-related risks warrant special considerations for competition, licensure, prefight medical clearance, in-fight supervision, post-fight examination, and counseling regarding training practices and retirement from combat sports...

This scoping review aims (1) to map the literature dealing with neurophysiological and biomechanical aspects of back problems in athletes in order to identify valid risk-factors for their prevention, plus (2) to identify gaps in the existing research and propose suggestions for future studies. A literature search conducted with Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library was completed by Elsevier, SpringerLink and Google Scholar. The main neurophysiological risk factors identified leading to back problems in athletes are neuromuscular imbalance, increased muscle fatigability, muscle dysfunction and impaired motor control, whilst biomechanical risk factors include maladaptive spinal, spinopelvic and lower limb kinematics, side-to-side imbalances in axial strength and hip rotation range of motion, spinal overloading and deficits in movement pattern...

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit motor deficits that increase their risk of falls. There is a lack of understanding regarding gait biomechanics demonstrated by older children with ASD. The purpose of the study was to determine differences in gait patterns between older children with ASD and typically developing children. Eleven children with ASD and 11 age- and gender-matched typically developing children were recruited for the study. Participants walked on a force-instrumented treadmill at a constant speed (1...

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to explore the inhibition of nanocalcium oxalate monohydrate (nano-COM) crystal adhesion and aggregation on the HK-2 cell surface after the protection of corn silk polysaccharides (CSPs) and the effect of carboxyl group (-COOH) content and polysaccharide concentration. METHOD: HK-2 cells were damaged by 100 nm COM crystals to build an injury model. The cells were protected by CSPs with -COOH contents of 3.92% (CSP0) and 16.38% (CCSP3), respectively...

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among young adults and is associated with a substantial risk of death from suicide and medical complications. Transaminase elevations are common in patients with AN at the time of hospital admission and have been associated with longer lengths of hospital stay. Multiple types of hepatitis may occur in these patients, including two types that occur only in patients with AN: starvation hepatitis and refeeding-induced hepatitis. Starvation hepatitis is characterized by severe transaminase elevation in patients in the advanced phase of protein-energy deprivation and is associated with complications of severe starvation, such as hypoglycaemia, hypothermia, and hypotension...

BACKGROUND: Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is one of the most common causes of lateral elbow pain. When nonoperative treatment fails, 1 of the 3 surgical approaches-open, percutaneous, or arthroscopic-is used. However, determining which approach has the superior clinical outcome remains controversial. PURPOSE: To review the outcomes of different operative modalities for LE qualitatively and quantitatively. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4...

UNLABELLED: Uterine perforation is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of gynecologic procedures. Serious complications include hemorrhage, infection, and injury to surrounding organ systems (eg, gastrointestinal, urological, vascular, etc.). Risk factors include advanced maternal age, prior gynecologic surgeries, and other anatomical features that impact the difficulty of accessing the uterine cavity. In this case report, we discuss a patient who presented to the emergency department (ED) with diffuse abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding that occurred after an elective dilation and curettage (D&C) for a termination of pregnancy...

AUDIENCE: This simulation case was created for emergency medicine (EM) residents at all levels of training. BACKGROUND: Cardiac electrical storm (ES) is commonly defined as three or more episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or three shocks from an implantable defibrillator within a 24 hour period.1 This can occur in up to 30-40% of patients with implantable defibrillators; however, it may also present in a wide variety of patients, including those with structural heart disease, myocardial infarction, electrolyte disturbances, and channelopathies...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a prevalent complication among patients with acute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) for which unrecognized trajectories of renal function recovery, and their heterogeneity, may underpin poor success in identifying effective therapies. METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-center cohort study in a regional Great Vessel Center including patients undergoing aortic dissection surgery. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) recovery trajectories of PO-AKI were defined through the unsupervised latent class mixture modeling (LCMM), with an assessment of patient and procedural characteristics, complications, and early-term survival...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Return to sport decision-making may be improved by assessing an athlete's ability to coordinate movement with opponents in sport. The purpose was to investigate whether previous injuries associated with female soccer players' interpersonal coordination during a collision avoidance task. The authors hypothesized that external perturbations would disrupt the strength and stability of coordinated movement, and that individuals with a history of injury would be less likely to recover coordinated movement...

