keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504927/sonomechanobiology-vibrational-stimulation-of-cells-and-its-therapeutic-implications
#21
REVIEW
Lizebona August Ambattu, Leslie Y Yeo
All cells possess an innate ability to respond to a range of mechanical stimuli through their complex internal machinery. This comprises various mechanosensory elements that detect these mechanical cues and diverse cytoskeletal structures that transmit the force to different parts of the cell, where they are transcribed into complex transcriptomic and signaling events that determine their response and fate. In contrast to static (or steady ) mechanostimuli primarily involving constant-force loading such as compression, tension, and shear (or forces applied at very low oscillatory frequencies (<mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...
June 2023: Biophysics reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504469/oligodendrocyte-progenitor-cells-fate-after-neonatal-asphyxia-puzzling-implications-for-the-development-of-hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justyna Janowska, Justyna Gargas, Karolina Zajdel, Michal Wieteska, Kamil Lipinski, Malgorzata Ziemka-Nalecz, Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz, Joanna Sypecka
Premature birth or complications during labor can cause temporary disruption of cerebral blood flow, often followed by long-term disturbances in brain development called hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy. Diffuse damage to the white matter is the most frequently detected pathology in this condition. We hypothesized that oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation disturbed by mild neonatal asphyxia may affect the viability, maturation, and physiological functioning of oligodendrocytes. To address this issue, we studied the effect of temporal HI in the in vivo model in P7 rats with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), microscopy techniques and biochemical analyses...
March 19, 2024: Brain Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503384/exploiting-transcription-factors-to-target-emt-and-cancer-stem-cells-for-tumor-modulation-and-therapy
#23
REVIEW
Abdul Q Khan, Adria Hasan, Snober S Mir, Khalid Rashid, Shahab Uddin, Martin Stienhoff
Transcription factors (TFs) are essential in controlling gene regulatory networks that determine cellular fate during embryogenesis and tumor development. TFs are the major players in promoting cancer stemness by regulating the function of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Understanding how TFs interact with their downstream targets for determining cell fate during embryogenesis and tumor development is a critical area of research. CSCs are increasingly recognized for their significance in tumorigenesis and patient prognosis, as they play a significant role in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance...
March 17, 2024: Seminars in Cancer Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502478/fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization-as-a-tool-for-studying-the-specification-and-differentiation-of-cell-types-in-nematostella-vectensis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Océane Tournière, Henriette Busengdal, James M Gahan, Fabian Rentzsch
The sea anemone Nematostella vectensis is a genetically tractable cnidarian species that has become a model organism for studying the evolution of developmental processes and genome regulation, resilience to fluctuations in environmental conditions, and the response to pollutants. Gene expression analyses are central to many of these studies, and in situ hybridization has been an important method for obtaining spatial information, in particular during embryonic development. Like other cnidarians, Nematostella embryos are of comparably low morphological complexity, but they possess many cell types that are dispersed throughout the tissue and originate from broad and overlapping areas...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497624/high-resolution-three-dimensional-whole-organ-tomography-of-microbial-infections
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiagui Li, Alaa Alhayek, Heng Wang, Dirk Bumann
Most infections take place within three-dimensional host tissues with intricate anatomy and locally varying host physiology. The positioning of pathogen cells within this diverse environment significantly affects their stress levels, responses, fate, and contribution to the overall progression of the disease and treatment failure. However, due to the technical difficulties in locating µm-sized pathogen cells within cm-sized host organs, this area of research has been relatively unexplored. Here, we present a method for addressing this challenge...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496419/temporally-resolved-early-bmp-driven-transcriptional-cascade-during-human-amnion-specification
#26
Nikola Sekulovski, Jenna C Wettstein, Amber E Carleton, Lauren N Juga, Linnea E Taniguchi, Xiaolong Ma, Sridhar Rao, Jenna K Schmidt, Thaddeus G Golos, Chien-Wei Lin, Kenichiro Taniguchi
Amniogenesis, a process critical for continuation of healthy pregnancy, is triggered in a collection of pluripotent epiblast cells as the human embryo implants. Previous studies have established that BMP signaling is a major driver of this lineage specifying process, but the downstream BMP-dependent transcriptional networks that lead to successful amniogenesis remain to be identified. This is, in part, due to the current lack of a robust and reproducible model system that enables mechanistic investigations exclusively into amniogenesis...
March 6, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495874/asymmetric-t-cell-division-insights-from-cutting-edge-experimental-techniques-and-implications-for-immunotherapy
#27
REVIEW
Yaroslav Kaminskiy, Irina Ganeeva, Vitaly Chasov, Anna Kudriaeva, Emil Bulatov
Asymmetric cell division is a fundamental process conserved throughout evolution, employed by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Its significance lies in its ability to govern cell fate and facilitate the generation of diverse cell types. Therefore, attaining a detailed mechanistic understanding of asymmetric cell division becomes essential for unraveling the complexities of cell fate determination in both healthy and pathological conditions. However, the role of asymmetric division in T-cell biology has only recently been unveiled...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492892/amphiregulin-switches-progenitor-cell-fate-for-lineage-commitment-during-gastric-mucosal-regeneration
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su-Hyung Lee, Yoonkyung Won, David Gibbs, Brianna Caldwell, Anna Goldstein, Eunyoung Choi, James R Goldenring
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Isthmic progenitors, tissue-specific stem cells in the stomach corpus, maintain mucosal homeostasis by balancing between proliferation and differentiation to gastric epithelial lineages. The progenitor cells rapidly adopt an active state in response to mucosal injury. However, it remains unclear how the isthmic progenitor cell niche is controlled during the regeneration of damaged epithelium. METHODS: We recapitulated tissue recovery process after acute mucosal injury in the mouse stomach...
