gram negative rod pneumonia

In this study, the genetic differences and clinical impact of the carbapenemase-encoding genes among the community and healthcare-acquired infections were assessed. This retrospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted in Colombia and included patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods between 2017 and 2021. Carbapenem resistance was identified by Vitek, and carbapenemase-encoding genes were identified by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to classify the alleles and sequence types (STs)...

BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia is a life-threatening condition commonly observed in patients with hematologic malignancies. The aim of this article is to provide updated knowledge about bloodstream infections in febrile neutropenia episodes within the Andean region of Latin America. METHOD: This retrospective study was based in 6 hospitals in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru and included adult patients with acute leukemia or lymphoma and febrile neutropenia between January 2019 and December 2020...

The impact of bacterial pneumonia on patients with COVID-19 infection remains unclear. This prospective observational monocentric cohort study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (CAP and HAP) and its effect on mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at University Hospital Olomouc between 1 November 2020 and 31 December 2022. The secondary objectives of this study include identifying the bacterial etiology of CAP and HAP and exploring the capabilities of diagnostic tools, with a focus on inflammatory biomarkers...

The Klebsiella pneumoniae complex is a commonly isolated bacteria in human infections. These opportunistic pathogens pose a serious threat to public health due to their potential transmission to the human population. Resistance to carbapenems is a significant antimicrobial resistance mechanism, leading to limited therapeutic options. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of fosfomycin, colistin, ceftazidime-avibactam, and meropenem-vaborbactam against multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae complex strains...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of medical significance. It typically exists as part of the normal flora of the human intestine but can cause severe infections in the healthcare setting due to its rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Cultivating and extracting genomic DNA from this bacterium is crucial for downstream characterization and comparative analyses. To provide a standardized approach for growing K. pneumoniae in the laboratory setting, this collection of protocols provides step-by-step procedures for routine culturing, generating growth curves, storing bacteria, and extracting genomic DNA...

Both Mucorales and Gram-negative rods (GNRs) commonly infect patients with hematological malignancies (HM); however, their co-occurrence is understudied. Therefore, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 63 patients with HM and proven or probable sinopulmonary mucormycosis at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, Texas) from 2000-2020. Seventeen out of sixty-three reviewed patients (27.0%) had sinopulmonary co-occurrence of GNRs (most commonly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ) within 30 days of a positive Mucorales culture or histology demonstrating Mucorales species...

Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens) is not generally considered a bacterial pathogen in humans; however, multiple culture-based and culture-independent studies have identified it in the indigenous microbiota of multiple body sites. We herein report a rare case of pneumonia caused by P. fluorescens. A man in his 80s with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus was diagnosed with stage II rectal cancer. He underwent laparoscopic surgery, and on the 6th postoperative day, he developed a high fever...

Klebsiella pneumoniae , a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium, mainly found in the hospital environment and medical tools. It is the leading cause of nosocomial infection, characterized by bloodstream infection, wound site infection, urinary tract infection, and sepsis, mostly in older adults, newborn infants, and immunocompromised patients. This present study demonstrated a novel diagnostic method for K. pneumoniae detection based on the gold nanozyme activity for the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2 O2 ...

Escherichia fergusonii a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium in the Enterobacteriaceae family, infect humans, causing serious illnesses such as urinary tract infection, cystitis, biliary tract infection, pneumonia, meningitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and death. Initially treatable with penicillin, antibiotic misuse led to evolving resistance, including resistance to colistin, a last-resort drug. With no licensed vaccine, the study aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine against E. fergusonii . The study started with the retrieval of the complete proteome of all known strains and proceeded to filter the surface exposed virulent proteins...

The development of antibiotic resistance mechanisms hinders the treatment process. So far, there is limited data on the problem of bacterial resistance in hospitals in Central and Eastern Europe. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of resistance mechanisms and alert pathogens based on reports regarding cultures of samples collected from general hospital patients in Poland in the period 2019-2021. This study examined the prevalence of resistance mechanisms and alert pathogens and the structure of microorganisms, including the type of diagnostic material in the hospital department...

