keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33558653/regulation-of-host-and-virus-genes-by-neuronal-mir-138-favours-herpes-simplex-virus-1-latency
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boqiang Sun, Xuewei Yang, Fujun Hou, Xiaofeng Yu, Qiongyan Wang, Hyung Suk Oh, Priya Raja, Jean M Pesola, Emilia A H Vanni, Seamus McCarron, Jenna Morris-Love, Alex H M Ng, George M Church, David M Knipe, Donald M Coen, Dongli Pan
MicroRNA miR-138, which is highly expressed in neurons, represses herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) lytic cycle genes by targeting viral ICP0 messenger RNA, thereby promoting viral latency in mice. We found that overexpressed miR-138 also represses lytic processes independently of ICP0 in murine and human neuronal cells; therefore, we investigated whether miR-138 has targets besides ICP0. Using genome-wide RNA sequencing/photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation followed by short interfering RNA knockdown of candidate targets, we identified the host Oct-1 and Foxc1 messenger mRNAs as miR-138's targets, whose gene products are transcription factors important for HSV-1 replication in neuronal cells...
May 2021: Nature Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33546553/latency-associated-transcript-derived-micrornas-in-herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-target-smad3-and-smad4-in-tgf-%C3%AE-smad-signaling-pathway
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Shojaei Jeshvaghani, Ehsan Arefian, Sara Asgharpour, Masoud Soleimani
Background: During its latent infection, HSV-1 produces only a miRNA precursor called LAT, which encodes six distinct miRNAs. Recent studies have suggested that some of these miRNAs could target cellular mRNAs. One of the key cell signaling pathways that can be affected by HSV-1 is the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Herein, we investigated the potential role of the LAT as well as three LAT-derived miRNAs in targetting SMAD3 and SMAD4, as two main mediators in TGF-β/Smad. Methods: The selection of LAT-derived miRNAs was based on the search results obtained from an online miRNA prediction tool...
February 6, 2021: Iranian Biomedical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33355229/oncr-177-an-oncolytic-hsv-1-designed-to-potently-activate-systemic-antitumor-immunity
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian B Haines, Agnieszka Denslow, Peter Grzesik, Jennifer S Lee, Terry Farkaly, Jacqueline Hewett, Daniel Wambua, Lingxin Kong, Prajna Behera, Judith Jacques, Caitlin Goshert, Michael Ball, Allison Colthart, Mitchel H Finer, Melissa W Hayes, Sonia Feau, Edward M Kennedy, Lorena Lerner, Christophe Quéva
ONCR-177 is an engineered recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) with complementary safety mechanisms, including tissue-specific microRNA (miR) attenuation and mutant UL37 to inhibit replication, neuropathic activity, and latency in normal cells. ONCR-177 is armed with five transgenes for IL12, FLT3LG (extracellular domain [ECD]), CCL4, and antagonists to immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4. In vitro assays demonstrated that targeted miRs could efficiently suppress ONCR-177 replication and transgene expression, as could the HSV-1 standard-of-care therapy acyclovir...
December 22, 2020: Cancer Immunology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33235722/autophagy-related-16-like-1-is-influenced-by-human-herpes-virus-1-encoded-micrornas-in-biopsy-samples-from-the-lower-esophageal-sphincter-muscle-during-per-oral-endoscopic-myotomy-for-esophageal-achalasia
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tsutomu Kanda, Akira Yoshida, Yuichiro Ikebuchi, Haruo Ikeda, Takuki Sakaguchi, Shigetoshi Urabe, Hitomi Minami, Kazuhiko Nakao, Haruhiro Inoue, Hajime Isomoto
Esophageal achalasia is characterized by abnormal peristalsis of the esophageal body and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES); however, its etiology remains unknown. One of the potential causes of esophageal achalasia is herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Following infection with HSV-1, a complex interaction between the autoimmune and inflammatory responses is initiated. Viral microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) serve a crucial role in this interaction. In the present study, the expression of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component n-recognition 1 ( UBR1 ) and autophagy-related 16-like 1 ( ATG16L1 ) was assessed in patients with sporadic and classic achalasia as potential targets of the viral miRNAs...
