Cervical spinal cord injury

Nontraumatic pathologic conditions of the craniovertebral junction encompass a range of conditions affecting the complex anatomy of this region without direct physical injury. These conditions include congenital syndromes that predispose individuals to ligamentous laxity, potentially leading to instability. Additionally, rare but noteworthy cases such as Grisel syndrome, a cause of pediatric torticollis, may arise without a traumatic trigger. Inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and crystal deposition, can lead to cervical instability and spinal cord compression...

DESIGN: Prospective diagnostic study. OBJECTIVES: Anatomical evaluation and graduation of the severity of spinal stenosis is essential in degenerative cervical spine disease. In clinical practice, this is subjectively categorized on cervical MRI lacking an objective and reliable classification. We implemented a fully-automated quantification of spinal canal compromise through 3D T2-weighted MRI segmentation. SETTING: Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany...

BACKGROUND: Thoracic spinal cord injury after posterior cranial fossa surgery in younger patients is a rare complication. There have been reports of this complication in tumor and spine fields but not in vascular surgery. OBSERVATIONS: A 22-year-old-man experienced cerebellar arteriovenous malformation rupture, and the malformation was surgically removed with the man in the Concorde position. After surgery, the man had severe paraplegia, and a thoracic spinal cord injury was diagnosed...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusions (ACDF) are among the most common cervical spine operations, with over 137,000 surgeries performed annually. Understanding reasons underlying malpractice pertaining to ACDF may inform physicians of practices to improve delivery of patient care and mitigate malpractice. The aim of our study was to analyze the causes and outcomes for lawsuits pertaining to ACDF. METHODS: The Westlaw Edge and Verdict Search databases were queried for malpractice claims utilizing the keywords "anterior cervical discectomy and fusion" and "ACDF"...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic spinal injury is leading cause of mortality and morbidity among the people of productive age group. This study aim to find the cause of spinal injury, site ,and mode of injury, treatment option given so that a preventive measures and create awareness among people of this region. METHODS: This is a prospective observation study done in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences from December 2021 to January 2023. Performa was filled to collect data...

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) causes dramatic sensorimotor deficits that restrict both activity and participation. Restoring activity and participation requires extensive upper limb rehabilitation focusing elbow and wrist movements, which can include motor imagery. Yet, it remains unclear whether MI ability is impaired or spared after SCI. We investigated implicit and explicit MI ability in individuals with C6 or C7 SCI (SCIC6 and SCIC7 groups), as well as in aged- and gender-matched controls without SCI...

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-Sectional Study. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the changes in the characteristics of cervical spinal cord injuries (CSCI) before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among patients transported to our hospital in Japan. SETTING: Hospital with an emergency center in Chiba, Japan. METHODS: Patients eligible for the study were those transported within 24 h of injury and diagnosed with cervical spinal cord injury between January 2018 and December 2021 at our hospital...

Spontaneous spine epidural haematoma is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of 0.1/100 000 inhabitants/year. The anterior location of the haematoma is very uncommon since the dural sac is firmly attached to the posterior longitudinal ligament. Vertebral artery dissection as its underlying cause is an exceptionally rare event, with only two documented cases.This article presents the case of young woman who arrived at the emergency room with a spinal ventral epidural haematoma extending from C2 to T10, caused by a non-traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the right vertebral artery at V2-V3 segment...

The existence of proliferating cells in the intact spinal cord, their distribution and phenotype, are well studied in rodents. A limited number of studies also address the proliferation after spinal cord injury, in non-human primates. However, a detailed description of the quantity, distribution and phenotype of proliferating cells at different anatomical levels of the intact adult non-human primate spinal cord is lacking at present. In the present study, we analyzed normal spinal cord tissues from adult macaque monkeys (Macaca fuscata), infused with Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and euthanized at 2h, 2 weeks, 5 weeks and 10 weeks after BrdU...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application and key points of microchannel approaches in resection of cervical intraspinal tumors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 51 cases of cervical spinal canal tumors from February 2017 to March 2020. Among them, 5 cases were located epidural space, 6 cases were located epidural and subdural space, and 40 cases were located under the subdural extramedullary space(6 cases were located on the ventral side of the spinal cord)...

