keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547117/plant-nutrient-removal-and-soil-residual-chemical-properties-as-impacted-by-maize-planting-date-and-density
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koffi Djaman, Dorlote S Djaman, Naveen Puppala, Murali Darapuneni
This study aimed to measure maize (Zea mays) plant nutrient content and nutrient removal in grain, and to evaluate the residual soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as impacted by planting date and density. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate six plant densities and seven planting dates using a split-split plot design with three replications. Besides the crop growth and yield parameters, six plants were collected at the maturity and soil was sampled from each plot for nutrient analysis. Plant N, P, and K concentrations varied with planting date and density and within the ranges of 0...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546993/robust-fine-grained-visual-recognition-with-neighbor-attention-label-correction
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shunan Mao, Shiliang Zhang
Existing deep learning methods for fine-grained visual recognition often rely on large-scale, well-annotated training data. Obtaining fine-grained annotations in the wild typically requires concentration and expertise, such as fine category annotation for species recognition, instance annotation for person re-identification (re-id) and dense annotation for segmentation, which inevitably leads to label noise. This paper aims to tackle label noise in deep model training for fine-grained visual recognition. We propose a Neighbor-Attention Label Correction (NALC) model to correct labels during the training stage...
March 28, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing: a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546977/multiscale-computational-framework-for-the-liquid-liquid-phase-separation-of-intrinsically-disordered-proteins
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kalindu S Fernando, Ghodsiehsadat Jahanmir, Ilona C Unarta, Ying Chau
The reversible assembly of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to form membraneless organelles (MLOs) is a fundamental process involved in the spatiotemporal regulation in living cells. MLOs formed via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) serve as molecule-enhancing hubs to regulate cell functions. Owing to the complexity and dynamic nature of the protein assembly via a network of weak inter- and intra-molecular interactions, it is challenging to describe and predict the LLPS behavior. We have developed a multiscale computational model for IDPs, using the fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein and its variants as illustrative examples...
March 28, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546628/the-hierarchical-taxonomy-of-psychopathology-in-clinical-high-risk-for-psychosis-validation-and-extension
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trevor F Williams, Alexander L Williams, Henry R Cowan, Elaine F Walker, Tyrone D Cannon, Carrie E Bearden, Matcheri Keshavan, Barbara A Cornblatt, Jean Addington, Scott W Woods, Diana O Perkins, Daniel H Mathalon, Kristin S Cadenhead, William S Stone, Vijay A Mittal
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium's transdiagnostic dimensional model of psychopathology has considerable support; however, this model has been underresearched in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), a population that may advance the model. CHR-P individuals not only have attenuated psychotic symptoms that vary in severity, but also have many comorbid diagnoses and varied clinical outcomes, including disorders with uncertain relations to HiTOP (e.g., obsessive-compulsive disorder)...
March 28, 2024: J Psychopathol Clin Sci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545391/enhancing-the-annual-yield-via-nitrogen-fertilizer-application-optimization-in-the-direct-seeding-ratoon-rice-system
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Li, Zuolin Zhang, Benfu Wang, Zhisheng Zhang, Yiyue Lin, Jianping Cheng
Direct seeding ratoon rice (DSRR) system is a planting method that can significantly increase grain yield, improving light and temperature utilization efficiency and reducing labor input. However, the current nitrogen fertilizer management method which does not aim at the seedling emergence and development characteristics of DSRR just is only based on the traditional method of transplanting ratoon rice, and which is not conducive to the population development and yield improvement. To determine the suitable nitrogen fertilizer application optimization, we set four nitrogen fertilizer application treatments (N0, no nitrogen fertilizer; N1, traditional nitrogen fertilizer; N2, transferring 20% of total nitrogen from basal fertilizer to tillering stage; N3, reducing total nitrogen by 10% from N2 tillering fertilizer) on a hybrid rice "Fengliangyouxiang1 (FLYX1)" and an inbred rice "Huanghuazhan (HHZ)" under DSRR...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544911/the-effect-of-seed-and-nitrogen-phosphorous-fertilizer-rates-on-growth-and-yield-components-of-bread-wheat-triticum-aestivum-l-in-burie-district-northwestern-ethiopia-dataset-article
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelemu Nakachew, Fenta Assefa, Habtamu Yigermal
In the absence of a recommended optimal seed rate and nitrogen-phosphorous (NP) fertilizers application for a specific area, achieving maximum bread wheat productivity becomes challenging. To address this issue, this field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed and NP fertilizer rates on growth, yield, and yield components of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Factorial combinations of four levels of seed rates of bread wheat (100, 120, 150, and 200 kg ha-1 ) and four levels of NP fertilizers rates (64-46, 87-46, 96-69, and 119-69 kg ha-1 of N and P2 O5 ) were laid down in randomized complete block design with three replications...
