keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535968/east-meets-west-effect-of-acupuncture-on-lactation-and-maternal-quality-of-life
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cindy Baker-Fox, Jennifer Hayakawa, Ruth McCarty, Michelle Hart, John Schomberg, Smriti Shamapant, Christine Bixby
Objective: To evaluate the impact of acupuncture as part of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment plan on lactation and maternal well-being in pump-dependent mothers of hospitalized neonates during the first 30 days after delivery. Study Design: This single-center study was conducted in a level IV regional neonatal intensive care unit with access to integrative health services. Sixty-six mothers were prospectively enrolled in two nonparallel groups: (1) Standard lactation support and (2) standard lactation support augmented with acupuncture...
March 27, 2024: Breastfeeding Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535823/paradoxical-exception-to-island-tameness-increased-defensiveness-in-an-insular-population-of-rattlesnakes
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William K Hayes, Carl E Person, Gerad A Fox, Julie L King, Erick Briggs, Eric C K Gren
Island tameness results largely from a lack of natural predators. Because some insular rattlesnake populations lack functional rattles, presumably the consequence of relaxed selection from reduced predation, we hypothesized that the Santa Catalina Island, California, USA, population of the southern Pacific rattlesnake ( Crotalus helleri , which possesses a functional rattle), would exhibit a decrement in defensive behavior relative to their mainland counterparts. Contrary to our prediction, rattlesnakes from the island not only lacked tameness compared to mainland snakes, but instead exhibited measurably greater levels of defensiveness...
March 18, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535722/evaluating-speaker-listener-cognitive-effort-in-speech-communication-through-brain-to-brain-synchrony-a-pilot-functional-near-infrared-spectroscopy-investigation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geoff D Green, Ewa Jacewicz, Hendrik Santosa, Lian J Arzbecker, Robert A Fox
PURPOSE: We explore a new approach to the study of cognitive effort involved in listening to speech by measuring the brain activity in a listener in relation to the brain activity in a speaker. We hypothesize that the strength of this brain-to-brain synchrony (coupling) reflects the magnitude of cognitive effort involved in verbal communication and includes both listening effort and speaking effort. We investigate whether interbrain synchrony is greater in native-to-native versus native-to-nonnative communication using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: JSLHR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533811/evidence-for-a-host-switching-in-the-maintenance-of-canid-rabies-variant-in-two-wild-carnivore-species-in-the-northern-cape-province-south-africa
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C E Ngoepe, W Shumba, C Sabeta
Rabies is a zoonotic infectious disease that causes at least 59 000 human deaths worldwide annually, with 95% of the cases occurring in the developing countries of Asia and Africa. There are two Lyssavirus rabies (RABV) variants circulating in South Africa, notably the canid and mongoose RABV biotypes. The canid RABV biotype is maintained in the domestic dog and two wild carnivore species, the black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) and the bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis) . The yellow mongoose, a member of the Herpestidae family , is a reservoir and vector species for the mongoose RABV biotype...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533632/mental-health-in-ukraine-in-2023
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dmytro Martsenkovskyi, Mark Shevlin, Menachem Ben-Ezra, Kristina Bondjers, Robert Fox, Thanos Karatzias, Inna Martsenkovska, Igor Martsenkovsky, Elisa Pfeiffer, Cedric Sachser, Frédérique Vallières, Philip Hyland
BACKGROUND: Very little is known about the mental health of the adult population of Ukraine following Russia's full-scale invasion in February 2022. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of seven mental health disorders, the proportion of adults screening positive for any disorder, and the sociodemographic factors associated with meeting requirements for each and any disorder. METHODS: A non-probability quota sample ( N  = 2,050) of adults living in Ukraine in September 2023 was collected online...
