keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532873/case-report-neurological-adverse-events-in-subject-with-myasthenia-gravis-after-pcsk9-inhibitor-administration
#1
Věra Adámková, Martina Vitásková, Jaroslav A Hubáček
BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis is a rare chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder mainly caused by autoantibodies to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Cholesterol is an essential molecule that affects the distribution and proper functioning of this receptor. Several reports have described the potential worsening of myasthenia gravis in patients treated with statins. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient was an obese 72 years old man, past smoker, diagnosed with ischaemic heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid metabolism disorder...
2024: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528333/utilizing-pharmacogenomics-results-to-improve-statin-associated-muscle-symptoms
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Coral Perez González, Chandni Bardolia, Katie Pizzolato, Nishita Shah Amin
The objective of this aims to demonstrate the advantage of a pharmacogenomics (PGx)-informed medication review in mitigating adverse drug events (ADEs) and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. PGx testing and PGx-informed medication reviews assist in mitigating ADEs. PGx testing was performed on a 68-year-old male presenting with uncontrolled chronic pain. The PGx results highlighted a drug-gene interaction, aiding in identification of the increased risk of statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) attributing to uncontrolled chronic pain...
April 1, 2024: Senior Care Pharmacist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526708/role-of-c-ebp-homologous-protein-in-vascular-stenosis-after-carotid-artery-injury
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Teng, Qin Qin, Zi-Yi Zhou, Fei Zhou, Cun-Yu Cao, Chao He, Jia-Wang Ding, Jian Yang
The study aims to explore the fluctuating expression of C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) following rat carotid artery injury and its central role in vascular stenosis. Using in vivo rat carotid artery injury models and in vitro ischemia and hypoxia cell models employing human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (T/G HA-VSMCs), a comprehensive investigative framework was established. Histological analysis confirmed intimal hyperplasia in rat models. CHOP expression in vascular tissues was assessed using Western blot and immunohistochemical staining, and its presence in HAECs and T/G HA-VSMCs was determined through RT-PCR and Western blot...
March 25, 2024: Biochemical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506414/low-intensity-statin-plus-ezetimibe-versus-moderate-intensity-statin-for-primary-prevention-a-population-based-retrospective-cohort-study-in-asian-population
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minji Jung, Beom-Jin Lee, Sukhyang Lee, Jaekyu Shin
BACKGROUND: While moderate-intensity statin therapy is recommended for primary prevention, statins may not be utilized at a recommended intensity due to dose-dependent adverse events, especially in an Asian population. However, evidence supporting the use of low-intensity statins in primary prevention is limited. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare clinical outcomes between a low-intensity statin plus ezetimibe and a moderate-intensity statin for primary prevention...
March 20, 2024: Annals of Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494736/modeled-hepatic-plasma-exposures-of-fluvastatin-prescribed-alone-in-subjects-with-impaired-cytochrome-p450-2c9-3-as-one-of-possible-determinant-factors-likely-associated-with-hepatic-toxicity-reported-in-a-japanese-adverse-event-database
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koichiro Adachi, Katsuhiro Ohyama, Yoichi Tanaka, Yoshiro Saito, Makiko Shimizu, Hiroshi Yamazaki
Fluvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitor that competitively inhibits human cytochrome P450 (P450) 2C9 in vitro. Drug interactions between a variety of P450 2C9 substrates/inhibitors and fluvastatin can increase the incidence of fluvastatin-related hepatic or skeletal muscle toxicity in vivo. In this survey, the prescribed dosage of fluvastatin was reduced or discontinued in 133 of 164 patients receiving fluvastatin alone, as recorded in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database of spontaneously reported events...
2024: Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493577/mild-untreated-hypercholesterolaemia-affects-mechanical-properties-of-the-achilles-tendon-but-not-gastrocnemius-muscle
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brooke K Coombes, Monica Hanna, Kaelah A Thompson, Michel W Coppieters, Taylor J M Dick, Ricardo J Andrade, Lee Barber
Tendon xanthoma and altered mechanical properties have been demonstrated in people with familial hypercholesterolaemia. However, it is unclear whether mild, untreated hypercholesterolaemia alters musculotendinous mechanical properties and muscle architecture. We conducted a case-control study of adults aged 50 years and over, without lower limb injury or history of statin medication. Based on fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, 6 participants had borderline high LDL (>3.33 mmol/L) and 6 had optimal LDL cholesterol (<2...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Biomechanics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492173/the-role-of-mitochondria-in-statin-induced-myopathy
#7
REVIEW
Gavin Bell, Anastasia Thoma, Iain P Hargreaves, Adam P Lightfoot
Statins represent the primary therapy for combatting hypercholesterolemia and reducing mortality from cardiovascular events. Despite their pleiotropic effects in lowering cholesterol synthesis, circulating cholesterol, as well as reducing the risk of other systemic diseases, statins have adverse events in a small, but significant, population of treated patients. The most prominent of these adverse effects is statin-induced myopathy, which lacks precise definition but is characterised by elevations in the muscle enzyme creatine kinase alongside musculoskeletal complaints, including pain, weakness and fatigue...
