Medical legal partnership

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To substantiate the model of the Regional Center for Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (RCCCS) based on the principles of public-private partnership (PPP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A systematic approach and analysis, medical-statistical and sociological method, expert assessment and method of conceptual modelling. RESULTS: Results: A comprehensive medical and social study of the morbidity rate of the population of the Kyiv region (Ukraine) with circulatory system diseases (CSD), as well as an analysis of the activities of the cardiological service of the Kyiv region in 2010-2019, have been made...

THE PROBLEM: Most U.S. states lack a minimum age of juvenile legal jurisdiction, which leaves young children vulnerable to a harsh, punitive system that causes lifelong adverse health and social outcomes. However, partnership between academics, advocates, and policymakers can catalyze legislative change to set minimum ages. PURPOSE OF ARTICLE: We, an academic pediatrician and social worker, describe our stakeholder-policymaker-academic partnered research that led to the passage of California Senate Bill 439, which excludes children under age 12 from eligibility for juvenile legal prosecution...

BACKGROUND: Biorepositories archive and distribute well-characterized biospecimens for research to support the development of medical diagnostics and therapeutics. Knowledge of biobanking and associated practices is incomplete in low- and middle-income countries where disease burden is disproportionately high. In 2011, the African Society of Human Genetics (AfSHG), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Wellcome Trust founded the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) consortium to promote genomic research in Africa and established a network of three biorepositories regionally located in East, West, and Southern Africa to support biomedical research...

Across the United States, historically imposed structural, social, and environmental variables are intimately connected to poor obstetric outcomes and high maternal and infant mortality rates among Black pregnancy-capable people. Efforts to diminish the effect of these variables include integrating screening for social determinants of health during the perinatal period and treating them with social services, mental health support, and other referrals, including connections to community-based resources. Although helpful, some of these social determinants cannot be overcome without legal advocacy...

Medical error is costly, in terms of the health and wellbeing of the patient, their family, and the financial burden placed on the medical system. Reducing medical error is paramount to minimizing harm and improving outcomes. One potential source of medical error is physician cognitive impairment. Determining how to effectively assess and mange physician cognitive impairment is an important, albeit difficult problem to address. There have been calls and attempts to implement age-based cognitive screening, but this approach is not optimal...

This article traces the development and growth of health justice partnerships (HJPs) in three countries: the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom.

In their joint effort against cancer, all involved parties within the German healthcare system are obligated to report diagnostics, treatments, progression, and follow-up information for tumor patients to the respective cancer registries. Given the federal structure of Germany, the oncological basis dataset (oBDS) operates as the legally required national standard for oncological reporting. Unfortunately, the usage of various documentation software solutions leads to semantic and technical heterogeneity of the data, complicating the establishment of research networks and collective data analysis...

BACKGROUND: Currently, the potential of FT-IR spectroscopy for rapid diagnosis of many pathologies has been demonstrated by numerous research studies including those targeting COVID-19 detection. However, the number of clinicians aware of this potential and who are willing to use spectroscopy in their clinics and hospitals is still negligible. In addition, lack of awareness creates a huge gap between clinicians and researchers involved in clinical translation of current FT-IR technology hence hindering initiatives to bring basic and applied research together for the direct benefit of patients...

THE PROBLEM: Immigration status is an important social determinant of health that can limit access to health care and related services. Few medical legal partnerships (MLPs) address immigration-related legal needs of patients. PURPOSE OF ARTICLE: An immigrant-focused MLP (IMLP) addresses immigration legal needs and provides advice to vulnerable patient-clients and their families regarding potential legal consequences of accessing health care and other public benefits...

Global health programs engaging in isolated or short-term medical missions can and do cause harm, reinforce health care disparities, and impede medical care in the regions where it is so desperately needed. Related ethical, medical, and legal concerns are reviewed in this article. The authors recommend abandoning these ill-considered missions and focusing attention and resources on advancing neurology through ethically congruent, multisectoral, collaborative partnerships to establish sustainable, self-sufficient training programs within low- and middle-income countries...