June 2024: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544118/rapid-and-non-destructive-prediction-of-moisture-content-in-maize-seeds-using-hyperspectral-imaging
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hang Xue, Xiping Xu, Yang Yang, Dongmei Hu, Guocheng Niu
The moisture content of corn seeds is a crucial indicator for evaluating seed quality and is also a fundamental aspect of grain testing. In this experiment, 80 corn samples of various varieties were selected and their moisture content was determined using the direct drying method. The hyperspectral imaging system was employed to capture the spectral images of corn seeds within the wavelength range of 1100-2498 nm. By utilizing seven preprocessing techniques, including moving average, S-G smoothing, baseline, normalization, SNV, MSC, and detrending, we preprocessed the spectral data and then established a PLSR model for comparison...
March 14, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543618/contamination-and-control-of-mycotoxins-in-grain-and-oil-crops
#8
REVIEW
Chenchen Zhang, Zheng Qu, Jie Hou, Yanpo Yao
Mycotoxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic toxic compounds produced by some filamentous fungi, which are extremely harmful to corn, rice, wheat, peanut, soybean, rapeseed and other grain and oil crops, and seriously threaten environmental safety, food safety and human health. With the rapid increase in the global population and the expansion of the main crop planting area, mycotoxin contamination has increased year by year in agricultural products. The current review aimed to summarize the contamination status and harmful effects of major mycotoxins of grain and oil crops and the environmental factors that impact mycotoxin contamination...
March 12, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543348/polymer-composites-with-carbon-fillers-based-on-coal-pitch-and-petroleum-pitch-cokes-structure-electrical-thermal-and-mechanical-properties
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yevgen Mamunya, Andrii Misiura, Marcin Godzierz, Sławomira Pusz, Urszula Szeluga, Karolina Olszowska, Paweł S Wróbel, Anna Hercog, Anastasiia Kobyliukh, Andrii Pylypenko
The effect of particle size and oxidation degree of new carbon microfillers, based on coal pitch (CP) and petroleum pitch (PET) cokes, on the structure as well as thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of the composites based on ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was investigated. The composites studied have a segregated structure of filler particle distribution in the UHMWPE matrix. It was found that composite with smaller CP grain fraction has the highest Young's modulus and electrical conductivity compared to the other composites studied, which can be the result of a large contribution of flake-shaped particles...
March 8, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543010/technofunctional-properties-and-rheological-behavior-of-quinoa-kiwicha-wheat-flours-and-their-mixtures
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicodemo C Jamanca-Gonzales, Robert W Ocrospoma-Dueñas, Yolanda M Eguilas-Caushi, Rossy A Padilla-Fabian, Reynaldo J Silva-Paz
Wheat flour is a common raw material in the food industry; however, Andean grains, such as quinoa and kiwicha, are gaining popularity due to their quality proteins, fiber, and bioactive compounds. A trend has been observed toward the enrichment of products with these Andean flours, with them even being used to develop gluten-free foods. However, evaluating interactions between raw materials during industrial processes can be complicated due to the diversity of inputs. This study focused on evaluating the technofunctional and rheological properties of wheat, quinoa and kiwicha flours using a simple lattice mixture design...
