keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490695/characteristics-and-phenotypes-of-a-copd-cohort-from-referral-hospital-clinics-in-uganda
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia Alupo, Levicatus Mugenyi, Winceslaus Katagira, Alex Kayongo, Joanitah Nalunjogi, Trishul Siddharthan, John R Hurst, Bruce Kirenga, Rupert Jones
INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition with varied clinical and pathophysiological characteristics. Although there is increasing evidence that COPD in low-income and middle-income countries may have different clinical characteristics from that in high-income countries, little is known about COPD phenotypes in these settings. We describe the clinical characteristics and risk factor profile of a COPD population in Uganda. METHODS: We cross sectionally analysed the baseline clinical characteristics of 323 patients with COPD aged 30 years and above who were attending 2 national referral outpatient facilities in Kampala, Uganda between July 2019 and March 2021...
March 15, 2024: BMJ Open Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484418/-assessment-of-blood-eosinophil-count-in-respiratory-disease-from-primary-care
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Rodríguez Parejo, M Carmona González, C Montero-Peña, D Murillo García
Most physicians in general, and family physicians in particular, are familiar with certain parameters when ordering a hematological study, such as hemoglobin (including hematocrit and its features), leukocytes (including lymphocytes) and platelets. Nevertheless, there are two values that we use to overlook which are eosinophils and basophils. Specifically, eosinophils have a tendency to increase with allergic pathology. This article focuses on this type of cells, helping to interpret the values obtained and highlighting their importance in two of the most frequent respiratory pathologies in primary care: asthma and COPD...
March 13, 2024: Semergen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479707/survival-and-response-to-pulmonary-vasodilator-therapies-in-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-and-pulmonary-vascular-phenotype
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathilde Steger, Matthieu Canuet, Irina Enache, Thibaut Goetsch, Aissam Labani, Léo Meyer, Guillaume Martin, Romain Kessler, David Montani, Marianne Riou
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to describe and investigate the effect of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapies in a cohort of patients with severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; PH-COPD), and to assess factors predictive of treatment response and mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively included patients with severe incident PH-COPD who received PAH therapy and underwent RHC at diagnosis and on treatment...
March 11, 2024: Respiratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464563/common-pathogeneses-underlying-asthma-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-insights-from-genetic-studies
#4
REVIEW
Nobuyuki Hizawa
Neither asthma nor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a single disease consisting of a uniform pathogenesis; rather, they are both syndromes that result from a variety of basic distinct pathogeneses. Many of the basic pathogeneses overlap between the two diseases, and multiple basic pathogeneses are simultaneously involved at varying proportions in individual patients. The specific combination of different basic pathogeneses in each patient determines the phenotype of the patient, and it varies widely from patient to patient...
2024: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464561/respiratory-oscillometry-and-functional-performance-in-different-copd-phenotypes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elayne Moura Teixeira, Caroline Oliveira Ribeiro, Agnaldo José Lopes, Pedro Lopes de Melo
PURPOSE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes may introduce different characteristics that need to be known to improve treatment. Respiratory oscillometry provides a detailed analysis and may offer insight into the pathophysiology of COPD. In this paper, we used this method to evaluate the differences in respiratory mechanics of COPD phenotypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study investigated a sample of 83 volunteers, being divided into control group (CG = 20), emphysema (n = 23), CB (n = 20) and asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS, n = 20)...
2024: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464285/proteomic-networks-and-related-genetic-variants-associated-with-smoking-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#6
Iain R Konigsberg, Thao Vu, Weixuan Liu, Elizabeth M Litkowski, Katherine A Pratte, Luciana B Vargas, Niles Gilmore, Mohamed Abdel-Hafiz, Ani W Manichaikul, Michael H Cho, Craig P Hersh, Dawn L DeMeo, Farnoush Banaei-Kashani, Russell P Bowler, Leslie A Lange, Katerina J Kechris
BACKGROUND: Studies have identified individual blood biomarkers associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related phenotypes. However, complex diseases such as COPD typically involve changes in multiple molecules with interconnections that may not be captured when considering single molecular features. METHODS: Leveraging proteomic data from 3,173 COPDGene Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and African American (AA) participants, we applied sparse multiple canonical correlation network analysis (SmCCNet) to 4,776 proteins assayed on the SomaScan v4...
February 28, 2024: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460977/predicting-parameters-of-airway-dynamics-generated-from-inspiratory-and-expiratory-plethysmographic-airway-loops-differentiating-subtypes-of-chronic-obstructive-diseases
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Kraemer, Hans-Jürgen Smith, Juergen Reinstaedtler, Sabina Gallati, Heinrich Matthys
BACKGROUND: The plethysmographic shift volume-flow loop (sRaw -loop) measured during tidal breathing allows the determination of several lung function parameters such as the effective specific airway resistance (sReff ), calculated from the ratio of the integral of the resistive aerodynamic specific work of breathing (sWOB) and the integral of the corresponding flow-volume loop. However, computing the inspiratory and expiratory areas of the sRaw -loop separately permits the determination of further parameters of airway dynamics...
