keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398846/protective-effect-of-the-polyphenol-ligustroside-on-colitis-induced-with-dextran-sulfate-sodium-in-mice
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruonan Gao, Yilin Ren, Peng Xue, Yingyue Sheng, Qin Yang, Yuanyuan Dai, Xiaoyue Zhang, Ziming Lin, Tianhao Liu, Yan Geng, Yuzheng Xue
Dietary polyphenols are reported to alleviate colitis by interacting with gut microbiota which plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier. As a type of dietary polyphenol, whether ligustroside (Lig) could alleviate colitis has not been explored yet. Here, we aimed to determine if supplementation of ligustroside could improve colitis. We explored the influence of ligustroside intake with different dosages on colitis induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Compared to the DSS group, supplementation of ligustroside could reduce body weight (BW) loss, decrease disease activity indices (DAI), and relieve colon damage in colitis mice...
February 13, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38345223/t4-bacteriophage-and-e-coli-interaction-in-the-murine-intestine-a-prototypical-model-for-studying-host-bacteriophage-dynamics-in-vivo
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicola Pett, Michael Hunter, Natalia A Carranza García, Jung Hee Seo, Samuel R Collins, Forest Rohwer, Lisa C Osborne, Carolina Tropini
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria with species- and strain-level specificity and are the most abundant biological entities across all known ecosystems. Within bacterial communities, such as those found in the gut microbiota, phages are implicated in regulating microbiota population dynamics and driving bacterial evolution. There has been renewed interest in phage research in the last decade, in part due to the host-specific killing capabilities of lytic phages, which offer a promising tool to counter the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistant bacteria...
January 26, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38293123/-ruminococcus-torques-is-a-keystone-degrader-of-intestinal-mucin-glycoprotein-releasing-oligosaccharides-used-by-bacteroides-thetaiotaomicron
#3
Sadie R Schaus, Gabriel Vasconcelos Periera, Ana S Luis, Emily Madlambayan, Nicolas Terrapon, Matthew P Ostrowski, Chunsheng Jin, Gunnar C Hansson, Eric C Martens
UNLABELLED: Symbiotic interactions between humans and our communities of resident gut microbes (microbiota) play many roles in health and disease. Some gut bacteria utilize mucus as a nutrient source and can under certain conditions damage the protective barrier it forms, increasing disease susceptibility. We investigated how Ruminococcus torques- a known mucin-degrader that remains poorly studied despite its implication in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)- degrades mucin glycoproteins or their component O -linked glycans to understand its effects on the availability of mucin-derived nutrients for other bacteria...
January 16, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38158934/-modern-concept-of-differential-diagnosis-of-colitis-from-g-f-lang-to-the-present-day-a-review
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A I Parfenov, A V Kagramanova, S G Khomeriki, D S Kulakov
The aim of the article is to improve the differential diagnosis of specific and nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases. In Russia, this scientific direction is associated with the name of G.F. Lang, who performed in 1901-1902 the study "On ulcerative inflammation of the large intestine caused by balantidiasis". The etiology of specific colitis is associated with infection with parasites, bacteria and viruses that cause inflammation of the intestinal wall, diarrhea, often with an admixture of mucus, pus and blood...
December 28, 2023: Terapevticheskiĭ Arkhiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38004628/gut-bacterial-community-determines-the-therapeutic-effect-of-ginsenoside-on-canine-inflammatory-bowel-disease-by-modulating-the-colonic-mucosal-barrier
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aipeng Mao, Weigang Zhao, Yuhang Zhu, Fantao Kong, Danyang Chen, Huazhe Si, Chao Xu
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises systemic inflammatory conditions primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This research aims to analyze the clinical symptoms and pathogenesis of a Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced canine IBD model and evaluate the restorative effect of ginsenoside from a pathogenesis perspective. We established the DSS-induced canine IBD model and studied the pathological mechanisms. Additionally, we examined the therapeutic effect of ginsenosides by assessing the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, colonic tissue morphology, protein expression, and mucosal bacterial community analysis...
October 24, 2023: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37868553/biofilm-s-impact-on-inflammatory-bowel-diseases
#6
REVIEW
Gopal S Palandurkar, Sunil Kumar
The colon has a large surface area covered with a thick mucus coating. Colon's biomass consists of about 1,012 colony-forming units per gram of feces and 500-1,000 distinct bacterial species. The term inflammatory bowel disease  (IBD) indicates the collection of intestinal illnesses in which the digestive system (esophagus, large intestine, mouth, stomach, and small intestine) experiences persistent inflammation. IBD development is influenced by environmental (infections, stress, and nutrition) and genetic factors...
