Uno

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors associated with poor results and pain recurrence in young baseball players with Little League shoulder (LLS). METHODS: Eighty-seven young baseball players with LLS (mean age, 12.1 years) underwent conservative treatment. Of the players, 68 (78%) underwent conservative treatment involving the prohibition of throwing for an average of 1.2 months whereas the remaining 19 (22%) continued throwing with limitations...

BACKGROUND: The Body mass index, Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise capacity (BODE) score is used to inform prognostic considerations for lung transplantation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it has not been validated in this context. A large proportion of mortality in COPD is attributable to comorbidities that could preclude transplant candidacy. We hypothesized COPD patients selected as transplant candidates experience better survival than traditional interpretation of BODE scores might indicate...

The stabilization of a guiding catheter is a very important factor for successful endovascular treatment. However, it is sometimes difficult to obtain sufficient stabilization because of the tortuosity of the approach route. A Goose Neck Snare is useful for the retrieval of intravascular foreign bodies and can be used to hold the guiding catheter. We describe five cases of endovascular treatment performed while using the Goose Neck Snare via the brachial artery to hold the guiding catheter. We discuss the utility of this strategy...

Wait times have increased for patients approved for heart transplants. We reviewed United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) data for 14,242 patients listed for isolated heart transplant (2009-2013) to develop a risk score model for timing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation in bridge-to-transplant patients. We used a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model with subsequent bootstrap resampling for internal validation to develop a scoring system that combined risk factors, weighted by the corresponding regression coefficients, to define an individual's risk score...

PURPOSE: We propose a method of image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) that combines MRI-based target volume delineation for the first fraction with CT datasets of subsequent fractions, using an automatic, applicator-based co-registration, and report our preliminary experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MRI of the first fraction was used for the first brachytherapy planning. For each subsequent brachytherapy fraction, after the same applicator insertion, a new CT scan with the applicator in place was obtained...

1. Simulated clearances of R-warfarin and efavirenz were recently reported for individual cynomolgus monkeys genotyped for cytochrome P450 2C19 and 2C9, respectively. To expand and verify this modeling procedure, simulations of R/S-omeprazole and R/S-warfarin clearances after oral administrations in individual marmosets were performed using individual simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling consisting of gut, liver, and central compartments. 2. Pharmacokinetics of R/S-omeprazole were chirally determined using the previously reported plasma microsamples in this study...

AIM/INTRODUCTION: The patients with type 1 diabetes are classified into three subtypes: acute-onset, fulminant, and slowly progressive in Japan. Acute-onset type 1 diabetes would be equivalent to type 1A diabetes, the typical type 1 diabetes in Western countries. The insulin secretion capacity in Japanese subjects with long-standing type 1A diabetes is unclear. The aim of this study is to clarify the course of endogenous insulin secretion during long-term follow-up and factors associated with residual insulin secretion in patients with acute-onset type 1 diabetes (autoimmune)...

We report a patient with aphasia, caused by cerebral hemorrhage, who probably used the nonsemantic lexical route when reading words aloud. To investigate the mechanisms underlying her reading dysfunction, we analyzed her reading abilities using the Dual-Route Cascaded Model. Language tests resulted in low correct percentages for both reading comprehension and reading nonwords aloud, suggesting problems in the semantic system and the nonlexical route. Conversely, the patient showed high scores on the reading words aloud task...

OBJECTIVE: The quality of training provided to thoracic transplant fellows is a critical step in the care of complex patients undergoing transplant. The training varies since it is not an accreditation council for graduate medical education accredited fellowship. METHOD: A total of 104 heart or lung transplant program directors throughout the United States were sent a survey of 24 questions focusing on key aspects of training, fellowship training content and thoracic transplant job satisfaction...

Chronic exposure to methamphetamine causes adaptive changes in brain, which underlie dependence symptoms. We have found that the transmembrane protein 168 (TMEM168) is overexpressed in the nucleus accumbens of mice upon repeated methamphetamine administration. Here, we firstly demonstrate the inhibitory effect of TMEM168 on methamphetamine-induced behavioral changes in mice, and attempt to elucidate the mechanism of this inhibition. We overexpressed TMEM168 in the nucleus accumbens of mice by using an adeno-associated virus vector (NAc-TMEM mice)...