March 9, 2024: BMJ Open Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458517/pm2-5-exposure-induced-senescence-associated-secretory-phenotype-in-airway-smooth-muscle-cells-contributes-to-airway-remodeling
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pei-Pei Cheng, Fan Yu, Shuai-Jun Chen, Xiao Feng, Zi-Heng Jia, Shi-He Hu, Xiao-Lin Cui, Ya-Ya Zhou, Qian Niu, Li-Mei Liang, Meng Wang, Lin-Jie Song, Xin-Liang He, Liang Xiong, Fei Xiang, Xiaorong Wang, Wan-Li Ma, Hong Ye
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to increased severity and incidence of airway diseases, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Airway remodeling is an important event in both COPD and asthma, and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) are key cells which directly involved in airway remodeling. However, it was unclear how PM2.5 affected ASMCs. This study investigates the effects of PM2.5 on airway smooth muscle and its mechanism. We first showed that inhaled particulate matter was distributed in the airway smooth muscle bundle, combined with increased airway smooth muscle bundle and collagen deposition in vivo...
March 6, 2024: Environmental Pollution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454972/phenotypical-and-molecular-assessments-on-the-pharmacological-effects-of-curcumin-in-drosophila-melanogaster
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nur R Rumata, Dewi Purwaningsih, Asbah Asbah, Muh Fadhil As'ad, Deepak Chadran, Talha B Emran, Firzan Nainu
Curcumin, a dietary polyphenol derived from turmeric's rhizome, exhibits a range of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been investigated for its therapeutic potential in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to its ability to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), modulate oxidative stress, impact cell viability, and regulate gene expression. However, most studies have been limited to in vitro conditions. To address this gap, we conducted in vivo experiments using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to explore the antioxidant activities and biological significance of curcumin...
August 2023: Narra J
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444395/modulation-of-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-progression-by-antioxidant-metabolites-from-pediococcus-pentosaceus-enhancing-gut-probiotics-abundance-and-the-tryptophan-melatonin-pathway
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiting Liu, Longjie Li, Jing Feng, Bing Wan, Qiang Tu, Wei Cai, Fa Jin, Guiying Tang, Lígia R Rodrigues, Xiuwei Zhang, Jia Yin, Yunlei Zhang
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition primarily linked to oxidative stress, poses significant health burdens worldwide. Recent evidence has shed light on the association between the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and COPD, and their metabolites have emerged as potential modulators of disease progression through the intricate gut-lung axis. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of oral administration of the probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus SMM914 (SMM914) in delaying the progression of COPD by attenuating pulmonary oxidative stress...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436597/novel-dna-methylation-changes-in-mouse-lungs-associated-with-chronic-smoking
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chinonye Doris Onuzulu, Samantha Lee, Sujata Basu, Jeannette Comte, Yan Hai, Nikho Hizon, Shivam Chadha, Maria Shenna Fauni, Andrew J Halayko, Christopher D Pascoe, Meaghan J Jones
Smoking is a potent cause of asthma exacerbations, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and many other health defects, and changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) have been identified as a potential link between smoking and these health outcomes. However, most studies of smoking and DNAm have been done using blood and other easily accessible tissues in humans, while evidence from more directly affected tissues such as the lungs is lacking. Here, we identified DNAm patterns in the lungs that are altered by smoking...
December 2024: Epigenetics: Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432980/clinical-benefits-of-targeting-treatable-traits-in-asthma-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuko Morishima, Nobuyuki Hizawa
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have long been debated regarding their similarities and differences in clinical presentation and pathology. There has also been a discussion about how common therapeutics should be used differently for each disease. Traditionally, a "one size fits all" stepwise treatment has been chosen based on the severity of each case after categorizing the diseases, such as asthma or COPD. However, recently, the need for a precise approach for the treatment of individual patients beyond the disease category has been emphasized, especially in severe cases...
March 4, 2024: Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417971/mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-guided-drug-discovery-for-post-viral-and-related-types-of-lung-disease
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Holtzman, Yong Zhang, Kangyun Wu, Arthur G Romero
Respiratory viral infections are a major public health problem, with much of their morbidity and mortality due to post-viral lung diseases that progress and persist after the active infection is cleared. This paradigm is implicated in the most common forms of chronic lung disease, such as asthma and COPD, as well as other virus-linked diseases including progressive and long-term coronavirus disease 2019. Despite the impact of these diseases, there is a lack of small-molecule drugs available that can precisely modify this type of disease process...
