sleep apnea heart

BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to assess the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with overlapping obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), referred to OSA-COPD overlap syndrome (OS). METHODS: We enrolled a total of 116 patients with OS, COPD, or OSA who underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) due to suspected pulmonary hypertension (PH). We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of these patients...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on resistant hypertension in patients at high risk with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) needs further investigation. We aimed to determine the effect of CPAP on blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension and OSA. Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and CMB were searched. Data were pooled using a random-effects or fixed-effects model to derive weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...

BACKGROUND: Fontan physiology leads to chronic changes in other organ systems that may affect long-term survival and the success of heart transplantation. Inadequate assessment and treatment of the extra-cardiac effects of Fontan may contribute to poor outcomes. Severity graded/ordinal consensus definitions of Fontan complications are lacking which limits understanding of how Fontan-specific morbidity affects patient outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: A panel of Fontan patient and physiology experts, including pediatric, adult congenital, heart failure, and critical care cardiology, and pediatric nephrology, hepatology and psychology, convened to develop definitions of Fontan complications...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder which blocks the upper airway during sleep. The severity of OSA will lead heart attack, stroke and end of life. This proposed study explored the classification of OSA and healthy subjects using brain connectivity analysis from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Institute of System and Robotics-University of Coimbra (ISRUC) database were used for acquiring 50 EEG signals using 4 channels and noise removal has been accomplished by 50 Hz notch filter. The Institute of System and Robotics-University of Coimbra (ISRUC) database contained 50 EEG signals, with four channels, and a 50 Hz notch filter was applied to remove noise...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, the acute impacts of OSA and its consequences on heart function are not yet fully elucidated. We hypothesized that desaturation events acutely destabilize ventricular repolarization, and the presence of accompanying arousals magnifies this destabilization. Ventricular repolarization lability measures, comprising heart rate corrected QT (QTc), short-time-variability of QT (STVQT), and QT variability index (QTVI) were calculated before, during, and after 20955 desaturations from lead II electrocardiography signals of 492 suspected OSA patients (52% men)...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF); however, it is unclear whether AF increases the risk of OSA. Furthermore, sex differences among patients with both AF and OSA remain unclear. We aimed to determine the association between an increased AF burden and OSA and investigate the differences in clinical characteristics between women and men with AF and OSA. METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional analysis from a prospective cohort study...

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience repetitive episodes of upper airway obstruction due to recurrent collapse during sleep. This leads to intermittent hypoxia episodes, which, through complex pathophysiological mechanisms, trigger sympathetic overactivation, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulation, and metabolic dysregulation. Consequently, other cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes are induced. Furthermore, this enhances target organ damage, affecting the heart, arteries, and kidneys, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the association of sex with cardiovascular outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients with heart failure (HF) with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients were screened for sleep apnea on admission using multichannel cardiopulmonary monitoring from May 2015 to July 2018. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or unplanned hospitalization for worsening HF. Ultimately, 453 patients with HF with obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea were included; 71 (15...

Sleep-disordered breathing is common in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Sleep-disordered breathing is associated with increased perioperative morbidity, arrhythmias (e.g. atrial fibrillation) and mortality. This study investigated the impact of sleep-disordered breathing on the postoperative course after coronary artery bypass grafting, including development of atrial fibrillation. This prospective single-centre cohort study included adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting...

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexists with various diseases, yet the causal relationship between COPD and these comorbidities remains ambiguous. As a result, the aim of our study is to elucidate the potential causality between COPD and its common comorbidities. METHODS: We employed the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to analyze single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of common comorbidities with COPD from FinnGen and Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) databases...

In the rapidly evolving landscape of continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring systems, there is a heightened demand for non-invasive sensors capable of measuring ECGs and detecting heart rate variability (HRV) in diverse populations, ranging from cardiovascular patients to sports enthusiasts. Challenges like device accuracy, patient privacy, signal noise, and long-term safety impede the use of wearable devices in clinical practice. This scoping review aims to assess the performance and safety of novel multi-channel, sensor-based biopotential wearable devices in adults...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a prevalent sleep disorder, is intimately associated with various other diseases, particularly cardiovascular conditions. The conventional diagnostic method, nocturnal polysomnography (PSG), despite its widespread use, faces challenges due to its high cost and prolonged duration. Recent developments in electrocardiogram-based diagnostic techniques have opened new avenues for addressing these challenges, although they often require a deep understanding of feature engineering. In this study, we introduce an innovative method for OSA classification that combines a composite deep convolutional neural network model with a multimodal strategy for automatic feature extraction...

Exposure to risk factors in youth can exacerbate the development of future cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by repetitive episodes of airway obstructions, could trigger said CVD acting as a modifiable risk factor. Measurements from echocardiography have shown impairments in the anatomy and function of the heart related to the severity of OSA. Therefore, the aim of this review was to propose a new clinical approach to the management of cardiovascular risk (CVR) in children based on treating OSA...

BACKGROUND: The recent discovery of new therapeutic approaches to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, as well as improved treatment of co-morbidities has provided much needed help to HFrEF. In addition, dapagliflozin, one of the SGLT-2 inhibitors, serves as a promising candidate in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) of HFrEF patients due to its likely mechanism of countering the pathophysiology of OSA of HFrEF...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia and is related with significant morbidity, mortality and costs. In spite of relevant advances in the prevention of embolic events and rhythm control, little has been done to reduce its prevalence, progression and impact, since it increases with ageing as well as with common risk factors such as alcohol intake, tobacco use and stress as well as with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, sleep apnea, kidney failure, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, ischemic heart disease and stroke, among other important comorbidities...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Retinal microvascular pathology (RMP) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both cardiovascular disease risk factors. Limited data exists on their interrelationship. We tested the hypotheses that OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia would be associated with RMP and vessel calibers. METHODS: We conducted a quasi-cross-sectional analysis of 1625 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Sleep Heart Health Study. Participants completed in-home polysomnography monitoring (1996-1998) and were categorized by OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index: <5, 5-14...

OBJECTIVE: Sudden and unexpected deaths in epilepsy (SUDEP) pathophysiology may involve an interaction between respiratory dysfunction and sleep/wake state regulation. We investigated whether patients with epilepsy exhibit impaired sleep apnea-related arousals. METHODS: Patients with drug-resistant (N = 20) or drug-sensitive (N = 20) epilepsy and obstructive sleep apnea, as well as patients with sleep apnea but without epilepsy (controls, N = 20) were included...

OBJECTIVES: Exercise is an effective intervention for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the effects of exercise on objective sleep architecture in patients with OSA remain unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to collect data from randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions in patients with OSA, with a specific focus on objective sleep parameters derived from polysomnography. METHODS: Randomized control trials that targeted patients with OSA aged >18 years, measured sleep using polysomnography after exercise programs, and reported the proportion of sleep stages were included for meta-analysis...

CONTEXT: Imaging tools are crucial for studying the vascular network and its barrier function in various physiopathological conditions. Shortwave infrared window (SWIR) optical imaging allows non-invasive, in-depth exploration. We applied SWIR imaging, combined with vessel segmentation and deep learning analyses, to study real-time dextran probe extravasation in mice experiencing intermittent hypoxia-a characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea associated with potential cardiovascular alterations due to early vascular permeability...

OBJECTIVE: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) frequently accompanies obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and may increase cardiovascular risks. The majority of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients receive understandard treatments, it is not clear whether EDS is associated with increased residual cardiovascular risks in CAD patients with OSA. METHOD: This study is a prospective cohort study that included 1215 consecutive CAD patients underwent overnight sleep study with a 3...