March 20, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542912/stripping-mechanism-of-surfactant-system-based-on-residual-oil-on-the-surface-of-sand-conglomerate-rocks-with-different-grain-size-mineral-compositions
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Wang, Daigang Wang, Chao Ding, Jing Li, Shengdong Jiang
During the development of a sand-conglomerate reservoir, there is a huge variation in rock grain size and different åmineral compositions of different-sized sand grains. The mineral composition and microstructure of the rock both have an impact on the characteristics of the remaining oil in the reservoir. The stripping mechanism of a surfactant system on sand-conglomerate surface crude oil with varied grain size minerals was explored in this paper. Sand-conglomerate was classified and analyzed to determine their wettability and stripping oil effects...
March 13, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542881/abc2a-a-straightforward-and-fast-method-for-the-accurate-backmapping-of-rna-coarse-grained-models-to-all-atom-structures
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Zhou Shi, Hao Wu, Sha-Sha Li, Hui-Zhen Li, Ben-Gong Zhang, Ya-Lan Tan
RNAs play crucial roles in various essential biological functions, including catalysis and gene regulation. Despite the widespread use of coarse-grained (CG) models/simulations to study RNA 3D structures and dynamics, their direct application is challenging due to the lack of atomic detail. Therefore, the reconstruction of full atomic structures is desirable. In this study, we introduced a straightforward method called ABC2A for reconstructing all-atom structures from RNA CG models. ABC2A utilizes diverse nucleotide fragments from known structures to assemble full atomic structures based on the CG atoms...
March 11, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542820/impact-of-brewers-spent-grain-containing-biscuit-on-postprandial-glycaemic-response-in-individuals-with-metabolic-syndrome-a-crossover-randomised-controlled-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujing Xu, Zi Ning Leong, Weijia Zhang, Xinrui Jin, Jia Wen Kong, Gregory Chung Tsing Chan, Jung Eun Kim
Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is a fibre and protein-rich by-product of beer-brewing. Fermenting BSG with Rhizopus oligosporus can further increase its content of soluble fibre, protein and certain antioxidants. Since nutrients rich in BSG can improve postprandial glycaemic response, this study assessed the postprandial glucose response (PPGR) and postprandial insulin response (PPIR) controlling effect of consuming 30% wheat flour substituted biscuits with autoclaved BSG (ABSG) or fermented BSG (FBSG) in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS)...
March 21, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542751/biotechnological-nutritional-and-therapeutic-applications-of-quinoa-chenopodium-quinoa-willd-and-its-by-products-a-review-of-the-past-five-year-findings
#14
REVIEW
Rhaira Fernanda Ayoub Casalvara, Bruna Mayara Roldão Ferreira, José Eduardo Gonçalves, Natália Ueda Yamaguchi, Adelar Bracht, Lívia Bracht, Jurandir Fernando Comar, Anacharis Babeto de Sá-Nakanishi, Cristina Giatti Marques de Souza, Rafael Castoldi, Rúbia Carvalho Gomes Corrêa, Rosane Marina Peralta
This study aimed to provide an updated critical review of the nutritional, therapeutic, biotechnological, and environmental aspects involved in the exploitation of Chenopodium quinoa Willd and its biowastes. Special attention was devoted to investigations of the therapeutic and nutritional properties of different parts and varieties of quinoa as well as of the use of the biowaste resulting from the processing of grain. Studies published from 2018 onward were prioritized. Extracts and fractions obtained from several Chenopodium quinoa matrices showed antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunoregulatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial effects in in vitro and in vivo models and some clinical studies...
March 14, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542706/associations-of-dietary-intake-with-cardiovascular-risk-in-long-term-plant-based-eaters-a-secondary-analysis-of-a-cross-sectional-study
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boštjan Jakše, Uroš Godnov, Zlatko Fras, Nataša Fidler Mis
A plant-based diet rich in whole foods and fiber is beneficial for cardiovascular (CV) health. This impact is often linked to specific food groups and their preparation methods, reflecting the overall dietary pattern. However, research on the long-term effects of a carefully designed plant-based diet on adults transitioning from a typical Western lifestyle is limited. Notably, studies on people managing CV risk factors effectively are scarce. As part of a cross-sectional study, we examined 151 individuals committed to a long-term, well-designed plant-based diet and active lifestyle...