September 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37691494/defects-in-microvillus-crosslinking-sensitize-to-colitis-and-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bernadette Mödl, Monira Awad, Daniela Zwolanek, Irene Scharf, Katharina Schwertner, Danijela Milovanovic, Doris Moser, Katy Schmidt, Petra Pjevac, Bela Hausmann, Dana Krauß, Thomas Mohr, Jasmin Svinka, Lukas Kenner, Emilio Casanova, Gerald Timelthaler, Maria Sibilia, Sigurd Krieger, Robert Eferl
Intestinal epithelial cells are covered by the brush border, which consists of densely packed microvilli. The Intermicrovillar Adhesion Complex (IMAC) links the microvilli and is required for proper brush border organization. Whether microvillus crosslinking is involved in the intestinal barrier function or colitis is currently unknown. We investigate the role of microvillus crosslinking in colitis in mice with deletion of the IMAC component CDHR5. Electron microscopy shows pronounced brush border defects in CDHR5-deficient mice...
September 11, 2023: EMBO Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37504266/inflammation-autoinflammation-and-autoimmunity-in-inflammatory-bowel-diseases
#8
REVIEW
Andrea Padoan, Giulia Musso, Nicole Contran, Daniela Basso
In this review, the role of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is reported. In IBD, an altered innate immunity is often found, with increased Th17 and decreased Treg cells infiltrating the intestinal mucosa. An associated increase in inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 and TNF-α, and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, concur in favoring the persistent inflammation of the gut mucosa. Autoinflammation is highlighted with insights in the role of inflammasomes, which activation by exogenous or endogenous triggers might be favored by mutations of NOD and NLRP proteins...
June 30, 2023: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37480626/low-grade-intestinal-inflammation-two-decades-after-pelvic-radiotherapy
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sravani Devarakonda, Annika Thorsell, Per Hedenström, Azar Rezapour, Lisen Heden, Sanghita Banerjee, Malin E V Johansson, George Birchenough, Amelie Toft Morén, Karin Gustavsson, Viktor Skokic, Victor L Pettersson, Fei Sjöberg, Marie Kalm, Mohammad Al Masri, Michaela Ekh, Henrik Fagman, Mats Wolving, Rosie Perkins, Rodrigo A Morales, Francisca Castillo, Eduardo J Villablanca, Ulf Yrlid, Karin Bergmark, Gunnar Steineck, Cecilia Bull
BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is effective in the treatment of cancer but also causes damage to non-cancerous tissue. Pelvic radiotherapy may produce chronic and debilitating bowel symptoms, yet the underlying pathophysiology is still undefined. Most notably, although pelvic radiotherapy causes an acute intestinal inflammation there is no consensus on whether the late-phase pathophysiology contains an inflammatory component or not. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the potential presence of a chronic inflammation in mucosal biopsies from irradiated pelvic cancer survivors...
July 20, 2023: EBioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37385587/sialylation-shapes-mucus-architecture-inhibiting-bacterial-invasion-in-the-colon
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mugen Taniguchi, Ryu Okumura, Takahisa Matsuzaki, Ayaka Nakatani, Kei Sakaki, Shota Okamoto, Airi Ishibashi, Haruka Tani, Momoka Horikiri, Naritaka Kobayashi, Hiroshi Y Yoshikawa, Daisuke Motooka, Daisuke Okuzaki, Shota Nakamura, Toshiyuki Kida, Akihiko Kameyama, Kiyoshi Takeda
In the intestine, Mucin 2 (Muc2) forms a network structure and prevents bacterial invasion. Glycans are indispensable for Muc2 barrier function. Among various glycosylation patterns of Muc2, sialylation inhibits a bacteria-dependent Muc2 degradation. However, the mechanisms by which Muc2 creates the network structure and sialylation prevents the mucin degradation remain unknown. Here, by focusing on two colon-specific glycosyltransferases, St6galnac6 and B3galt5, mediating the generation of disialylated glycans, we show that sialylation forms the network structure of Muc2 by providing negative charge and hydrophilicity...
