keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26603059/phenomenology-and-neurobiology-of-self-disorder-in-schizophrenia-secondary-factors
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis A Sass, Juan P Borda
Schizophrenia is a diverse and varying syndrome that defies most attempts at classification and pathogenetic explanation. This is the second of two articles offering a comprehensive model meant to integrate an understanding of schizophrenia-related forms of subjectivity, especially anomalous core-self experience (disturbed ipseity), with neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental findings. Previously we discussed the primary or foundational role of disturbed intermodal perceptional integration ("perceptual dys-integration")...
December 2015: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26346263/self-disturbance-and-the-bizarre-on-incomprehensibility-in-schizophrenic-delusions
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis A Sass, Greg Byrom
The notion of 'bizarre delusion' has come into question in contemporary anglophone psychopathology. In DSM-5, it no longer serves as a special criterion for diagnosing schizophrenia nor as an exclusion criterion for delusional disorder. Empirical studies influencing this development have, however, been relatively sparse and subject to methodological criticism. Major reviews have concluded that current conceptualizations of bizarre delusions may require rethinking and refinement. Defining bizarreness entails a return to Jaspers, whose influential views on the supposed incomprehensibility of bizarre delusions and schizophrenic experience are more nuanced than is generally recognized...
2015: Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26043327/phenomenological-and-neurocognitive-perspectives-on-delusions-a-critical-overview
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis Sass, Greg Byrom
There is considerable overlap between phenomenological and neurocognitive perspectives on delusions. In this paper, we first review major phenomenological accounts of delusions, beginning with Jaspers' ideas regarding incomprehensibility, delusional mood, and disturbed "cogito" (basic, minimal, or core self-experience) in what he termed "delusion proper" in schizophrenia. Then we discuss later studies of decontextualization and delusional mood by Matussek, changes in self and world in delusion formation according to Conrad's notions of "apophany" and "anastrophe", and the implications of ontological transformations in the felt sense of reality in some delusions...
June 2015: World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24619534/disturbance-of-minimal-self-ipseity-in-schizophrenia-clarification-and-current-status
#24
EDITORIAL
Barnaby Nelson, Josef Parnas, Louis A Sass
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2014: Schizophrenia Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23774457/introspection-and-schizophrenia-a-comparative-investigation-of-anomalous-self-experiences
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louis Sass, Elizabeth Pienkos, Barnaby Nelson
This paper offers a comparative investigation of anomalous self-experiences common in schizophrenia (defined in Examination of Anomalous Self Experiences (EASE) instrument) and those of normal individuals in an intensely introspective orientation (early 20th-century "introspectionist" psychology). The latter represent a relatively pure manifestation of certain forms of exaggerated self-consciousness ("hyperreflexivity"), one facet of the disturbance of core- or minimal-self ("ipseity" disturbance) postulated as central in schizophrenia...
September 2013: Consciousness and Cognition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23773296/self-disturbance-and-schizophrenia-structure-specificity-pathogenesis-current-issues-new-directions
#26
REVIEW
Louis A Sass
This paper offers an overview and clarification of the ipseity-disturbance or self-disorder hypothesis regarding schizophrenia, with focus on some recent and recommended research and theoretical refinements. There is need to expand research and theorizing in several directions-in order to: 1, specify more precisely what is truly distinctive in the schizophrenia spectrum, 2, explore internal structure and explanatory potential of this purported disturbance of minimal- or core-self experience, 3, generate testable hypotheses concerning pathogenetic pathways and psychotherapeutic interventions...
January 2014: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23454432/anomalous-self-experience-in-depersonalization-and-schizophrenia-a-comparative-investigation
#27
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Louis Sass, Elizabeth Pienkos, Barnaby Nelson, Nick Medford
Various forms of anomalous self-experience can be seen as central to schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. We examined similarities and differences between anomalous self-experiences common in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, as listed in the EASE (Examination of Anomalous Self Experiences), and those described in published accounts of severe depersonalization. Our aims were to consider anomalous self-experience in schizophrenia in a comparative context, to refine and enlarge upon existing descriptions of experiential disturbances in depersonalization, and to explore hypotheses concerning a possible core process in schizophrenia (diminished self-affection, an aspect of "ipseity" or minimal self)...
June 2013: Consciousness and Cognition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23267191/rediscovering-psychopathology-the-epistemology-and-phenomenology-of-the-psychiatric-object
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josef Parnas, Louis A Sass, Dan Zahavi
Questions concerning both the ontology and epistemology of the "psychiatric object" (symptoms and signs) should be at the forefront of current concerns of psychiatry as a clinical neuroscience. We argue that neglect of these issues is a crucial source of the stagnation of psychiatric research. In honor of the centenary of Karl Jaspers' book, General Psychopathology, we offer a critique of the contemporary "operationalist" epistemology, a critique that is consistent with Jaspers' views. Symptoms and signs cannot be properly understood or identified apart from an appreciation of the nature of consciousness or subjectivity, which in turn cannot be treated as a collection of thing-like, mutually independent objects, accessible to context-free, "atheoretical" definitions or unproblematic forms of measurement (as is often assumed in structured interviewing)...