January 2021: Biomedical Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33208453/herpes-simplex-virus-1-microrna-mir-h8-is-dispensable-for-latency-and-reactivation-in-vivo
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enrico R Barrozo, Sanae Nakayama, Pankaj Singh, Donna M Neumann, David C Bloom
The regulatory functions of 10 individual viral microRNAs (miRNAs) that are abundantly expressed from the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) region remain largely unknown. Here, we focus on HSV-1 miRNA miR-H8, which is within the LAT 3p exon, antisense to the first intron of ICP0, and has previously been shown to target a host glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchoring pathway. However, the functions of this miRNA have not been assessed in the context of the viral genome during infection...
January 28, 2021: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32953982/design-of-an-interferon-resistant-oncolytic-hsv-1-incorporating-redundant-safety-modalities-for-improved-tolerability
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edward M Kennedy, Terry Farkaly, Peter Grzesik, Jennifer Lee, Agnieszka Denslow, Jacqueline Hewett, Jeffrey Bryant, Prajna Behara, Caitlin Goshert, Daniel Wambua, Ana De Almeida, Judith Jacques, Damian Deavall, James B Rottman, Joseph C Glorioso, Mitchell H Finer, Brian B Haines, Christophe Quéva, Lorena Lerner
Development of next-generation oncolytic viruses requires the design of vectors that are potently oncolytic, immunogenic in human tumors, and well tolerated in patients. Starting with a joint-region deleted herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) to create large transgene capability, we retained a single copy of the ICP34.5 gene, introduced mutations in UL37 to inhibit retrograde axonal transport, and inserted cell-type-specific microRNA (miRNA) target cassettes in HSV-1 genes essential for replication or neurovirulence...
September 25, 2020: Molecular Therapy Oncolytics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32545507/immune-response-to-herpes-simplex-virus-infection-and-vaccine-development
#27
REVIEW
Anthony C Ike, Chisom J Onu, Chukwuebuka M Ononugbo, Eleazar E Reward, Sophia O Muo
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are among the most common viral infections and usually last for a lifetime. The virus can potentially be controlled with vaccines since humans are the only known host. However, despite the development and trial of many vaccines, this has not yet been possible. This is normally attributed to the high latency potential of the virus. Numerous immune cells, particularly the natural killer cells and interferon gamma and pathways that are used by the body to fight HSV infections have been identified...
June 12, 2020: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32477330/pathogenesis-of-herpes-stromal-keratitis-immune-inflammatory-response-mediated-by-inflammatory-regulators
#28
REVIEW
Li Wang, Runbiao Wang, Chuyang Xu, Hongyan Zhou
Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is one of the primary diseases that cause vision loss or even blindness after herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 infection. HSK-associated vision impairment is predominantly due to corneal scarring and neovascularization caused by inflammation. In the infected cornea, HSV can activate innate and adaptive immune responses of host cells, which triggers a cascade of reactions that leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, microRNA, and other regulatory factors that have stimulating or inhibitory effects on tissue...
2020: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32295910/deletion-of-herpes-simplex-virus-1-micrornas-mir-h1-and-mir-h6-impairs-reactivation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enrico R Barrozo, Sanae Nakayama, Pankaj Singh, Donna M Neumann, David C Bloom
During all stages of infection HSV-1 expresses viral miRNAs. There are at least 20 confirmed HSV-1 miRNAs, yet the roles of individual miRNAs in the context of viral infection remain largely uncharacterized. We constructed a recombinant virus lacking the sequences for miR-H1-5p and miR-H6-3p (17dmiR-H1/H6). The seed sequences for these miRNAs are antisense to each other and are transcribed from divergent non-coding RNAs in the latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoter region. Comparing phenotypes exhibited by the recombinant virus lacking these miRNAs to the wild-type (17 syn +), we found that during acute infection in cell culture 17dmiR-H1/H6 exhibited a modest increase in viral yields...