UNLABELLED: The distal tibiofibular joint is described as a syndesmosis. The syndesmosis is important to the structural integrity of the ankle joint by maintaining the proximity of the tibia, fibula, and talus. Syndesmotic or high ankle sprains, involving the syndesmotic ligaments, pose a significant rehabilitative challenge due to their intricate anatomy, prolonged recovery periods following injury, and high susceptibility to persistent disability. Traditional management strategies have often been conservative, marked by lengthy periods of immobilization and a gradual return to activity...

BACKGROUND: Shoulder instabilities constitute a large proportion of shoulder injuries and have a wide range of presentations. While evidence regarding glenohumeral dislocations and associated risk factors has been reported, less is known regarding the full spectrum of instabilities and their risk factors. PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review was to identify modifiable risk factors to guide patient management decisions with regards to implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce the risk of shoulder instability...

UNLABELLED: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), particularly cam morphology, is highly prevalent among elite hockey athletes. Moreover, hip and groin pain has become a common issue in hockey, with approximately 50% of European professional athletes reported to experience a hip or groin problem during a season. While most athletes will not miss training or competition due to this, restricted competitive performance and increased risk of reduced physical and psychological well-being are likely...

BACKGROUND: Sidestep cutting technique is highly individual and has been shown to influence knee joint loading. However, studies assessing whether individualized technique feedback improves technique and ACL injury-relevant knee joint loads instantly in a sport-specific task are lacking. PURPOSE: To determine the instant effects of individualized augmented technique feedback and instructions on technique and the peak external knee abduction moment (pKAM) in a handball-specific sidestep cut...

INTRODUCTION: Sugarcane workers are exposed to potentially hazardous agrochemicals, including pesticides, heavy metals, and silica. Such occupational exposures present health risks and have been implicated in a high rate of kidney disease seen in these workers. METHODS: To investigate potential biomarkers and mechanisms that could explain chronic kidney disease (CKD) among this worker population, paired urine samples were collected from sugarcane cutters at the beginning and end of a harvest season in Guatemala...

INTRODUCTION: Prematurity is associated with incomplete nephrogenesis and an increased incidence of acute kidney injury, that may increase the risk of future kidney disease, including hypertension, proteinuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of hypertension or proteinuria in adolescents born prematurely or small for gestational age, in a nationwide cohort. METHODS: The study cohort included potential recruits examined in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) medical facilities, between November 2005 and October 2018...

New treatments are needed to improve the prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis. We performed a systematic review on adjunctive treatments in animal models of pneumococcal meningitis in order to identify treatments with the most potential to progress to clinical trials. Studies testing therapy adjunctive to antibiotics in animal models of pneumococcal meningitis were included. A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase and Scopus for studies published from 1990 up to 17 February 2023. Two investigators screened studies for inclusion and independently extracted data...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize the perspectives and experiences of community-dwelling older adults who experience falling, to inform the subsequent development of fall prevention and management interventions, and to provide recommendations for healthcare policy and practice. METHODS: The review was a qualitative meta-aggregation study following the JBI qualitative systematic review methodology. Databases searched included Medline (through PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Web of Science...

Background: Many people infected with COVID-19 develop myocardial injury. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is among the various risk factors contributing to coronary artery disease. However, its correlation with myocardial injury in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 remains uncertain. Methods : We examined myocardial biomarkers in population affected by COVID-19 during the period from December 2022 to January 2023. The patients without myocardial injury were referred to as group A ( n = 152) and those with myocardial injury were referred to as group B ( n = 212)...