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) has significant physical, psychological, and socioeconomic impacts. However, the epidemiological characteristics and treatment patterns of TSCI in South Korea remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate TSCI incidence and treatment behaviors in South Korea from 2008 to 2020. We included data from 30,979 newly diagnosed TSCI patients obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). Treatment trends, location of surgery, surgical method, comorbidities, factors affecting hospital stay, and risk factors affecting readmission were analyzed...

When the foot dorsum contacts an obstacle during locomotion, cutaneous afferents signal central circuits to coordinate muscle activity in the four limbs. Spinal cord injury disrupts these interactions, impairing balance and interlimb coordination. We evoked cutaneous reflexes by electrically stimulating left and right superficial peroneal nerves before and after two thoracic lateral hemisections placed on opposite sides of the cord at 9- to 13-week interval in seven adult cats (4 males and 3 females). We recorded reflex responses in ten hindlimb and five forelimb muscles bilaterally...

INTRODUCTION: Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (TSCS), a non-invasive form of spinal cord stimulation, has been shown to improve motor function in individuals living with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effects of different types of TSCS currents including direct current (DC-TSCS), alternating current (AC-TSCS), and spinal paired stimulation on the excitability of neural pathways have not been systematically investigated. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effects of TSCS on the excitability of neural pathways in adults with non-progressive SCI at any level...

CONTEXT: More than 1 million people live with spinal cord injuries (SCI) in the United States alone. Despite research suggesting improvement in functional activities in patients who participate in regular physical activity, there is limited data on the specific impact of exercise as it pertains to patient-reported quality-of-life (QoL) measures of mood, pain, independence, or medical complications. Patients with SCI participating in a longitudinal exercise program at a community-based fitness facility (The Perfect Step) in Pomona, California were invited to participate in this study...

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to the disruption of neural pathways, causing loss of neural cells, with subsequent reactive gliosis and tissue scarring that limit endogenous repair. One potential therapeutic strategy to address this is to target reactive scar-forming astrocytes with direct cellular reprogramming to convert them into neurons, by overexpression of neurogenic transcription factors. Here we used lentiviral constructs to overexpress Ascl1 or a combination of microRNAs (miRs) miR124, miR9/9* and NeuroD1 transfected into cultured and in vivo astrocytes ...

Ampakines are positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors. We hypothesized that low-dose ampakine treatment increases diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) activity after mid-cervical contusion injury in rats. Adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats were implanted with in-dwelling bilateral diaphragm EMG electrodes. Rats received a 150 kDyn C4 unilateral contusion (C4Ct). At 4- and 14-days following C4Ct, rats were given an intravenous bolus of ampakine CX717 (5 mg/kg, n = 10) or vehicle (2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; HPCD; n = 10)...

BACKGROUND: Clinical concerns about preventing and managing fractures after spinal cord injury (SCI) have been growing. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the risk of fractures among SCI patients according to the presence of disability, disease severity, and level of injury. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS 2010-2018) database. We included 5190 SCI patients and 1:3 age- and sex-matched control participants...

BACKGROUND: Previous assessments of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries (SCI) have encountered challenges and constraints. Current research primarily emphasizes safety in early-phase clinical trials, while systematic reviews prioritize effectiveness, often overlooking safety and translational feasibility. This situation prompts inquiries regarding the readiness for clinical adoption. AIM: To offer an up-to-date systematic literature review of clinical trial results con cerning stem cell therapy for SCI...

OBJECTIVE: Cervical spine injuries (CSI) are associated with high rates of permanent disability and mortality, which increase the socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems worldwide. We aimed to investigate the epidemiology of CSI, frequency of operative treatment, and incidence of associated neurological deficits at regional level. METHODS: We performed a retrospective monocentric study of patients with sustained CSI from January 2017 to December 2021, carried out only in a first-level trauma center in the Plovdiv metro region...

Neurenteric cysts are rare and account for only 0.7%-1.3% of all spinal tumors. Spinal neurenteric cysts are associated with spina bifida, split-cord malformations, and Klippel-Feil syndrome, a rare congenital disorder characterized by fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae. Klippel-Feil syndrome is rarely accompanied by neurenteric cysts. In this case report, we describe a cervicothoracic junction neurenteric cyst associated with Klippel-Feil syndrome in a 30-year-old man who presented with a 2-month history of neck pain with radiation of pain into both arms and a 1-month history of weakness in the left arm...