March 27, 2024: European Psychiatry: the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531572/effects-of-cannabidiol-on-psychosocial-stress-situational-anxiety-and-nausea-in-a-virtual-reality-environment-a-protocol-for-a-single-centre-randomised-clinical-trial
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeeta Bawa, Danielle McCartney, Miguel Bedoya-Pérez, Namson S Lau, Richard Fox, Hamish MacDougall, Iain S McGregor
INTRODUCTION: The non-intoxicating plant-derived cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), has demonstrated therapeutic potential in a number of clinical conditions. Most successful clinical trials have used relatively high (≥300 mg) oral doses of CBD. Relatively few studies have investigated the efficacy of lower (<300 mg) oral doses, typical of those available in over-the-counter CBD products. METHODS: We present a protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial investigating the effects of a low oral dose (150 mg) of CBD on acute psychosocial stress, situational anxiety, motion sickness and cybersickness in healthy individuals...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530646/lesion-network-of-oculogyric-crises-maps-to-brain-dopaminergic-transcriptomic-signature
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bassam Al-Fatly, Clemens Neudorfer, Diego Kaski, Anthony E Lang, Andrea A Kühn, Michael D Fox, Andreas Horn, Christos Ganos
Oculogyric crises are acute episodes of sustained, typically upward, conjugate deviation of the eyes. Oculogyric crises usually occur as the result of acute D2-dopamine receptor blockade, but the brain areas causally involved in generating this symptom remain elusive. Here, we used data from 14 previously reported cases of lesion-induced oculogyric crises and employed lesion network mapping to identify their shared connections throughout the brain. This analysis yielded a common network that included basal ganglia, thalamic, and brainstem nuclei, as well as the cerebellum...
March 26, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530413/risk-factors-associated-with-in-hospital-complications-for-pediatric-sickle-cell-disease-associated-moyamoya-syndrome-a-nationwide-cross-sectional-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert C Osorio, Kunal P Raygor, Lorenzo Rinaldo, Christine K Fox, Neha Bhasin, Adib A Abla, Nalin Gupta
PURPOSE: Sickle-cell disease-associated moyamoya syndrome (SCD-MMS) carries a high risk for recurrent strokes and cerebrovascular morbidity in children. However, few data are available about complications that occur in children hospitalized with SCD-MMS. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the risk factors for in-hospital complications in pediatric SCD-MMS admissions, and thus aid physicians in optimizing future treatment plans. METHODS: A national database of pediatric hospital admissions was examined across the years 2003-2019...
March 26, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530054/microbiota-from-human-infants-consuming-secretors-or-non-secretors-mothers-milk-impacts-the-gut-and-immune-system-in-mice
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manoj Gurung, Brent Thomas Schlegel, Dhivyaa Rajasundaram, Renee Fox, Lars Bode, Tianming Yao, Stephen R Lindemann, Tanya LeRoith, Quentin D Read, Christy Simecka, Laura Carroll, Aline Andres, Laxmi Yeruva
UNLABELLED: Maternal secretor status is one of the determinants of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) composition, which, in turn, influences the gut microbiota composition of infants. To understand if this change in gut microbiota impacts immune cell composition, intestinal morphology, and gene expression, 21-day-old germ-free C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with fecal microbiota from infants whose mothers were either secretors (SMM) or non-secretors (NSM) or from infants consuming dairy-based formula (MFM)...
March 26, 2024: MSystems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529684/hiv-outcomes-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-people-of-black-ethnicities-living-with-hiv-in-england
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zoe Ottaway, Lucy Campbell, Julie Fox, Fiona Burns, Lisa Hamzah, Stephen Kegg, Melanie Rosenvinge, Sarah Schoeman, David Price, Rachael Jones, Robert F Miller, Shema Tariq, Frank A Post
OBJECTIVES: To describe HIV care outcomes in people of Black ethnicities living in England during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study of people of self-reported Black ethnicities attending for HIV care at nine HIV clinics across England. The primary outcome was a composite of antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption and HIV viraemia (HIV RNA ≥200 copies/mL) ascertained via self-completed questionnaires and review of medical records...
March 26, 2024: HIV Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529492/understanding-monogenic-parkinson-s-disease-at-a-global-scale
#11
Johanna Junker, Lara M Lange, Eva-Juliane Vollstedt, Karisha Roopnarain, Maria Leila M Doquenia, Azlina Ahmad-Annuar, Micol Avenali, Soraya Bardien, Natascha Bahr, Melina Ellis, Caterina Galandra, Thomas Gasser, Peter Heutink, Anastasia Illarionova, Yuliia Kanana, Ignacio J Keller Sarmiento, Kishore R Kumar, Shen-Yang Lim, Harutyun Madoev, Ignacio Mata, Niccolo E Mencacci, Mike A Nalls, Shalini Padmanabhan, Cholpon Shambetova, J Solle, Ai-Huey Tan, Joanne Trinh, Enza Maria Valente, Andrew Singleton, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Katja Lohmann, Zih-Hua Fang, Christine Klein
Until recently, about three-quarters of all monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) studies were performed in European/White ancestry, thereby severely limiting our insights into genotype-phenotype relationships at global scale. The first systematic approach to embrace monogenic PD worldwide, the Michael J. Fox Foundation Global Monogenic PD (MJFF GMPD) Project, contacted authors of publications reporting individuals carrying pathogenic variants in known PD causing genes. In contrast, the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program's (GP2) Monogenic Network took a different approach by targeting PD centers not yet represented in the medical literature...