March 16, 2024: Drug Safety: An International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Drug Experience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477580/epicardial-adipose-tissue-a-precise-biomarker-for-cardiovascular-risk-metabolic-diseases-and-target-for-therapeutic-interventions
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksander Bogdański, Piotr Niziołek, Stanisław Kopeć, Małgorzata Moszak
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is located between the heart muscle and visceral pericardium, where it has direct contact with coronary blood vessels. Elevated thickness of this tissue can induce local inflammation affecting the myocardium and the underlying coronary arteries, contributing to various cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Recent studies have identified EAT thickness as a simple and reliable biomarker for certain cardiovascular outcomes...
March 13, 2024: Cardiology in Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461445/statin-induced-immune-mediated-necrotizing-myopathy-with-concomitant-increase-of-anti-hmgcr-and-anti-achr-antibodies
#9
REVIEW
Razmig Garabet, Sanjeev Herr, Nicole Griffin, Kuruganti Reddy
Statin-induced immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a rare systemic neuromuscular condition. We present a case of a patient with a severe phenotype of the disease that was found to have an increase in anti-HMGCR and anti-ACHR antibodies. A potential association between these antibodies have not been previously described. A 67-year-old male with hyperlipidemia, who was recently initiated on atorvastatin therapy, presented to the ED with progressive muscle weakness. Within a few days of admission, the patient developed complete flaccid paralysis and respiratory distress requiring intubation...
March 10, 2024: Rheumatology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454651/effects-of-pharmacological-interventions-on-mortality-in-patients-with-takotsubo-syndrome-a-report-from-the-swedeheart-registry
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petur Petursson, Eduard Oštarijaš, Björn Redfors, Truls Råmunddal, Oskar Angerås, Sebastian Völz, Araz Rawshani, Kristina Hambraeus, Sasha Koul, Joakim Alfredsson, Henrik Hagström, Henareh Loghman, Robin Hofmann, Ole Fröbert, Tomas Jernberg, Stefan James, David Erlinge, Elmir Omerovic
AIMS: Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is a heart condition mimicking acute myocardial infarction. TS is characterized by a sudden weakening of the heart muscle, usually triggered by physical or emotional stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of pharmacological interventions on short- and long-term mortality in patients with TS. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed data from the SWEDEHEART (the Swedish Web System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) registry, which included patients who underwent coronary angiography between 2009 and 2016...
March 7, 2024: ESC Heart Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435506/an-atorvastatin-induced-positive-anti-hmgcr-immune-mediated-necrotizing-myopathy-case
#11
Nattanicha Chaisrimaneepan, Jerapas Thongpiya, Pitchaporn Yingchoncharoen, Sakditad Saowapa
Statins can commonly cause myopathy. Most of the time, stopping the culprit drug should solve the problem. However, if the drug has been discontinued but muscle weakness continues to worsen, immune-mediated myopathy should be taken into consideration.
March 2024: Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431112/medium-intensity-statin-with-ezetimibe-versus-high-intensity-statin-in-acute-ischemic-cerebrovascular-disease-mesia-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuxian Lv, Xudong Liu, Yanfang Peng, Wenbin Li, Jianing Wang, Xiaofeng Chen, Junjie Lei, Chaogang Tang, Shijian Luo, Weihua Mai, Yiming Cai, Qian Fan, Liu Chenhao, Lei Zhang
BACKGROUND: High-risk stroke patients are recommended to receive high-intensity statin therapy to reduce the risk of stroke recurrence. However, doubling the dosage of statin drugs did not increase the achievement rate of LDL-C target or provide additional clinical benefits, but significantly increased the risk of adverse reactions. Statins and ezetimibe work through different mechanisms and the combined use of statins and ezetimibe significantly improves outcomes with comparable safety profiles...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424404/the-pharmaco-epigenetics-of-hypertension-a-focus-on-microrna
#13
REVIEW
Serge Yaacoub, Ammar Boudaka, Ali AlKhatib, Gianfranco Pintus, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Firas Kobeissy, Ali H Eid
Hypertension is a major harbinger of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It predisposes to higher rates of myocardial infarction, chronic kidney failure, stroke, and heart failure than most other risk factors. By 2025, the prevalence of hypertension is projected to reach 1.5 billion people. The pathophysiology of this disease is multifaceted, as it involves nitric oxide and endothelin dysregulation, reactive oxygen species, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and vessel wall calcification, among others...
