Taxonomy

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Libelloides sibiricus (Eversmann, 1850) is widely distributed in China, Korea and eastern Russia. To date, few studies have been conducted on this species, with the exception of morphological taxonomy studies. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Libelloides sibiricus , which is 15,811 bp in length, with an overall A + T content of 74.8%, encoding 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and a control region. The gene arrangement and components of L...

BACKGROUND: Ascomycetous budding yeasts are ubiquitous environmental microorganisms important in food production and medicine. Due to recent intensive genomic research, the taxonomy of yeast is becoming more organized based on the identification of monophyletic taxa. This includes genera important to humans, such as Kazachstania. Until now, Kazachstania humilis (previously Candida humilis) was regarded as a sourdough-specific yeast. In addition, any antibacterial activity has not been associated with this species...

Agaricus is a genus with more than 500 species. Most of the new species reported since 2000 are tropical or subtropical. The study area, the Malakand region, located in the north of Pakistan, has a subtropical climate. In this study, nine species, including three new species, of Agaricus subgenus Pseudochitonia , are reported from this region. Description of the new species are based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses using three DNA regions: nuc ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS), fragments of the large subunit of nuc ribosomal DNA (28S), and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene ( TEF1 )...

The alphaproteobacterial order Hyphomicrobiales consists of 38 families comprising at least 152 validly published genera as of January 2024. The order Hyphomicrobiales was first described in 1957 and underwent important revisions in 2020. However, we show that several inconsistencies in the taxonomy of this order remain and we argue that there is a need for a consistent framework for defining families within the order. We propose a common genome-based framework for defining families within the order Hyphomicrobiales , suggesting that families represent monophyletic groups in core-genome phylogenies that share pairwise average amino acid identity values above ~75 % when calculated from a core set of 59 proteins...

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, and slightly halophilic alphaproteobacterium, designated strain EGI FJ00035T , was isolated from enrichment sediment samples of a saline lake in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, PR China. The taxonomic position of the isolate was determined using the polyphasic taxonomic and phylogenomic analyses. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain EGI FJ00035T formed a distinct clade with ' Chelativorans alearense ' UJN715 and ' Chelativorans xinjiangense ' lm93 with sequence similarities of 98...

Fusariviridae is a family of mono-segmented, positive-sense RNA viruses with genome sizes of 5.9-10.7 kb. Most genomic RNAs are bicistronic, but exceptions have up to four predicted ORFs. In bicistronic genomes, the 5'-proximal ORF codes for a single protein with both RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) and RNA helicase (Hel) domains; little is known about the protein encoded by the second ORF. Fusarivirids do not appear to form virions. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Fusariviridae, which is available at ictv...

UNLABELLED: Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae), is a filamentous ascomycete that causes a major disease called blast on cereal crops, as well as on a wide variety of wild and cultivated grasses. Blast diseases have a tremendous impact worldwide particularly on rice and on wheat, where the disease emerged in South America in the 1980s, before spreading to Asia and Africa. Its economic importance, coupled with its amenability to molecular and genetic manipulation, have inspired extensive research efforts aiming at understanding its biology and evolution...

Two new species of the genus Sectonema found in northern Iran are characterized, including morphological descriptions and molecular (18S-, 28S-rDNA) analyses. Sectonema tehranense sp. nov. is distinguished by its 7.22 - 8.53 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 24 - 31 μm wide with perioral lobes and abundant setae- or cilia-like projections covering the oral field, mural tooth 15.5 - 17 μm long at its ventral side, neck 1091 - 1478 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 61 - 71% of the total neck length, female genital system diovarian, uterus simple and 3...

We first sequenced and characterised the complete mitochondrial genome of Toxocara apodeme, then studied the evolutionary relationship of the species within Toxocaridae. The complete mitochondrial genome was amplified using PCR with 14 specific primers. The mitogenome length was 14303 bp in size, including 12 PCGs (encoding 3,423 amino acids), 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and 2 NCRs, with 68.38% A+T contents. The mt genomes of T. apodemi had relatively compact structures with 11 intergenic spacers and 5 overlaps. Comparative analyses of the nucleotide sequences of complete mt genomes showed that T...

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) models using large language models (LLMs) and non-specific domains have gained attention for their innovative information processing. As AI advances, it's essential to regularly evaluate these tools' competency to maintain high standards, prevent errors or biases, and avoid flawed reasoning or misinformation that could harm patients or spread inaccuracies. Our study aimed to determine the performance of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) by OpenAI and Google BARD (BARD) in orthopedic surgery, assess performance based on question types, contrast performance between different AIs and compare AI performance to orthopedic residents...