March 15, 2024: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528567/molecular-characterization-and-zoonotic-potential-of-cryptosporidium-spp-and-giardia-duodenalis-in-humans-and-domestic-animals-in-heilongjiang-province-china
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaru Hao, Aiqin Liu, He Li, Yiyang Zhao, Lan Yao, Bo Yang, Weizhe Zhang, Fengkun Yang
BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are significant parasitic diseases shared between humans and domestic animals. Due to the close contact between humans and domestic animals in rural areas, it is important to consider the potential transmission of zoonotic parasites from infected domestic animals to humans. This investigation aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in domestic animals and villagers. METHODS: A total of 116 fecal samples from villagers and 686 fecal samples from domestic animals in Heilongjiang Province, China, were analyzed for two parasites using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting various genetic loci and DNA sequence analysis of the PCR products...
March 25, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528445/investigator-choice-of-standard-therapy-versus-sequential-novel-therapy-arms-in-the-treatment-of-relapsed-follicular-lymphoma-refract-study-protocol-for-a-multi-centre-open-label-randomised-phase-ii-platform-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graham McIlroy, Siân Lax, Charlotte Gaskell, Aimee Jackson, Malcolm Rhodes, Tania Seale, Sonia Fox, Lousie Hopkins, Jessica Okosun, Sally F Barrington, Ingo Ringshausen, Alan G Ramsay, Maria Calaminici, Kim Linton, Mark Bishton
BACKGROUND: Relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (rrFL) is an incurable disease associated with shorter remissions and survival after each line of standard therapy. Many promising novel, chemotherapy-free therapies are in development, but few are licensed as their role in current treatment pathways is poorly defined. METHODS: The REFRACT trial is an investigator-initiated, UK National Cancer Research Institute, open-label, multi-centre, randomised phase II platform trial aimed at accelerating clinical development of novel therapies by addressing evidence gaps...
March 25, 2024: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525535/treatment-of-multidrug-resistant-or-rifampicin-resistant-tuberculosis-with-an-all-oral-9-month-regimen-containing-linezolid-or-ethionamide-in-south-africa-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Morgan, Norbert Ndjeka, Tasnim Hasan, Medea Gegia, Fuad Mirzayev, Linh Nguyen, Samuel Schumacher, Timothy E Schlub, Kogieleum Naidoo, Greg J Fox
BACKGROUND: In 2019, the South African tuberculosis program replaced ethionamide with linezolid as a part of an all-oral 9-month regimen. We evaluated treatment outcomes for patients assigned to regimens including linezolid in 2019 and ethionamide in 2017. METHOD: This retrospective cohort study included patients treated for multi-drug resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis throughout South Africa between 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2017 and from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2019. The cohort treated with a 9-month regimen containing ethionamide for four months, was compared with a cohort treated with a 9-month regimen containing linezolid for two months...
March 25, 2024: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524977/late-diagnosis-of-residual-major-aortopulmonary-collateral-in-a-patient-with-tetralogy-of-fallot
#15
Conor P O'Halloran, Jeremy Fox, Andrada Popescu, Matthew Cornicelli, Paul Tannous, Amanda Hauck
• Residual MAPCAs result in post-tricuspid shunt and PH. • Distinction between PH and conduit stenosis requires attention to TTE findings. • Management of complex adult CHD should be reserved for centers with expertise. • A multimodal imaging approach is often required to complete this understanding.