June 27, 2023: Mucosal Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37318672/mucin-glycans-and-their-degradation-by-gut-microbiota
#11
REVIEW
Masanori Yamaguchi, Kenji Yamamoto
The human intestinal tract is inhabited by a tremendous number of microorganisms, which are collectively termed "the gut microbiota". The intestinal epithelium is covered with a dense layer of mucus that prevents penetration of the gut microbiota into underlying tissues of the host. Recent studies have shown that the maturation and function of the mucus layer are strongly influenced by the gut microbiota, and alteration in the structure and function of the gut microbiota is implicated in several diseases. Because the intestinal mucus layer is at a crucial interface between microbes and their host, its breakdown leads to gut bacterial invasion that can eventually cause inflammation and infection...
June 15, 2023: Glycoconjugate Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37049615/pomegranate-extract-affects-gut-biofilm-forming-bacteria-and-promotes-intestinal-mucosal-healing-regulating-the-crosstalk-between-epithelial-cells-and-intestinal-fibroblasts
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Rizzo, Samuel Elias Pineda Chavez, Elisa Vandenkoornhuyse, Cindy Lorena Cárdenas Rincón, Valeria Cento, Valentina Garlatti, Marek Wozny, Giusy Sammarco, Alessia Di Claudio, Lisa Meanti, Sudharshan Elangovan, Andrea Romano, Giulia Roda, Laura Loy, Arianna Dal Buono, Roberto Gabbiadini, Sara Lovisa, Roberto Rusconi, Alessandro Repici, Alessandro Armuzzi, Stefania Vetrano
Background: Pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) can be used to prepare a bioactive extract exerting anti-inflammatory activities. Clinical studies demonstrated an improvement in clinical response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients when pomegranate extract ( PG ) was taken as a complement to standard medications. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are still scarcely investigated. This study investigates the effect of PG on bacterial biofilm formation and the promotion of mucosal wound healing...
April 5, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36993463/unravelling-specific-diet-and-gut-microbial-contributions-to-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#13
Eric Martens, Gabriel Pereira, Marie Boudaud, Mathis Wolter, Celeste Alexander, Alessandro De Sciscio, Erica Grant, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Nicholas Pudlo, Shaleni Singh, Austin Campbell, Mengrou Shan, Li Zhang, Stéphanie Willieme, Kwi Kim, Trisha Denike-Duval, André Bleich, Thomas Schmidt, Lucy Kennedy, Costas Lyssiotis, Grace Chen, Kathryn Eaton, Mahesh Desai
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by periods of spontaneous intestinal inflammation and is increasing in industrialized populations. Combined with host genetic predisposition, diet and gut bacteria are thought to be prominent features contributing to IBD, but little is known about the precise mechanisms involved. Here, we show that low dietary fiber promotes bacterial erosion of protective colonic mucus, leading to lethal colitis in mice lacking the IBD-associated cytokine, interleukin-10...
March 13, 2023: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36912232/o-mucin-degrading-carbohydrate-active-enzymes-and-their-possible-implication-in-inflammatory-bowel-diseases
#14
REVIEW
Aurore Labourel, Jean-Luc Parrou, Céline Deraison, Muriel Mercier-Bonin, Sophie Lajus, Gabrielle Potocki-Veronese
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are modern diseases, with incidence rising around the world. They are associated with perturbation of the intestinal microbiota, and with alteration and crossing of the mucus barrier by the commensal bacteria that feed on it. In the process of mucus catabolism and invasion by gut bacteria, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play a critical role since mucus is mainly made up by O- and N-glycans. Moreover, the occurrence of IBD seems to be associated with low-fiber diets. Conversely, supplementation with oligosaccharides, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are structurally similar to intestinal mucins and could thus compete with them towards bacterial mucus-degrading CAZymes, has been suggested to prevent inflammation...
April 18, 2023: Essays in Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36894983/il-22-alters-gut-microbiota-composition-and-function-to-increase-aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor-activity-in-mice-and-humans
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jordan S Mar, Naruhisa Ota, Nick D Pokorzynski, Yutian Peng, Allan Jaochico, Dewakar Sangaraju, Elizabeth Skippington, Annemarie N Lekkerkerker, Michael E Rothenberg, Man-Wah Tan, Tangsheng Yi, Mary E Keir
BACKGROUND: IL-22 is induced by aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling and plays a critical role in gastrointestinal barrier function through effects on antimicrobial protein production, mucus secretion, and epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation, giving it the potential to modulate the microbiome through these direct and indirect effects. Furthermore, the microbiome can in turn influence IL-22 production through the synthesis of L-tryptophan (L-Trp)-derived AhR ligands, creating the prospect of a host-microbiome feedback loop...