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between patient severity or mortality and time to positivity in bacteremia caused by various pathogens. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included patients with positive blood culture results. RESULTS: Longer time to positivity was associated with 30-day mortality for Staphylococcus aureus (221 cases, time to positivity: 17.4 h in the 30-day mortality group vs. 14.1 h in the survival group)...

Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a critical concern in the intensive care unit (ICU), with significant implications for patient outcomes. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of VAP in an ICU of a developing country, identify the predominant etiological factors, assess patient outcomes, and underscore the need for tailored interventions in high-risk patient groups. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 589 ICU patients who underwent ventilator-assisted breathing for over 48 hours...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the human intestine. Although it typically exists as part of the normal flora, it can also cause healthcare-associated infections with severe consequences. Understanding the specific genes responsible for its virulence through genetic manipulation is crucial for potential therapeutic interventions. However, manipulating K. pneumoniae presents challenges due to its exopolysaccharide capsule. This article presents a comprehensive collection of protocols designed to facilitate the genetic manipulation of K...

Background: We determined the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in polymicrobial pathogens in Pakistan. Methods: A total of 70,518 clinical samples were collected aseptically and confirmation of isolates and antibiogram were performed by the VITEK 2 system. Results: Of 70,518 samples, 441 (0.62%) were polymicrobial samples, with 882 (1.2%) polymicrobial pathogens with 689 (78.1%) Gram-negative rods (GNRs), 166 (18.8%) Gram-positive cocci and 27 (3.1%) Candida albicans ...

INTRODUCTION: Ventilator-associated pneumonias (VAPs) are a complication of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) that increase length of stay, morbidity, and mortality. While identifying and treating infections early is paramount to improving patient outcomes, more and more data demonstrate limited courses of antibiotics improve outcomes. Prolonged (10-14 day) courses of antibiotics have remained the standard of care for pneumonia due to gram-negative bacilli (GNR)...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Lesions that are suspected for malignancy need be managed by a multidisciplinary team. Utilization of radiological as well as pathological diagnostic modalities ensures correct diagnosis and thus timely intervention. INTRODUCTION: Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative rod. It is a highly motile bacterium that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae. Lung infection and pneumonia caused by p. mirabilis is extremely rare and occurs in patients with chronic debilitation or chronic lung disease...

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae has virulence genes relevant to capsule overproduction, which could lead to the finding of thick transparent area ("halo") in Gram stain. In sputum Gram stain, observation of a large Gram-negative rod with a thick capsule may not only indicate that it is K. pneumoniae but also that it is a highly virulent strain.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and types of pathogens found in children with orbital cellulitis and to evaluate the utility of nonoperative cultures. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of children with imaging-confirmed orbital cellulitis over a period of 8 years. Outcomes included prevalence and types of organisms, polymicrobial infection, mixed aerobic-anaerobic infection, effect of age, and culture utility. RESULTS: Of 220 children with orbital cellulitis, 112 (51%) had cultures taken; 69 (31%) had surgical intervention...

The rate of extensively drug-resistant and pan-resistant gram-negative rods isolated as infectious agents is increasing around the world and in Türkiye. One of the important options in the treatment of these infections is the combined use of antibiotics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of meropenem/colistin and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations on carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli isolated as infectious agents. Escherichia coli (n= 6), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n= 10), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n= 5), and Acinetobacter baumannii (n= 6) isolates were recovered from blood and tracheal aspirate samples of patients hospitalized in our hospital's intensive care unit were included in the study...

Pseudomonas fulva is a Gram-negative rod that was isolated from Japanese paddy rice, and few cases of infections due to trauma, catheters, or contaminated infusion products have been reported. We report a case of P. fulva infection in an older patient who developed septic shock due to P. fulva during hospitalization after treatment for aspiration pneumonia. Since signs of infection were seen at the skin epidermal exfoliation site, which had been present since admission, this was considered to be the route of infection...