Post-mining reservoirs are distinguished by characteristic environmental conditions where specific diatom communities can be observed. Reservoirs created as a part of the reclamation plan after human mining activities are marked by unique chemical and physical water parameters. In the course of research on the diatoms from Bogdałów reservoir, we examined the taxonomic and morphological diversity of Nitzschia taxa from the section Lanceolatae occurring in a post-mining lignite reservoir. Our study describes a new species of Nitzschia from a post-mining reservoir, Nitzschianandorii Olszyński, Zakrzewski & Żelazna-Wieczorek, sp...

BACKGROUND: The Potamophylaxwinneguthi species cluster comprises species with limited distribution, currently documented from Kosovo, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bulgaria. NEW INFORMATION: In this paper, we describe a new species, Potamophylaxkosovaensis sp. nov., discovered in two tributaries of the Ibër River Basin, within the Kopaonik Mountains of the Republic of Kosovo. Morphologically, males of this species closely resemble those of P.idliri Ibrahimi, Bilalli & Kučinić, 2022 from Serbia's Jastrebac Mountain and P...

Structured RNA lies at the heart of many central biological processes, from gene expression to catalysis. While advances in deep learning enable the prediction of accurate protein structural models, RNA structure prediction is not possible at present due to a lack of abundant high-quality reference data. Furthermore, available sequence data are generally not associated with organismal phenotypes that could inform RNA function. We created GARNET (Gtdb Acquired RNa with Environmental Temperatures), a new database for RNA structural and functional analysis anchored to the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB)...

The prediction of drug-target interactions (DTI) is a crucial preliminary stage in drug discovery and development, given the substantial risk of failure and the prolonged validation period associated with in vitro and in vivo experiments. In the contemporary landscape, various machine learning-based methods have emerged as indispensable tools for DTI prediction. This paper begins by placing emphasis on the data representation employed by these methods, delineating five representations for drugs and four for proteins...

The recent surge in the discovery of hidden diversity within rheophilic taxa, particularly in West and East Africa, prompted a closer examination of the extent to which the current taxonomy may obscure the diversity of riffle-dwelling suckermouth catfishes in the genus Chiloglanis in southern Africa. Currently, the region comprises eight valid species within this genus. Seven of them have relatively narrow geographic distribution ranges except for C.neumanni , which is considered to be widely distributed, occurring from the Buzi River system in the south, and its northern limit being the eastward draining river systems in Tanzania...

Two new mealybug species, Paracoccusgillianwatsonae Zhang, sp. nov. and P.wui Zhang, sp. nov. , collected from Jiangxi, South China, are described and illustrated based on the morphology of adult females. Paracoccusgillianwatsonae is similar to P.burnerae (Brain, 1915), but it differs in having fewer pairs of cerarii, and in lacking both ventral oral collar tubular ducts on the margins of the head and translucent pores on the hind femur. Paracoccuswui resembles P.keralae Williams, 2004 and P.neocarens (Lit, 1992), but it differs in lacking ventral oral collar tubular ducts on the margins of the head and in having multilocular disc-pores usually in double rows at the posterior edges of abdominal segments V and VI...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: This survey explores Swiss mental health professionals', users', and relatives' opinions on re-naming schizophrenia exploiting Switzerland's specific multilingualism to examine possible effects of linguistic and microcultural differences on the issue. STUDY DESIGN: Opinions on 'schizophrenia' were collected using a self-rated online questionnaire incl. Freetext answers available in the three main Swiss languages, German, French and Italian...

The objectives of this network meta-analysis were: (a) to estimate and compare the pooled effects of some injury prevention programs (IPPs) whose exercise-based components were categorized using a movement pattern-specific taxonomy on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidences in youth team sport athletes and (b) to explore the individual effects of these components on the injury incidence rates (IIRs) previously mentioned. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library...

The highly potent toxin cereulide is a frequent cause of foodborne intoxications. This extremely resistant toxin is produced by Bacillus cereus group strains carrying the plasmid encoded cesHPTABCD gene cluster. It is known that the capacities to produce cereulide vary greatly between different strains but the genetic background of these variations is not clear. In this study, cereulide production capacities were associated with genetic characteristics. For this, cereulide levels in cultures of 31 strains were determined after incubation in tryptic soy broth for 24 h at 24 °C, 30 °C and 37 °C...