April 15, 2020: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32229114/two-stage-genome-wide-association-study-for-the-identification-of-causal-variants-underlying-hoof-disorders-in-cattle
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Suchocki, Ch Egger-Danner, H Schwarzenbacher, J Szyda
Feet and legs disorders influence dairy cattle breeding by their effect on animal welfare, economic losses due to lower production and fertility, costs of treatment, and problems with herd management. In our study, we estimated heritabilities and performed a 2-step GWAS for 3 traits describing hoof health: hoof health status defined by a veterinarian (HSV), hoof health status defined by a claw trimmer (HSC), and the total number of hoof disorders (NHD), scored in 1,998 Fleckvieh and 979 Braunvieh cows. The individuals were genotyped with a high-density (HD) panel consisting of 76,934 SNP...
May 2020: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32072398/human-alpha-and-beta-herpesviruses-and-cancer-passengers-or-foes
#31
REVIEW
František Golais, Veronika Mrázová
Based on seroepidemiological studies, human herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) are put in relation with a number of cancer diseases; however, they do not appear to play a direct role, being only considered cofactors. Their ability to transform the cells in vitro could be demonstrated experimentally by removing their high lytic ability by a certain dose of UV radiation or by photoinactivation in the presence of photosensitizers, such as neutral red or methylene blue, or culturing under conditions suppressing their lytic activity...
June 2020: Folia Microbiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31620193/inhibition-of-herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-replication-by-novel-hsa-mir-7704-in-vitro
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehdi Shabani, Bahram Nasr Esfahani, Bahar Sadegh Ehdaei, Sharareh Moghim, Arezoo Mirzaei, Mohammadreza Sharifi, Leili Mouhebat
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections are one of the most common diseases in human population. HSV-1 causes subclinical, mild to severe diseases, especially in immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir has been used to reduce manifestations of HSV-1 infections. The extensive use of this drug has led to the development of resistant strains. Thus, designing a novel anti-herpes drug with different mechanisms of action is urgently needed. Cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) have direct antiviral effects in addition to their regulatory functions...
April 2019: Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31325192/identification-of-human-herpes-virus-1-encoded-micrornas-in-biopsy-samples-of-lower-esophageal-sphincter-muscle-during-per-oral-endoscopic-myotomy-for-esophageal-achalasia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ikebuchi Yuichiro, Tsutomu Kanda, Haruo Ikeda, Akira Yoshida, Takuki Sakaguchi, Shigetoshi Urabe, Hitomi Minami, Kazuhiko Nakao, Satoshi Kuwamoto, Haruhiro Inoue, Hajime Isomoto
Esophageal achalasia is a rare chronic debilitating disorder characterized by incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation and abnormal peristalsis due to myenteric plexus degeneration. Although complex interactions among immunity, viruses and inheritance have been proposed, its causes remain unknown. MicroRNAs (miRs) play crucial roles in regulation of gene expression during pathophysiological processes. Certain viruses representing herpes simplex virus (HSV) encode miRs derived from their own genomes...
July 20, 2019: Digestive Endoscopy: Official Journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31200742/hippocampal-stem-cells-promotes-synaptic-resistance-to-the-dysfunctional-impact-of-amyloid-beta-oligomers-via-secreted-exosomes
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria-Adelaide Micci, Balaji Krishnan, Elizabeth Bishop, Wen-Ru Zhang, Jutatip Guptarak, Auston Grant, Olga Zolochevska, Batbayar Tumurbaatar, Whitney Franklin, Claudia Marino, Steven G Widen, Arjun Luthra, Steven G Kernie, Giulio Taglialatela
BACKGROUND: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and cogntive function. We reported that higher numbers of neural stem cells (NSC) in the hippocampus of cognitively-intact individuals with high Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (plaques and tangles) is associated with decreased synaptic amyloid beta oligomers (Aβο), an event linked to onset of dementia in AD. While these findings suggest a link between NSC and synaptic resistance to Aβο, the involved mechanism remains to be determined...
June 14, 2019: Molecular Neurodegeneration
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30953292/hsv-2-encoded-mirna-h4-regulates-cell-cycle-progression-and-act-d-induced-apoptosis-in-hela-cells-by-targeting-cdkl2-and-cdkn2a
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Zhao, Jingjing Yang, Yan Liu, Jianyong Fan, Huilan Yang
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by latency-associated transcript are associated with both latent and acute stages of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection. In this study, miRNA-H4-5p and miRNA-H4-3p were ectopically expressed in HeLa cells to explore potential cellular targets of viral miRNAs and demonstrate their potential biological functions. The results showed that miRNA-H4-5p could reverse apoptosis induced by actinomycin D (Act-D) and promote cell cycle progression, but miRNA-H4-3p had no such obvious functions...