March 14, 2024: Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488018/temporally-distinct-roles-of-aurora-a-in-polarization-of-the-c-elegans-zygote
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia I Manzi, Bailey N de Jesus, Yu Shi, Daniel J Dickinson
During asymmetric cell division, cell polarity is coordinated with the cell cycle to allow proper inheritance of cell fate determinants and generation of cellular diversity. In the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) zygote, polarity is governed by evolutionarily conserved Partitioning-defective (PAR) proteins that segregate to opposing cortical domains to specify asymmetric cell fates. Timely establishment of PAR domains requires a cell cycle kinase, Aurora A (AIR-1 in C. elegans). Aurora A depletion by RNAi causes a spectrum of phenotypes including reversed polarity, excess posterior domains, and no posterior domain...
March 15, 2024: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487536/intratumoral-cxcr4-hi-neutrophils-display-ferroptotic-and-immunosuppressive-signatures-in-hepatoblastoma
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhengjing Lu, Xiaolin Wang, Jun Feng, Wenjia Chai, Wei Wang, Qixin Wang, Shen Yang, Wei Yang, Yan Su, Wenjun Mou, Yun Peng, Huanmin Wang, Jingang Gui
Pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common primary liver malignancy in infants and children. With great diversity and plasticity, tumor-infiltrating neutrophils were one of the most determining factors for poor prognosis in many malignant tumors. In this study, through bulk RNA sequencing for sorted blood and tumor-infiltrated neutrophils and comparison of neutrophils in tumor and para-tumor tissue by single-cell sequencing, we found that intratumoral neutrophils were composed of heterogenous functional populations at different development stages...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485281/lx-2-stellate-cells-are-a-model-system-for-investigating-the-regulation-of-hepatic-vitamin-a-metabolism-and-respond-to-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-and-interleukin-1-beta
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lindsay C Czuba, Nina Isoherranen
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are the major site of vitamin A (retinol) esterification and subsequent storage as retinyl esters within lipid droplets. However, retinyl esters become depleted in many pathophysiological states, including acute and chronic liver injuries. Recently, using a liver slice culture system as a model of acute liver injury and fibrogenesis, a time-dependent increase and decrease in the apparent formation of the bioactive retinoid all- trans -retinoic acid ( at RA) and retinyl palmitate was measured, respectively...
March 14, 2024: Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the Biological Fate of Chemicals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485100/macrophage-phenotype-is-determinant-for-fibrosis-development-in-keloid-disease
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zélie Dirand, Mélissa Maraux, Marion Tissot, Brice Chatelain, Dorothy Supp, Céline Viennet, Sylvain Perruche, Gwenaël Rolin
Keloid refers to a fibroproliferative disorder characterized by an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components at the dermis level, overgrowth beyond initial wound, and formation of tumor-like nodule areas. Treating keloid is still an unmet clinical need and the lack of an efficient therapy is clearly related to limited knowledge about keloid etiology, despite the growing interest of the scientific community in this pathology. In past decades, keloids were often studied in vitro through the sole prism of fibroblasts considered as the major effector of ECM deposition...
March 12, 2024: Matrix Biology: Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478247/nuclear-transcription-factor-detection
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph A Straub, Jamie J Newman
Cellular fate is determined by the activity of nuclear transcription factors. Here, we describe a series of protocols for detecting transcription factors at both the transcript and protein levels in human adipose cells. Methods for analysis of transcript include RNA extraction, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), endpoint PCR, and RT-qPCR. Evaluation of protein expression includes protocols for protein extraction, quantification by Bradford assay, SDS-PAGE, western blotting, and quantification with ImageJ...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477614/cd4-t-cell-derived-il-21-is-critical-for-sustaining-plasmodium-infection-induced-germinal-center-responses-and-promoting-the-selection-of-memory-b-cells-with-recall-potential
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jordan T Johnson, Fionna A Surette, Graham R Ausdal, Manan Shah, Allen M Minns, Scott E Lindner, Ryan A Zander, Noah S Butler
Development of Plasmodium-specific humoral immunity is critically dependent on CD4 Th cell responses and germinal center (GC) reactions during blood-stage Plasmodium infection. IL-21, a cytokine primarily produced by CD4 T cells, is an essential regulator of affinity maturation, isotype class-switching, B cell differentiation, and maintenance of GC reactions in response to many infection and immunization models. In models of experimental malaria, mice deficient in IL-21 or its receptor IL-21R fail to develop memory B cell populations and are not protected against secondary infection...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474405/the-role-of-oxidative-stress-in-tumorigenesis-and-progression
#35
REVIEW
Kexin Li, Zhangyuzi Deng, Chunran Lei, Xiaoqing Ding, Jing Li, Changshan Wang
Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the endogenous antioxidant defense system. Its involvement in cell senescence, apoptosis, and series diseases has been demonstrated. Advances in carcinogenic research have revealed oxidative stress as a pivotal pathophysiological pathway in tumorigenesis and to be involved in lung cancer, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, and so on. This review combs the effects of oxidative stress on tumorigenesis on each phase and cell fate determination, and three features are discussed...