January 31, 2024: European Respiratory Review: An Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415426/-natural-history-of-copd-evolution-of-concepts
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruno Ribeiro Baptista, Simon Valentin, Ari Chaouat, François Chabot
EVOLUTION OF CONCEPTS. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The natural history of this disease is complex. The first cause is tobacco smoke exposure, followed by exposure to biomass smoke and occupational exposure to inhaled toxic substances. Genetic predisposing factors are known as the alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. The involvement of respiratory events in childhood in the genesis of the disease is also increasingly described...
February 2024: La Revue du Praticien
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410387/phenotypic-heterogeneity-unveils-a-negative-correlation-between-antibiotic-resistance-and-quorum-sensing-in-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-clinical-isolates
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiting Yang, Qianglin Zeng, Shiyi Gou, Yi Wu, Xiaoling Ma, Hang Zou, Kelei Zhao
Colonization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lung environments frequently leads to the enrichment of strains displaying enhanced antibiotic resistance and reduced production of quorum-sensing (QS) controlled products. However, the relationship between the emergence of QS deficient variants and antibiotic resistance remains less understood. In this study, 67 P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from the lungs of 14 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, followed by determining their genetic relationship, QS-related phenotypes and resistance to commonly used antibiotics...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403628/evaluation-of-retrieval-accuracy-and-visual-similarity-in-content-based-image-retrieval-of-chest-ct-for-obstructive-lung-disease
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jooae Choe, Hye Young Choi, Sang Min Lee, Sang Young Oh, Hye Jeon Hwang, Namkug Kim, Jihye Yun, Jae Seung Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Donghoon Yu, Byeongsoo Kim, Joon Beom Seo
The aim of our study was to assess the performance of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) for similar chest computed tomography (CT) in obstructive lung disease. This retrospective study included patients with obstructive lung disease who underwent volumetric chest CT scans. The CBIR database included 600 chest CT scans from 541 patients. To assess the system performance, follow-up chest CT scans of 50 patients were evaluated as query cases, which showed the stability of the CT findings between baseline and follow-up chest CT, as confirmed by thoracic radiologists...
February 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403592/unraveling-the-causality-between-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-and-its-common-comorbidities-using-bidirectional-mendelian-randomization
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zihan Wang, Yongchang Sun
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexists with various diseases, yet the causal relationship between COPD and these comorbidities remains ambiguous. As a result, the aim of our study is to elucidate the potential causality between COPD and its common comorbidities. METHODS: We employed the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to analyze single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of common comorbidities with COPD from FinnGen and Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) databases...
February 26, 2024: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403309/-role-of-macrophage-polarization-in-pulmonary-diseases-and-intervention-of-traditional-chinese-medicines
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Liang, Jian-Xun Liu
As important immune cells, macrophages are a key factor involved in maintaining the homeostasis of the pulmonary microenvironment. Under different conditions, macrophages with high plasticity can be polarized into classically activated(M1) and selectively activated(M2) macrophages, which have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, respectively. M1/M2 phenotype is associated with the occurrence and development of pulmonary diseases. A variety of information molecules and cytokines involved in the polarization of macrophages play a role in regulating phenotypes in pulmonary diseases, and the phenotype transformation varies significantly in different diseases...
January 2024: Zhongguo Zhong Yao za Zhi, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399695/inhibiting-f-actin-polymerization-impairs-the-internalization-of-moraxella-catarrhalis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinhan Yu, Jingjing Huang, Rui Ding, Yingchun Xu, Yali Liu
Moraxella catarrhalis , a commensal in the human nasopharynx, plays a significant role in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Its pathogenicity involves adherence to respiratory epithelial cells, leading to infection through a macropinocytosis-like mechanism. Previous investigations highlighted the diverse abilities of M. catarrhalis isolates with different phenotypes to adhere to and invade respiratory epithelial cells. This study used a murine COPD model and in vitro experiments to explore the factors influencing the pathogenicity of distinct phenotypes of M...
January 30, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396308/long-acting-b-2-agonists-laba-or-long-acting-muscarinic-antagonists-lama-which-one-may-be-the-first-option-in-group-a-copd-patients
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Onur Turan, Nalan Ogan, Fulsen Bozkus, Nurhan Sarıoğlu, Pakize Ayşe Turan, Celal Satıcı
INTRODUCTION: Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) or beta-2 agonists (LABA) have been recommended for symptom control in group A COPD patients as a first-line bronchodilator treatment in GOLD guidelines. However, there is no mention of priority/superiority between the two treatment options. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of these treatments in this group. METHODS: The study cohort was formed of all subjects from six pulmonology clinics with an initial diagnosis of COPD who were new users of a LAMA or LABA from January 2020 to December 2021...
February 23, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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