April 5, 2019: Virologica Sinica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30755517/herpes-simplex-virus-1-lytic-infection-blocks-microrna-mirna-biogenesis-at-the-stage-of-nuclear-export-of-pre-mirnas
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongli Pan, Gang Li, Jenna Morris-Love, Shuyuan Qi, Lei Feng, Max E Mertens, Igor Jurak, David M Knipe, Donald M Coen
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) switches between two infection programs, productive ("lytic") and latent infection. Some HSV-1 microRNAs (miRNAs) have been hypothesized to help control this switch, and yet little is known about regulation of their expression. Using Northern blot analyses, we found that, despite inherent differences in biogenesis efficiency among six HSV-1 miRNAs, all six exhibited high pre-miRNA/miRNA ratios during lytic infection of different cell lines and, when detectable, in acutely infected mouse trigeminal ganglia...
February 12, 2019: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30477082/herpes-simplex-virus-1-deregulation-of-host-micrornas
#37
REVIEW
Maja Cokarić Brdovčak, Andreja Zubković, Igor Jurak
Viruses utilize microRNAs (miRNAs) in a vast variety of possible interactions and mechanisms, apparently far beyond the classical understanding of gene repression in humans. Likewise, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) expresses numerous miRNAs and deregulates the expression of host miRNAs. Several HSV-1 miRNAs are abundantly expressed in latency, some of which are encoded antisense to transcripts of important productive infection genes, indicating their roles in repressing the productive cycle and/or in maintenance/reactivation from latency...
November 23, 2018: Non-Coding RNA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30465046/a-novel-oncolytic-herpes-simplex-virus-design-based-on-the-common-overexpression-of-microrna-21-in-tumors
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Marzulli, L Mazzacurati, M Zhang, W F Goins, M E Hatley, J C Glorioso, J B Cohen
Background: Recognition sequences for microRNAs (miRs) that are down-regulated in tumor cells have recently been used to render lytic viruses tumor-specific. Since different tumor types down-regulate different miRs, this strategy requires virus customization to the target tumor. We have explored a feature that is shared by many tumor types, the up-regulation of miR-21, as a means to generate an oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) that is applicable to a broad range of cancers. Methods: We assembled an expression construct for a dominant-negative (dn) form of the essential HSV replication factor UL 9 and inserted tandem copies of the miR-21 recognition sequence (T21) in the 3' untranslated region...
October 2018: Journal of Gene Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30441970/a-possible-role-of-human-herpes-viruses-belonging-to-the-subfamily-alphaherpesvirinae-in-the-development-of-some-cancers
#39
REVIEW
Mrázová Veronika, Golais František, Búda
Seroepidemiological studies suggest that human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) are linked with several types of cancer; however, they do not appear to play a direct role and are considered to be cofactors. The abilities of HSV-1 and -2 to transform cells in vitro can be demonstrated by suppressing their lytic ability via irradiation with a specific dose of ultraviolet light, photoinactivation in the presence of photosensitizers (e.g., neutral red or methylene blue), and culture under specific conditions...
December 0: Klinická Onkologie: Casopis Ceské a Slovenské Onkologické Spolecnosti
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29720520/herpes-simplex-virus-2-latency-associated-transcript-lat-region-mutations-do-not-identify-a-role-for-lat-associated-micrornas-in-viral-reactivation-in-guinea-pig-genital-models
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoshiki Kawamura, Marta Bosch-Marce, Shuang Tang, Amita Patel, Philip R Krause
Despite the long-standing observation that herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoter deletion viruses show impaired recurrence phenotypes in relevant animal models, the mechanism by which these sequences exert this phenotypic effect is unknown. We constructed and evaluated four mutant HSV-2 isolates with targeted mutations in the LAT promoter and LAT-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) affecting (i) the LAT TATA box; (ii) the LAT ICP4-binding site; (iii) miRNA I (miR-I) and miR-II (miR-I/II), which both target ICP34...
July 15, 2018: Journal of Virology
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