March 2, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474329/the-wnt-co-receptor-ptk7-otk-and-its-homolog-otk-2-in-neurogenesis-and-patterning
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Hui Tan, Agimaa Otgonbaatar, Prameet Kaur, Angelica Faye Ga, Nathan P Harmston, Nicholas S Tolwinski
Wnt signaling is a highly conserved metazoan pathway that plays a crucial role in cell fate determination and morphogenesis during development. Wnt ligands can induce disparate cellular responses. The exact mechanism behind these different outcomes is not fully understood but may be due to interactions with different receptors on the cell membrane. PTK7/Otk is a transmembrane receptor that is implicated in various developmental and physiological processes including cell polarity, cell migration, and invasion...
February 20, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473801/identification-of-bzip-transcription-factors-that-regulate-the-development-of-leaf-epidermal-cells-in-arabidopsis-thaliana-by-single-cell-rna-sequencing
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Wu, Zhixin Liu, Susu Sun, Aizhi Qin, Hao Liu, Yaping Zhou, Weiqiang Li, Yumeng Liu, Mengke Hu, Jincheng Yang, Jean-David Rochaix, Guoyong An, Luis Herrera-Estrella, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Xuwu Sun
Epidermal cells are the main avenue for signal and material exchange between plants and the environment. Leaf epidermal cells primarily include pavement cells, guard cells, and trichome cells. The development and distribution of different epidermal cells are tightly regulated by a complex transcriptional regulatory network mediated by phytohormones, including jasmonic acid, and transcription factors. How the fate of leaf epidermal cells is determined, however, is still largely unknown due to the diversity of cell types and the complexity of their regulation...
February 22, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473715/knockdown-of-dnmt1-induces-slco3a1-to-promote-follicular-growth-by-enhancing-the-proliferation-of-granulosa-cells-in-mammals
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuo Li, Liqing Zeng, Fen Miao, Nian Li, Weili Liao, Xiaofeng Zhou, Yongcai Chen, Hongyan Quan, Yingting He, Hao Zhang, Jiaqi Li, Xiaolong Yuan
In female mammals, the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) have been shown to determine the fate of follicles. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and SLCO3A1 have been reported to be involved in the survival of GCs and follicular growth. However, the molecular mechanisms enabling DNMTs to regulate the expression of SLCO3A1 to participate in follicular growth are unclear. In this study, we found that the knockdown of DNMT1 enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of SLCO3A1 by regulating the chromatin accessibility probably...
February 20, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473313/spontaneous-fusion-with-transformed-mesenchymal-stromal-cells-results-in-complete-heterogeneity-in-prostate-cancer-cells
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruoxiang Wang, Peizhen Hu, Fubo Wang, Ji Lyu, Yan Ou, Mouad Edderkaoui, Yi Zhang, Michael S Lewis, Stephen J Pandol, Haiyen E Zhau, Leland W K Chung
Tumor cells gain advantages in growth and survival by acquiring genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Interactions with bystander cells in the tumor microenvironment contribute to the progression of heterogeneity. We have shown that fusion between tumor and bystander cells is one form of interaction, and that tumor-bystander cell fusion has contrasting effects. By trapping fusion hybrids in the heterokaryon or synkaryon state, tumor-bystander cell fusion prevents the progression of heterogeneity. However, if trapping fails, fusion hybrids will resume replication to form derivative clones with diverse genomic makeups and behavioral phenotypes...
February 27, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472175/the-hif-1%C3%AE-plod2-axis-integrates-extracellular-matrix-organization-and-cell-metabolism-leading-to-aberrant-musculoskeletal-repair
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heeseog Kang, Amy L Strong, Yuxiao Sun, Lei Guo, Conan Juan, Alec C Bancroft, Ji Hae Choi, Chase A Pagani, Aysel A Fernandes, Michael Woodard, Juhoon Lee, Sowmya Ramesh, Aaron W James, David Hudson, Kevin N Dalby, Lin Xu, Robert J Tower, Benjamin Levi
While hypoxic signaling has been shown to play a role in many cellular processes, its role in metabolism-linked extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and downstream processes of cell fate after musculoskeletal injury remains to be determined. Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating condition where abnormal bone formation occurs within extra-skeletal tissues. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) activation have been shown to promote HO. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the HIF-1α pathway in mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) contributes to pathologic bone formation remain to be elucidated...
March 12, 2024: Bone Research
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