The role of cell membrane dynamics in cell migration is unclear. To examine whether total cell surface area changes are required for cell migration, Dictyostelium cells were flattened by agar-overlay. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that flattened migrating cells have no membrane reservoirs such as projections and membrane folds. Similarly, optical sectioning fluorescence microscopy showed that the cell surface area does not change during migration. Interestingly, staining of the cell membrane with a fluorescent lipid analogue demonstrated that the turnover rate of cell membrane is closely related to the cell migration velocity...

Background: Several clinical studies have suggested that N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) levels in the human brain are associated with various psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder. We have previously identified Shati/Nat8l, an N-acetyltransferase, in the brain using an animal model of psychosis. Shati/Nat8l synthesizes NAA from L-aspartate and acetyl-coenzyme A. Further, NAA is converted into NAAG, a neurotransmitter for metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3)...

BACKGROUND: Alcoholic liver disease is a common indication for liver transplantation (OLT). Although OLT has been shown to confer survival benefit to patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH), historically most programs require a 6-month abstinence period prior to OLT which excludes patients with AAH. Marijuana has become legal in more than half the states in the United States. This survey of liver transplant programs was conducted to evaluate current policies regarding alcohol, marijuana and methadone use...

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity affecting millions of children. Since treatment and prognosis of AIS depend on curve progression, identifying factors related to AIS curve progression is important in its management. Although several genetic loci for AIS occurrence are reported, no locus for curve progression has been identified. To identify genes associated with AIS progression, we conducted a genome-wide association study followed by a replication study using a total of 2,543 AIS subjects who were evaluated for the curve progression...

Adolescents, who are thought to have compliance issues, are well known to have poor heart transplant (HTx) outcomes. This "effect" has recently been demonstrated to extend to age 29. The study sought to investigate whether the poor outcomes for HTx related to adolescent age are also observed in recipients who are bridged to transplant (BTT) with a ventricular assist device (VAD) and whether this effect extends beyond the standard definition of adolescent age 12-18 years. All HTx BTT with a VAD in recipients 8-39 years were identified in the United States Organ Sharing (UNOS) database (1 January 2005 to 30 June 2016)...

Chromosome engineering techniques including gene insertion, telomere-associated truncation and microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT) are powerful tools for generation of humanised model animal, containing megabase-sized genomic fragments. However, these techniques require two cell lines: homologous recombination (HR)-proficient DT40 cells for chromosome modification, and CHO cells for transfer to recipient cells. Here we show an improved technique using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9-induced HR in CHO and mouse A9 cells without DT40 cells following MMCT to recipient cells...

Importance: In a comparative clinical study with progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) as the end point, the hazard ratio (HR) is routinely used to design the study and to estimate the treatment effect at the end of the study. The clinical interpretation of the HR may not be straightforward, especially when the underlying model assumption is not valid. A robust procedure for study design and analysis that enables clinically meaningful interpretation of trial results is warranted...

The standard CHOP for peripheral T-cell lymphoma has resulted in unsatisfactory outcomes and optimal frontline therapy remains unclear. We conducted a multicenter phase II study of dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide with vincristine and prednisone (EPOCH) for untreated peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients. In this prospective study, 41 patients were treated with dose-adjusted-EPOCH as initial therapy: peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not otherwise specified, n = 21; angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, n = 17; anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma, n = 2; and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, n = 1...

HLA matching and mismatching, while inversely related, are not exact opposites. Here we determined the independent effects of HLA matching and mismatching on outcomes in deceased donor kidney transplant recipients. The United Network for Organ Sharing database (1995-2012) was utilized and analyzed for delayed graft function, one-year acute rejection, and death-censored graft survival using combined multivariable models including HLA matching and mismatching. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the subgroup of deceased donor kidney transplant patients after 2003 with more uniform HLA nomenclature and resampling analyses using bootstrapping on complete data available from 96,236 recipients...

Pediatric transplant candidates include heart, lung, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and kidney. The purpose of this article is to review the history and current methods for determining priority of the above-mentioned transplantable organs. The methods used by the authors involved the review of historical and current manuscripts and UNOS policy documents. We summarized the findings in order to create a concise review of the current policies and wait times for transplantation in pediatric transplant patients...