March 2024: CASE: Cardiovascular Imaging Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524776/kilo-scale-gmp-synthesis-of-renewable-semisynthetic-vaccine-grade-squalene
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl J Fisher, Laura Shirtcliff, Greg Buchanan, Andrew W Thompson, Frank X Woolard, Donald H LaMunyon, Jonathan L Marshall, Maya B Baranouskas, Rodger B Voelker, Jason S Lusk, Charles E Wells, Raodoh Mohamath, Robert Kinsey, William R Lykins, Gabi Ramer-Denisoff, Christopher B Fox, Christopher J Paddon, Derek McPhee
Emulsions of the triterpene squalene ((6 E ,10 E ,14 E ,18 E )-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene, CAS 111-02-4) have been used as adjuvants in influenza vaccines since the 1990s. Traditionally sourced from shark liver oil, the overfishing of sharks and concomitant reduction in the oceanic shark population raises sustainability issues for vaccine adjuvant grade squalene. We report a semisynthetic route to squalene meeting current pharmacopeial specifications for use in vaccines that leverages the ready availability of trans -β-farnesene ((6 E )-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene, CAS 18794-84-8), manufactured from sustainable sugarcane via a yeast fermentation process...
December 15, 2023: Organic Process Research & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523132/exposure-to-statin-therapy-decreases-the-incidence-of-venous-thromboembolism-after-trauma
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly E Sanders, Gabrielle E Hatton, Atharwa R Mankame, Addison C Allen, Sarah Cunningham, Jan Michael Van Gent, Erin E Fox, Xu Zhang, Charles E Wade, Bryan A Cotton, Jessica C Cardenas
INTRODUCTION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients, despite chemoprophylaxis. Statins have been shown capable of acting upon the endothelium. We hypothesized that statin therapy in the pre- or in-hospital settings leads to a decreased incidence of VTE. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of injured patients who received statin therapy pre- or in-hospital. Adult, highest-level trauma activation patients admitted January 2018 - June 2022 were included...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522078/impaired-neuronal-macroautophagy-in-the-prelimbic-cortex-contributes-to-comorbid-anxiety-like-behaviors-in-rats-with-chronic-neuropathic-pain
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su Fu, Haojie Sun, Jiaxin Wang, Shuaixin Gao, Liu Zhu, Kun Cui, Shimeng Liu, Xuetao Qi, Rui Guan, Xiaocen Fan, Qingying Liu, Wen Chen, Li Su, Shuang Cui, Feifei Liao, Fengyu Liu, Catherine C L Wong, Ming Yi, You Wan
A large proportion of patients with chronic pain experience co-morbid anxiety. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is proposed to underlie this comorbidity, but the molecular and neuronal mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we reported that impaired neuronal macroautophagy in the prelimbic cortical (PrL) subregion of the mPFC paralleled the occurrence of anxiety-like behaviors in rats with chronic spared nerve injury (SNI). Intriguingly, such macroautophagy impairment was mainly observed in a FOS/c-Fos+ neuronal subpopulation in the PrL...
March 24, 2024: Autophagy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521946/comparison-of-low-dose-maximal-intent-versus-controlled-tempo-resistance-training-on-quality-of-life-functional-capacity-and-strength-in-untrained-healthy-adults-a-comparative-effectiveness-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liam T Pearson, Kai T Fox, Ashleigh Keenan, David G Behm, Sam Stuart, Stuart Goodall, Gill Barry
Lack of physical activity is a global issue for adults that can lead to sedentary behaviour and a higher prevalence of health complications and chronic diseases, resulting in reduced quality-of-life (QoL) and functional capacity (FC). A potential strategy to mitigate this inactivity is low-dose resistance training (RT); however, physiological, and psychological responses are limited in evidence. Twenty untrained participants aged 30-60 years old (mean ± SD age 42 ± 7 years, mass 77 ± 13 kg, stature 166 ± 8 cm; 18 females and two males) were recruited and randomly assigned to maximal velocity-intent (MI, n = 10) or controlled-tempo (CT, n = 10) RT according to CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines...
March 23, 2024: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521906/diversity-of-trichinella-species-in-carnivores-from-bosnia-and-herzegovina
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jasmin Omeragić, Naida Kapo, Vedad Škapur, Ćazim Crnkić, Šejla Goletić, Adis Softić, Teufik Goletić
BACKGROUND: In Bosnia and Herzegovina, domestic and wild carnivores represent a significant driver for the transmission and ecology of zoonotic pathogens, especially those of parasitic aetiology. Nevertheless, there is no systematic research of Trichinella species in animals that have been conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, even though trichinellosis is considered the most important parasitic zoonosis. The available results of the few studies carried out in Bosnia and Herzegovina are mainly related to the confirmation of parasitic larvae in the musculature of domestic pigs and wild boars or data related to trichinellosis in humans...
March 23, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
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