March 2013: Schizophrenia Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23001456/the-psychiatric-interview-validity-structure-and-subjectivity
#29
REVIEW
Julie Nordgaard, Louis A Sass, Josef Parnas
There is a glaring gap in the psychiatric literature concerning the nature of psychiatric symptoms and signs, and a corresponding lack of epistemological discussion of psycho-diagnostic interviewing. Contemporary clinical neuroscience heavily relies on the use of fully structured interviews that are historically rooted in logical positivism and behaviorism. These theoretical approaches marked decisively the so-called "operational revolution in psychiatry" leading to the creation of DSM-III. This paper attempts to examine the theoretical assumptions that underlie the use of a fully structured psychiatric interview...
June 2013: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21352181/does-disturbance-of-self-underlie-social-cognition-deficits-in-schizophrenia-and-other-psychotic-disorders
#30
REVIEW
Barnaby Nelson, Louis A Sass, Andrew Thompson, Alison R Yung, Shona M Francey, G Paul Amminger, Patrick D McGorry
AIM: Although the different approaches to psychosis research have made significant advances in their own fields, integration between the approaches is often lacking. This paper attempts to integrate a strand of cognitive research in psychotic disorders (specifically, social cognition research) with phenomenological accounts of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. METHOD: The paper is a critical investigation of phenomenological models of disturbed selfhood in schizophrenia in relation to cognitive theories of social cognition in psychotic disorders...
May 2009: Early Intervention in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20798575/autism-and-perplexity-a-qualitative-and-theoretical-study-of-basic-subjective-experiences-in-schizophrenia
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mads G Henriksen, Borut Skodlar, Louis A Sass, Josef Parnas
BACKGROUND: Autistic traits and perplexity are considered core features of schizophrenia in phenomenological psychiatry. They express a fundamental disturbance of the self-world relation (including disturbances of self and intersubjectivity). The aim of our study was to examine this disturbance by exploring in detail how autism and perplexity are experienced subjectively. METHODS: It is a qualitative single-case study. In order to fully examine our patient's experiences within the context of his experiential world and not only as isolated or decontextualized symptoms, we applied a heideggerian framework, i...
2010: Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/19609098/the-phenomenological-model-of-psychotic-vulnerability-and-its-possible-implications-for-psychological-interventions-in-the-ultra-high-risk-prodromal-population
#32
REVIEW
Barnaby Nelson, Louis A Sass, Borut Skodlar
The early intervention movement for treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders has extended to include pharmacological and psychological treatment of putatively prodromal (or 'ultra-high risk') patients. The psychotherapy that has been trialed to date is cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT), due to its apparent success with patients with established psychotic disorder and its current popularity as a therapeutic modality. This paper presents phenomenological models of psychotic, particularly schizophrenic, vulnerability, which emphasise a disturbed basic sense of self (ipseity) and intersubjectivity...
2009: Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18924253/recent-developments-in-philosophy-of-psychopathology
#33
REVIEW
Josef Parnas, Louis A Sass, Dan Zahavi
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To survey recent developments in the English-language philosophy of psychopathology. RECENT FINDINGS: First, we present books - by Gallagher and Zahavi (2008) and by Thompson (2007) -that integrate phenomenology with cognitive science and neuroscience. This is followed by discussion of critical assessments of the DSM-III operational legacy and practical consequences recently offered by various psychiatrists, including Andreasen, Mullen,and Maj...
November 2008: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18765960/the-phenomenology-of-the-psychotic-break-and-huxley-s-trip-substance-use-and-the-onset-of-psychosis
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barnaby Nelson, Louis A Sass
BACKGROUND: While considerable research attention has been devoted to the causal relationship between substance use and psychosis, the phenomenology of the association between the two has largely been ignored. This is a significant shortcoming, because it blinds researchers to the possibility that there may be elements of the subjective experience of substance use and psychosis that contribute to their apparent relationship in empirical studies. SAMPLING AND METHODS: The current paper examines the phenomenology of the onset of psychosis and the phenomenology of substance intoxication through consideration of two texts: Sass's account of the phenomenology of psychosis onset and Huxley's account of the experience of hallucinogenic intoxication...
2008: Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/14609238/schizophrenia-consciousness-and-the-self
#35
REVIEW
Louis A Sass, Josef Parnas
In recent years, there has been much focus on the apparent heterogeneity of schizophrenic symptoms. By contrast, this article proposes a unifying account emphasizing basic abnormalities of consciousness that underlie and also antecede a disparate assortment of signs and symptoms. Schizophrenia, we argue, is fundamentally a self-disorder or ipseity disturbance (ipse is Latin for "self" or "itself") that is characterized by complementary distortions of the act of awareness: hyperreflexivity and diminished self-affection...
2003: Schizophrenia Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12511648/holocene-deglaciation-of-marie-byrd-land-west-antarctica
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John O Stone, Gregory A Balco, David E Sugden, Marc W Caffee, Louis C Sass, Seth G Cowdery, Christine Siddoway
Surface exposure ages of glacial deposits in the Ford Ranges of western Marie Byrd Land indicate continuous thinning of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet by more than 700 meters near the coast throughout the past 10,000 years. Deglaciation lagged the disappearance of ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere by thousands of years and may still be under way. These results provide further evidence that parts of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are on a long-term trajectory of decline. West Antarctic melting contributed water to the oceans in the late Holocene and may continue to do so in the future...
January 3, 2003: Science
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