February 29, 2024: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414478/position-paper-of-the-polish-expert-group-on-the-use-of-pitavastatin-in-the-treatment-of-lipid-disorders-in-poland-endorsed-by-the-polish-lipid-association
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maciej Banach, Stanisław Surma, Agnieszka Kapłon-Cieślicka, Przemysław Mitkowski, Grzegorz Dzida, Tomasz Tomasik, Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas
Lipid disorders, primarily hypercholesterolemia, are the most common cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in Poland (this applies even 3/4 of people). The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) serum level is the basic lipid parameter that should be measured to determine CV risk and determines the aim and target of lipid-lowering treatment (LLT). Lipid-lowering treatment improves cardiovascular prognosis and prolongs life in both primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Despite the availability of effective lipid-lowering drugs and solid data on their beneficial effects, the level of LDL-C control is highly insufficient...
2024: Archives of Medical Science: AMS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388189/skeletal-muscle-mitochondrial-capacity-in-patients-with-statin-associated-muscle-symptoms-sams
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Mangone, Beth A Taylor, Robert Schmelzer, Sung Gi Noh, Michael C White, Oh Sung Kwon, Paul D Thompson
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to evaluate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a non-invasive technique to assess tissue oxygenation and mitochondrial function, as a diagnostic tool for statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). METHODS: We verified SAMS in 39 statin-treated patients (23 women) using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over protocol. Subjects with suspected SAMS were randomised to simvastatin 20 mg/day or placebo for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week no treatment period and then assigned to the alternative treatment, either simvastatin or placebo...
February 22, 2024: Open Heart
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385748/high-dose-atorvastatin-therapy-progressively-decreases-skeletal-muscle-mitochondrial-respiratory-capacity-in-humans
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Terence E Ryan, Maria J Torres, Chien-Te Lin, Angela H Clark, Patricia M Brophy, Cheryl A Smith, Cody D Smith, E Matthew Morris, John P Thyfault, P Darrell Neufer
BACKGROUNDWhile the benefits of statin therapy on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are clear, patients often experience mild to moderate skeletal myopathic symptoms, the mechanism for which is unknown. This study investigated the potential effect of high-dose atorvastatin therapy on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and whole-body aerobic capacity in humans.METHODSEight overweight (BMI, 31.9 ± 2.0) but otherwise healthy sedentary adults (4 females, 4 males) were studied before (day 0) and 14, 28, and 56 days after initiating atorvastatin (80 mg/d) therapy...
February 22, 2024: JCI Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385181/statin-administration-improves-vascular-function-in-heart-failure-with-preserved-ejection-fraction
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jarred J Iacovelli, Jeremy K Alpenglow, Stephen M Ratchford, Jesse C Craig, Jonah M Simmons, Jia Zhao, Van Reese, Kanokwan Bunsawat, Christy L Ma, John J Ryan, D Walter Wray
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by impaired vascular endothelial function that may be improved by hydroxy-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase enzyme inhibition. Thus, using a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, this study evaluated the efficacy of 30-day atorvastatin administration (10mg QD) on peripheral vascular function and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in sixteen patients with HFpEF (Statin: n=8, 74±6 yr, EF 52-73%; Placebo: n=8, 67±9 yr, EF 56-72%)...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384718/the-role-of-exercise-in-statin-associated-muscle-symptoms-outcomes-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Mangone, Oh Sung Kwon, Blair T Johnson, Yin Wu, Linda S Pescatello
OBJECTIVE: To provide a synthesis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) in adults who underwent exercise training intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We systematically searched 5 electronic databases for placebo-controlled RCTs through January 31, 2023. We included short-term and long-term exercise interventions that compared the efficacy and safety of exercise+statin vs exercise+placebo in healthy adults and reported SAMS preintervention and postintervention...
April 2024: Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38372189/development-and-validation-of-the-pharmacological-statin-associated-muscle-symptoms-risk-stratification-score-using-electronic-health-record-data
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boguang Sun, Pui Ying Yew, Chih-Lin Chi, Meijia Song, Matt Loth, Yue Liang, Rui Zhang, Robert J Straka
Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) can lead to statin nonadherence. This paper aims to develop a pharmacological SAMS risk stratification (PSAMS-RS) score using a previously developed PSAMS phenotyping algorithm that distinguishes objective vs. nocebo SAMS using electronic health record (EHR) data. Using our PSAMS phenotyping algorithm, SAMS cases and controls were identified from Minnesota Fairview EHR, with the statin user cohort divided into derivation (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018) and validation (January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020) cohorts...
February 19, 2024: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353691/the-effect-of-statins-on-falls-and-physical-activity-in-people-aged-65-and-older-a-systematic-review
#20
REVIEW
Emily Densham, Elaney Youssef, Oscar Ferguson, Rebecca Winter
PURPOSE: Statins are commonly prescribed medications with recognised side effects including muscle weakness. Despite this, little is known about their effect on the physical activity and falls risk in the older population. This paper aims to explore the relationship between statin use and the physical activity and falls risk in adults aged 65 and older. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched on 21/11/2022 to obtain relevant articles. Data considered appropriate included that relating to muscle strength, grip strength, gait speed, balance and falls incidence...
February 14, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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