March 9, 2023: Microbiome
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36791326/targeted-computed-tomography-visualization-and-healing-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-by-orally-delivered-bacterial-flagella-inspired-polydiiododiacetylene-nanofibers
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingming Yin, Yu Chen, Xiaoming Liu, Sidan Tian, Liyuan Zhao, Yaowei Bai, Hao Wang, Jinfeng Lin, Dawei Jiang, Ziqiao Lei, Fanling Meng, De'an Tian, Liang Luo
Accurate diagnosis and timely therapeutic intervention of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is essential in preventing the progression of the disease, although it still represents an insurmountable challenge. Here we report the design of bacterial-flagella-inspired polydiiododiacetylene (PIDA) nanofibers and its performance in targeted computed tomography (CT) imaging and on-demand therapeutic intervention of IBD. With a morphology mimicking bacterial flagella, PIDA nanofibers attach on the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract after oral administration, evenly distributing on the GI surface to portray the GI lining under CT scan within 2 h...
February 28, 2023: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36759174/tannins-amount-determines-whether-tannase-containing-bacteria-are-probiotic-or-pathogenic-in-ibd
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiuyue He, Kenan Guo, Lulu Wang, Fei Xie, Qingyuan Zhao, Xianhong Jiang, Zhongming He, Peng Wang, Shiqiang Li, Yan Huang, Cong Zhang, Rongjuan Huang, Yang Liu, Fengchao Wang, Xiaoyang Zhou, Rong Niu, Tao Zuo, Yong Wang, Chuangen Li
The role of dietary tannin in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still not clear. Therefore, we aim to study the effect of TA in the progression of IBD. Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced model was used to mimic IBD. Metagenomics and metabolomics were performed to study the alteration of intestinal microbiota and metabolites. NCM460 and THP-1 cells were used for in vitro study. The amount of TA was associated with the outcomes of DSS-induced IBD as evidenced by in vivo and in vitro studies. Metabolomic and metagenomic analyses revealed that TA-induced enrichment of microbial metabolite gallic acid (GA) was responsible for the action of TA...
May 2023: Life Science Alliance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36738733/autophagy-controls-mucus-secretion-from-intestinal-goblet-cells-by-alleviating-er-stress
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Naama, Shahar Telpaz, Aya Awad, Shira Ben-Simon, Sarina Harshuk-Shabso, Sonia Modilevsky, Elad Rubin, Jasmin Sawaed, Lilach Zelik, Mor Zigdon, Nofar Asulin, Sondra Turjeman, Michal Werbner, Supapit Wongkuna, Rachel Feeney, Bjoern O Schroeder, Abraham Nyska, Meital Nuriel-Ohayon, Shai Bel
Colonic goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus to physically separate the host and its microbiota, thus preventing bacterial invasion and inflammation. How goblet cells control the amount of mucus they secrete is unclear. We found that constitutive activation of autophagy in mice via Beclin 1 enables the production of a thicker and less penetrable mucus layer by reducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Accordingly, genetically inhibiting Beclin 1-induced autophagy impairs mucus secretion, while pharmacologically alleviating ER stress results in excessive mucus production...
January 31, 2023: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36430737/biofilms-and-benign-colonic-diseases
#19
REVIEW
Busara Songtanin, Christopher J Peterson, Adebayo J Molehin, Kenneth Nugent
The colon has a very large surface area that is covered by a dense mucus layer. The biomass in the colon includes 500-1000 bacterial species at concentrations of ~1012 colony-forming units per gram of feces. The intestinal epithelial cells and the commensal bacteria in the colon have a symbiotic relationship that results in nutritional support for the epithelial cells by the bacteria and maintenance of the optimal commensal bacterial population by colonic host defenses. Bacteria can form biofilms in the colon, but the exact frequency is uncertain because routine methods to undertake colonoscopy (i...
November 17, 2022: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36419796/ultra-processed-foods-as-a-possible-culprit-for-the-rising-prevalence-of-inflammatory-bowel-diseases
#20
REVIEW
Eva Vissers, Judith Wellens, João Sabino
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and the exact pathogenesis is still unclear. It is believed that IBD develops in response to a complex interaction between the microbiota, environmental factors, and the immune system, in genetically predisposed individuals. Identifying these environmental factors will offer more insight in the development of the disease, and reveal new therapeutic targets for IBD patients. One of the environmental factors that has gained more interest over the last years is our diet...
2022: Frontiers in Medicine
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