March 11, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542687/healthy-and-unhealthy-dietary-patterns-of-depressive-symptoms-in-middle-aged-women
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji-Young Choi, Seon-Joo Park, Hae-Jeung Lee
Depressive symptoms are a common menopausal feature in middle-aged women and are associated with dietary factors. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in 2190 Korean women aged 45-69 years. Depressive symptoms were screened using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and food intake was examined using a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived from principal components analysis and identified two dietary patterns: a "healthy" dietary pattern (high intake of whole-grain rice, legumes, vegetables, fruits, and fish) and an "unhealthy" dietary pattern (high intake of noodles, dumplings, sweets, red meat, soda, and coffee)...
March 8, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542572/recent-developments-in-k-na-nbo-3-based-lead-free-piezoceramics
#17
REVIEW
Geun-Soo Lee, Jung-Soo Kim, Seung-Hyun Kim, San Kwak, Bumjoo Kim, In-Su Kim, Sahn Nahm
(K0.5 Na0.5 )NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics have been extensively investigated as replacements for Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 -based ceramics. KNN-based ceramics exhibit an orthorhombic structure at room temperature and a rhombohedral-orthorhombic (R-O) phase transition temperature ( TR-O ), orthorhombic-tetragonal (O-T) phase transition temperature ( TO-T ), and Curie temperature of -110, 190, and 420 °C, respectively. Forming KNN-based ceramics with a multistructure that can assist in domain rotation is one technique for enhancing their piezoelectric properties...
February 26, 2024: Micromachines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542529/high-or-low-yielding-f-2-progeny-of-wheat-is-result-of-specific-tackx-gene-coexpression-patterns-in-association-with-grain-yield-in-paternal-parent
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Szala, Marta Dmochowska-Boguta, Joanna Bocian, Wacław Orczyk, Anna Nadolska-Orczyk
Members of the TaCKX gene family (GFM) encode oxidase/dehydrogenase cytokinin degrading enzymes (CKX), which play an important role in the homeostasis of phytohormones, affecting wheat development and productivity. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to test how the expression patterns of the yield-related TaCKX genes and TaNAC2-5A ( NAC2 ) measured in 7 days after pollination (DAP) spikes and the seedling roots of parents are inherited to apply this knowledge in the breeding process. The expression patterns of these genes were compared between parents and their F 2 progeny in crosses of one mother with different paterns of awnless cultivars and reciprocal crosses of awned and awnless lines...
March 21, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542492/electrophilic-compounds-in-the-human-diet-and-their-role-in-the-induction-of-the-transcription-factor-nrf2
#19
REVIEW
Celia María Curieses Andrés, José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra, Elena Bustamante Munguira, Celia Andrés Juan, Francisco J Plou, Eduardo Pérez Lebeña
The phrase "Let food be thy medicine…" means that food can be a form of medicine and medicine can be a form of food; in other words, that the diet we eat can have a significant impact on our health and well-being. Today, this phrase is gaining prominence as more and more scientific evidence suggests that one's diet can help prevent and treat disease. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can help reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and other health problems and, on the other hand, a diet rich in processed foods, added sugars, and saturated fats can increase the risk of the same diseases...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542338/computational-models-of-claudin-assembly-in-tight-junctions-and-strand-properties
#20
REVIEW
Sarah McGuinness, Samaneh Sajjadi, Christopher R Weber, Fatemeh Khalili-Araghi
Claudins are one of the major components of tight junctions (TJs) that polymerize within the cell membrane and form interactions between cells. Some claudins seal the paracellular space, limiting paracellular flux, while others form selectively permeable ion channels that control the paracellular permeability of small ions. Claudin strands are known to be dynamic and reshape within TJs to accommodate large-scale movements and rearrangements of epithelial tissues. Here, we summarize the recent computational and modeling studies on claudin assembly into tetrameric ion channels and their polymerization into μm long strands within the membrane...
March 16, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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