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of pain and disability. Knee osteoarthritis accounts for nearly four-fifths of the burden of osteoarthritis internationally, and 10% of adults in the United Kingdom have the condition. Shared decision-making (SDM) supports patients to make more informed choices about treatment and care while reducing inequities in access to treatment. We evaluated the experience of a team adapting an SDM tool for knee osteoarthritis and the tool's implementation potential within a local clinical commissioning group (CCG) area in southwest England...

BACKGROUND: Iranian health nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) could play a variety of roles at many levels of Iran's health system, but their participation in the health sector is far from ideal. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify practical solutions for increasing the role and function of NGOs in the Iranian health system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted between 2020 and 2021 in Tehran, Iran. The data for this study were gathered through 32 in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 managers from the Ministry of Health as well as from Iran and Tehran universities of medical sciences and 21 Chief executive officers and directors of health NGOs...

Schools provide important services that cannot be provided virtually to children with medical complexity and children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, yet these children are among the most at risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To keep schools open for children with medical complexity and/or intellectual and developmental disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing at 3 sites across the United States. We evaluated testing strategies for staff and students at each site, including specimen source (nasopharyngeal or saliva), test type (polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen), and frequency and type (screening versus exposure/symptomatic) of testing provided...

This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on low-income, Latinx mothers in Southern California with a history of depression, including undocumented mothers and members of mixed status families. Drawing participants from a parent study that provided a maternal depression intervention to Head Start mothers ( n  = 119), this mixed method study integrates qualitative and quantitative data in a convergent design. Thirty-four mothers completed semi-structured qualitative interviews and standardized questionnaires in the fall of 2020...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a significant milestone in health care's digital transformation. However, traditional health care education and training often lack digital competencies. To promote safe and effective AI implementation, health care professionals must acquire basic knowledge of machine learning and neural networks, critical evaluation of data sets, integration within clinical workflows, bias control, and human-machine interaction in clinical settings. Additionally, they should understand the legal and ethical aspects of digital health care and the impact of AI adoption...

The articles in this issue are divided into 3 categories: 1) increasing our understanding of people's (patients') behaviors; 2) changing how we practice Family Medicine; and 3) rethinking common clinical problems. These categories include multiple topics: nonprescription antibiotic use, recording electronic smoking/vaping, virtual wellness visits, an electronic pharmacist consult service, documenting social determinants of health, medical-legal partnerships, local professionalism, implications of peripheral neuropathy, harm-reduction informed care, decreasing cardiovascular risk, persistent symptoms, and colonoscopy harm...

Objective(s): The opioid crisis affects the health and health care of pregnant and postpartum people and infants prenatally exposed to substances. A Learning Community (LC) among 15 states was implemented to improve services for these populations. States drafted action plans with goals, strategies, and activities. Materials and Methods: Qualitative data from action plans were analyzed to assess how reported activities aligned with focus areas each year. Year 2 focus areas were compared with year 1 to identify shifts or expansion of activities...

BACKGROUND: Legal, controlled, and regulated access to high-quality data from academic hospitals currently poses a barrier to the development and testing of new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. To overcome this barrier, the German Federal Ministry of Health supports the "pAItient" (Protected Artificial Intelligence Innovation Environment for Patient Oriented Digital Health Solutions for developing, testing and evidence-based evaluation of clinical value) project, with the goal to establish an AI Innovation Environment at the Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany...

Despite societal, legal, and cultural improvements in their well-being, sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in the United States still face substantial physical and mental health disparities that are exacerbated by physician stigma and lack of training. Although there have been efforts at medical schools nationwide to address these disparities and interweave SGM health education into existing preclerkship courses, opportunities to practice related clinical skills during the clerkship years remain largely elective...

PURPOSE: To determine whether an immediate referral to a medical-legal partnership (MLP), compared with a 6-month waitlist control, improved mental health, health care use, and quality of life. METHODS: This trial randomly assigned individuals to an immediate referral or a wait-list control. The MLP involved a collaboration between the primary care clinic and a legal services organization. The primary outcome was stress (6 months) as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)...